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زیست‌شناسی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی پروتئاز و آمیلاز سوسک چهارلکه‌ای حبوبات Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) روی ارقام مختلف ماش | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 45، شماره 4، مهر 1404 اصل مقاله (1.1 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22117/jesi.2024.366726.1648 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهرام ناصری* ؛ آرین عبادی؛ زهرا رضایی | ||
| گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سوسک چهارلکه‌ای حبوبات، Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)،یکی از آفات مهم دانه حبوبات در ایران و اغلب کشورهای جهان می‌باشد. بررسی مقاومت ارقام حبوبات نسبت به این حشره می‌تواند در کاهش خسارت آفت مفید باشد. در این پژوهش، مقاومت دانه پنج رقم مختلف ماش (سخاوت، زربخش، پرتو، ازبک و افغان) با بررسی پارامترهای زیستی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی پروتئاز و آمیلاز سوسک چهارلکه‌ای حبوبات در دمای 1± 28 درجهسلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصدو 24 ساعتتاریکی ارزیابی شد. پس از تخمگذاری حشرات بالغ، دانه‌های ماش حاوی یک عدد تخم به صورت انفرادی به ظروف پتری 6 سانتی‌متری منتقل و طول دوره قبل از بلوغ، درصد بقای افراد نابالغ، زادآوری و طول عمر حشرات کامل نر و ماده روی هر رقم بررسی شد. نتایج به دست آمده از زیست‌شناسی و پارامترهای جدول زندگی حشره با روش دوجنسی سن‌مرحله رشدی تجزیه شدند. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، درصد زنده‌مانی و طول دورهی مراحل نابالغ روی رقم‌های مختلف ماش تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. در میان ارقام ماش مورد بررسی، زادآوری سوسک‌های ماده روی رقم پرتو (21/69 تخم) کمتر از سایر رقم‌هابود. طولانی‌ترین دوره تخمگذاری آفت روی رقم زربخش (33/5 روز) و کوتاه‌ترین آن روی رقم ازبک (54/4 روز) به دست آمد. با این حال، نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) روی رقم‌های مختلف ماش تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. کمترین فعالیت آنزیم‌های گوارشی آمیلاز و پروتئاز لاروهای سن چهارم روی رقم سخاوت به دست آمد. مطابق با یافته‌های به دست آمده از پژوهش حاضر، تفاوتی در حساسیت و مقاومت رقم‌های ماش مورد بررسی نسبت به سوسک چهارلکه‌ای حبوبات مشاهده نشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفت انباری؛ جدول زندگی؛ مقاومت دانه؛ رقم حبوبات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Life history and digestive protease and amylase activity of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on different green gram cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bahram Naseri؛ Aryan Ebadi؛ Zahra Rezaei | ||
| Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The cowpea weevil,Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of the important pests of stored legume grains in Iran and many countries of the world. Investigation of resistance status of legume grains to C. maculatus infestation can be helpful in minimizing its severe damage. In this research, we studied the resistance of five green gram cultivars (Sekhavat, Zarbakhsh, Parto, Uzbek, and Afghan) to C. maculatus using its life history parameters and digestive protease and amylase activity at 28 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% relative humidity, and 24 h darkness. After oviposition of adult weevils, green gram seeds containing one egg were individually transferred to 6 cm Petri dishes, and the pre-adult period, the survival percentage of immature individuals, fecundity and longevity of male and female insects on each cultivar were investigated. The results obtained from the life history and life table parameters of the insect were analyzed by age-stage, two-sex method. According to obtained results, there was no significant difference in the percentage of survival and the length of the immature stages on different cultivars of green gram. Among the examined cultivars, fecundity of female weevils on cultivar Parto (69.21 eggs) was lower than on other tested cultivars. The longest oviposition period was obtained on cultivar Zarbakhsh (5.33 days) and the shortest on cultivar Uzbek (4.54 days). However, the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of population increase (r) and finite rate of population increase (λ) were not significantly different on five cultivars of green gram. The amylolytic and proteolytic activities of fourth instar larvae were lowest on cultivar Sekhavat. According to the findings of the present study, no difference was found in the susceptibility and resistance of the studied green gram cultivars to the cowpea weevil. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Storage pest, life table, seed resistance, legume cultivar | ||
| مراجع | ||
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