| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,020 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,746 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,000,637 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 48,349,000 |
اثر متقابل نوع شیر و تعداد دفعات تغذیه شیر بر مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن روزانه و رشد اسکلتی گوسالههای شیرخوار هلشتاین | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| دوره 37، شماره 145، اسفند 1403، صفحه 119-137 اصل مقاله (1.94 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2024.365328.2379 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسن باقری1؛ فرشید فتاح نیا2؛ مهدی بهرامی یکدانگی* 3؛ داوود اکبری4؛ مهرداد رستمی چشمه کچی5 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام. ایلام. ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام. ایلام. ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی. سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. کرج. ایران. | ||
| 4کارشناس فنی شرکت قیام، هلدینگ کشاورزی و دامپرروی فردوس پارس | ||
| 5دامپزشک فنی شرکت قیام، هلدینگ کشاورزی و دامپرروی فردوس پارس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این آزمایش از 32 راس گوساله نر و ماده هلشتاین 3 روزه با میانگین وزن 1± 5/37 کیلوگرم به صورت فاکتوریل 2 ×2 استفاده شد. گوساله‌ها به 4 گروه تقریبا یکسان (8 راس به ازاء هر تیمار آزمایشی) تفسیم و به صورت تصادفی به تیمارهای آزمایشی اختصاص داده شدند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل شیر معمولی (2 و 3 نوبت در روز) و شیر حاوی آنتی "ضایعاتی" (2 و 3 نوبت در روز) بودند. همه گوساله‌ها در سن 63 روزگی از شیر گرفته شدند و تا سن 83 روزگی در آزمایش باقی ماندند. کمترین مصرف ماده خشک جیره استارتر در پیش از شیرگیری و کل دوره پرورش، کمترین مصرف ماده خشک کل، بیشترین افزایش وزن روزانه در پس از شیرگیری و کل دوره آزمایش و بیشترین بازده استفاده از خوراک در گوسالههای تغذیه شده با شیر معمولی در 3 نوبت در روز مشاهده شد (05/0>P). گوسالههای تغذیه شده با شیر معمولی در 3 نوبت در روز دارای ارتفاع هیپ (زمان شیرگیری و پایان آزمایش)، وزن بدن (پایان آزمایش) و طول بدن (زمان شیرگیری و پایان آزمایش) بیشتری در مقایسه با سایر گروه‌ها بودند (05/0>P). تغذیه شیر معمولی در مقایسه با شیر حاوی آنتی‌بیوتیک (ضایعاتی) باعث افزایش مصرف ماده خشک شیر، بهبود افزایش وزن روزانه و بازده استفاده از خوراک، وزن بدن بالاتر در زمان شیرگیری و پایان آزمایش در گوساله‌ها شد (05/0>P). در کل، تغذیه شیر معمولی در 3 نوبت در روز باعث افزایش عملکرد گوسالههای شیرخوار هلشتاین شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گوساله شیری؛ نوع شیر مصرفی؛ تعداد نوبت تغذیه شیر؛ عملکرد؛ شاخص رشد اسکلتی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Interaction effect of milk type and milk feeding frequency on feed intake, daily weight gain and skeletal growth of Holstein calves | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hassan Bagheri1؛ farshid Fatahnia2؛ Mehdi Bahrami-Yekdangi3؛ davod Akbari4؛ Mehrdad Rostami5 | ||
| 1G | ||
| 2Faculty member | ||
| 3Animal science research institute of Iran, Nutrition department | ||
| 4Animal expert | ||
| 5Vet | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study thity-two new-born Holstein male and female calves (3-d-old) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: 1) feeding whole milk (HM) in 2 times/d (2×; HM-2×), 2) feeding HM in 3 times/d (3×; HM-3×), 3) feeding waste milk (WM) in 2× (WM-2×); and 4) feeding WM in 3× (WM-3×). The lowest starter dry matter (DM) intake (pre-weaning and entire period), total DM intake and the highest average daily gain (ADG; post-weaning and entire period) and feed efficiency (FE) were was observed in WM-3× calves compared to other groups (P<0.05). Calves in WM-3× group had the highest hip height (weaning and the end of experiment), body weight (BW; the end of experiment) and body length (weaning and the end of experiment) compared to other groups (P<0.05). Based on the conditions of the present study, it can be concluded that feeding HM at 3× improved Holstein Dairy calves. Further researches are needed to evaluate these findings. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Dairy calf, Milk type, Milk feeding frequency, Performance, Skeletal growth index | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmed, A. F., P. D. Constable, and N. A. Misk. 2002. Effect of feeding frequency and route of administration on abomasal luminal pH in dairy calves fed milk replacer. J. Dairy Sci. 85: 1502-1508. Aust, V., K. Knappstein, H. J. Kunz, H. Kaspar, J. Wallmann, and M. Kaske. 2013. Feeding untreated and pasteurized waste milk and bulk milk to calves: Effects on calf performance, health status and antibiotic resistance of faecal bacteria. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 97: 1091-1103. Aust, V., K. Knappstein, H. J. Kunz, H. Kaspar, J. Wallmann, and M. Kaske. 2012. Feeding untreated and pasteurized waste milk and bulk milk to calves: Effects on calf performance, health status and antibiotic resistance of faecal bacteria. J. Anim. Physiol Anim. Nutr. 97: 1091-1103. Brunton, L A., D. Duncan, N. G. Coldham, L. C. Snow, and J. R. Jones. 2012. A survey of antimicrobial usage on dairy farms and waste milk feeding practices in England and Wales. Vet. Res. 171: 296-02. Brunton, L. A., H. E. Reeves, L. C. Snow, and J. R. Jones. 2014. A longitudinal field trial assessing the impact of feeding waste milk containing antibiotic residues on the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in calves. Prev. Vet. Med. 117: 403-412. Burgstaller, J., T. Wittek, and G. W. Smith. 2017. Invited review: Abomasal emptying in calves and its potential influence on gastrointestinal disease. J. Dairy Sci. 100: 17-35. Edrington, T. S., J. Armando Garcia Buitrago, G. Robert Hagevoort, G. H. Loneragan, D. M. Bricta-Harhay, R. T. Callaway, R. C. Anderson, and D. J. Nisbet. 2018. Effect of waste milk pasteurization on fecal shedding of Salmonella in preweaned calves. J. Dairy Sci. 101: 9266-9274. Edrington, T. S., S. E. Dowd, R. F. Farrow, T. R. Callaway, R. C. Anderson, and D. J. Nisbet. 2012. Development of colonic microflora as assessed by pyrosequencing in dairy calves fed waste Milk. J. Dairy Sci. 95: 4519-4525. Fischer, A. J., C. Villot, J. K. van Niekerk, T. T. Yohe, D. L. Renaud, and M. A. Steele. 2019. Invited Review: Nutritional regulation of gut function in dairy calves: From colostrum to weaning. Appl. Anim. Sci. 35: 498-510. Fordyce, A. L., L. L. Timms, K. J. Stalder, and H. D. Tyler. 2018. Short communication: The effect of novel antiseptic compounds on umbilical cord healing and incidence of infection in dairy calves The effect of novel antiseptic compounds. J. Dairy Sci. 101: 5444-5448. Gabler, M. T., P. R. Tozer, and A. J. Heinrichs. 2000. Development of a cost analysis spreadsheet for calculating the costs to raise a replacement dairy heifer. J. Dairy Sci. 83: 1104-1109. Grice, K. D., K. M. Glosson, and J. K. Drackley. 2020. Effects of feeding frequency and protein source in milk replacer for Holstein calves. J. Dairy Sci. 103: 10048-10059. Grice, K. D., K. M. Glosson, and J. K. Drackley. 2020. Effects of feeding frequency and protein source in milk replacer for Holstein calves J. Dairy Sci. 103: 10048-10059. Heinrichs, A. J., C. M. Jones, L. R. Van Roekel, and M. A. Fowler. 2003. Calf Track: A system of dairy calf workforce management, training, and evaluation and health evaluation. J. Dairy Sci. 86 (Suppl. 1): 115-123. Heinrichs, A. J., G. I. Zanton, G. J. Lascano, and C. M. Jones. 2017. A 100-Year Review: A century of dairy heifer research. J. Dairy Sci. 100: 10173-10188. Jafari, A., A. Azarfar, G. M. Alugongo, G. R. Ghorbani, M. Mirzaei, A. Fadayifar, H. Omidi-Mirzaei, Z. Cao, J. K. Drackley, and M. Hossieni Ghaffari. 2021. Milk feeding quantity and feeding frequency: effects on growth performance, rumen fermentation and blood metabolites of Holstein dairy calves. Italian J. Anim. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2021.1884504. Kaufhold, J. N., H. M. Hammon, R. M. Bruckmaier, B. H. Breier and J. W. Blum. 2000. Nutrition, feeding, and calves: postprandial metabolism and endocrine status in veal calves fed at different frequencies. J. Dairy Sci. 83: 2480-2490. Khan, M. A., H. J. Lee, W. S. Lee, H. S. Kim, K. S. Ki, T. Y. Hur, G. H. Suh, S. J. Kang and Y. J. Choi. 2007. Structural growth, rumen development, and metabolic and immune responses of holstein male calves fed milk through step-down and conventional methods. J. Dairy Sci. 90: 3376-3387. Kmicikewycz, A. D., D. da Silva, J. Linn, and N. Litherland. 2013. Effects of milk replacer program fed 2 or 4 times daily on nutrient intake and calf growth. J. Dairy Sci. 96: 1125-1134. Langford, F. M., D. M. Weary, and L. Fisher. 2003.Antibiotic resistance in gut bacteria from dairy calves: A dose response to the level of antibiotics fed in milk. J. Dairy Sci. 86: 3963-3966. Li, J. H., M. H. Yousif, Z. Q. Li, Z. H. Wu, S. L. Li, H. J. Yang, Y. J. Wang, and Z. J. Cao. 2018. Effects of antibiotic residues in milk on growth, ruminal fermentation, and microbial community of preweaning dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci. 102: 2298-2307. MacPherson, J., S. Meale, K. Macmillan, J. Haisan, C. Bench, M. Oba, and M. Steele. 2019. Effects of feeding frequency of an elevated plane of milk replacer and calf age on behavior, and glucose and insulin kinetics in male Holstein calves. Animal. 13: 1385-1393. Maynou, G., H. Chester-Jones, A. Bach, and M. Terré. 2019. Feeding pasteurized waste milk to preweaned dairy calves changes fecal and upper respiratory tract microbiota. Front. Vet. Sci. 6: 159. Miyazaki, T., K. Okada, T. Yamashita, and M. Miyazaki. 2019. Temporal changes of abomasal contents and volumes in calves fed milk diluted with oral rehydration salt solution. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 81: 256-262. Moallem, U., D. Werner, H. Lehrer, M. Zachut, L. Livshitz, S. Yakoby, and A. Shamay. 2010. Long-term effects of ad libitum whole milk prior to weaning and prepubertal protein supplementation on skeletal growth rate and first-lactation milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 93: 2639-2650. Okada, K., J. Kato, T. Miyazak, S. Sato, and J. Yasuda. 2010. The effect of frequent milk feeding on abomasal curd formation of Holstein calves. Anim. Sci. J. 81: 85-88. Pereira, R. V. V., L. M. Carroll, S. Lima, C. Foditsch, J. D. Siler, R. C. Bicalho, and L. D. Warnick. 2018. Impacts of feeding preweaned calves milk containing drug residues on the functional profile of the fecal microbiota. Sci. Rep. 8: 554. Pereira, R.V.V., J. D. Siler, R. C. Bicalho, and L. D. Warnick. 2014. In vivo selection of resistant E. coli after ingestion of milk with added drug residues. PLoS ONE 9: e115223. Quast, C., E. Pruesse, P. Yilmaz, J. Gerken, T. Schweer, and P. Yarza. 2013. The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and webbased tools. Nucleic Acids Res. 41: D590-596. Renaud, D. L., M. A. Steele, R. Genore, S. M. Roche, and C. B. Winder. 2020. Passive immunity and colostrum management practices on Ontario dairy farms and auction facilities: A cross-sectional study. J. Dairy Sci. 103: 8369-8377. Roland, L., M. Drillich, D. Klein-Jobstl, and M. Iwersen. 2016. Invited review: Influence of climatic conditions on the development, performance, and health of calves. J. Dairy Sci. 99: 2438-2452. Saldana, D. J., C. M. Jones, A. M. Gehman, and A. J. Heinrichs. 2019. Effects of once- versus twice-a-day feeding of pasteurized milk supplemented with yeast-derived feed additives on growth and health in female dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci. 102: 3654-3660. Shivley, C. B., J. E. Lombard, N. J. Urie, D. M. Haines, R. Sargent, C. A. Kopral, T. J. Earleywine, J. D. Olson, and F. B. Garry. 2018. Preweaned heifer management on US dairy operations: Part II. Factors associated with colostrum quality and passive transfer status of dairy heifer calves. J. Dairy Sci. 101: 9185-9198. Soberon, F., E. Raffrenato, R. W. Everett, and M. E. Van Amburgh. 2012. Preweaning milk replacer intake and effects on long-term productivity of dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci. 95: 783-793. Stanley, C. C., C. C. Williams, B. F. Jenny, J. M. Fernandez, H. G. Bateman II, W. A. Nipper, J. C. Lovejoy, D. T. Gantt, and G. E. Goodier. 2002. Effects of feeding milk replacer once versus twice daily on glucose metabolism in Holstein and Jersey calves. J. Dairy Sci. 85: 2335-2343. Strzetelski, J., B. Niwinska, J. Kowalczyk, and A. Jurkiewicz. 2001. Effect of milk replacer feeding frequency and level on concentrate intake and rearing performance of calves. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 10: 413-420. Thames, C. H., A. Pruden, R. E. James, P. P. Ray, and K. F. Knowlton. 2012. Excretion of antibiotic resistance genes by dairy calves fed milk replacers with varying doses of antibiotics. Front. Microbiol. 3: 1-12. Thomas M. 2014. Effects of feeding milk replacer once, twice or three times daily on growth and performance in neonatal Holstein calves. J. Dairy Sci. 85: 2335-2343. Thomas, M., C. C. Williams, B. F. Jenny, S. Blair, C. F. Hutchison, C. Burke, E. L. Chartier, M. Orellana, and A. H. Dolejsiova. 2014. Effects of milk replacer feeding frequency on growth and performance of neonatal Holstein calves. J. Dairy Sci. 97(E-Suppl. 1): 586. (Abstr.). USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service. 2002. Milk Cows and Production. Accessed Dec. https:// www. aphis .usda .gov/ aphis/ ourfocus/ animalhealth/ monitoring -and -surveillance/nahms/ nahms dairy studies. Van den Borne, J., M. Verstegen, S. Alferink, R. Giebels, and W. Gerrits. 2006. Effects of feeding frequency and feeding level on nutrient utilization in heavy preruminant calves. J. Dairy Sci. 89: 3578-3586. van Niekerk, J. K., A. J. Fischer-Tlustos, J. N. Wilms, K. S. Hare, A. C. Welboren, A. J. Lopez, T. T. Yohe, L. R. Cangiano, L. N. Leal, and M. A. Steele1. 2020. ADSA Foundation Scholar Award: New frontiers in calf and heifer nutrition—From conception to puberty. J. Dairy Sci. 104: 8341-8362. Vicari, T., J. J. G. G. Van Den Borne, W. J. J. Gerrits, Y. Zbinden, and J. W. Blum. 2008. Postprandial blood hormone and metabolite concentrations influenced by feeding frequency and feeding level in veal calves. Domest. Anim. Endocrin. 34: 74-88. Vieira, S. D. F., S. G. Coelho, H. D. C. Diniz Neto, H. C. M. D. Sá, B. P. Pereira, B. S. F. Albuquerque, and M. M. Campos. 2021. Effects of Bulk Tank milk, waste milk, and pasteurized waste milk on the intake, ruminal parameters, blood parameters, health, and performance of dairy calves. Animals, 11: 3552. Wilcox, C. S., M. M. Schutz, M. R. Rostagno, D. C. Lay Jr., and S. D. Eicher. 2013. Repeated mixing and isolation: measuring chronic, intermittent stress in Holstein calves. J. Dairy Sci. 96: 7223-7233. Zhang, R., W. B. Zhang, Y. L. Bi, Y. Tu, Y. Beckers, H. C. Du, and Q. Y. Diao. 2019. Early feeding regime of waste milk, milk, and milk replacer for calves has different effects on rumen fermentation and the bacterial community. Animals 9: 443. Zou, Y., Y. Wang, Y. Deng, Z. Cao, S. Li, and J. Wang. 2017. Effects of feeding untreated, pasteurized and acidified waste milk and bunk tank milk on the performance, serum metabolic profiles, immunity, and intestinal development in Holstein calves. J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. 8: 1-11. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 136 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 78 |
||