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تأثیر تیمارهای تغذیه‌ای بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک و عملکرد اسانس مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 37، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 106، خرداد و تیر 1400، صفحه 193-213 اصل مقاله (1.08 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.351383.2840 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده محدثه محمدی1؛ فاطمه سفیدکن2؛ سمانه اسدی صنم* 3؛ سپیده کلاته‌جاری4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی- گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی- گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1400.37.193.106.2.1578.32 این آزمایش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تیمارهای مختلف تغذیه‌ای بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، عملکرد اسانس و میزان برخی عناصر خاک و سرشاخه‌های گیاه مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad) به‌صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و ۱۴ تیمار تغذیه‌ای طی دو سال زراعی 1396 و 1397 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل 1-C (شاهد)، 2-NPK (کود شیمیایی 50، 25، 25 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، 3- CM30، 4- CM60 (CM: کود دامی 30 و 60 تن در هکتار)، 5- CM30+NPK، 6- CM60+NPK، 7- V5 (ورمی‌کمپوست 50 تن در هکتار)، 8- V5+NPK، 9- GM (Glomus mosseae)، 10- GI (Glomus intraradices)، 11- S0+T، 12- S250+T، 13- S500+T (S: سولفور 0، 250 و 500 کیلوگرم در هکتار، T: Thiobacillus) و14- V5+T بودند. تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد، اثر متقابل سال در تیمارهای تغذیه‌ای بر تمام ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، بازده و عملکرد اسانس و مقدار عناصر پتاسیم و گوگرد سرشاخه‌های گیاه معنی‌دار (p ≤0.01) شد. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته در سالهای اول و دوم به‌ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای CM30+NPK و CM60 بود. بیشترین تعداد شاخه در سالهای اول و دوم به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای CM30+NPK و GM مشاهده شد. تیمار CM30+NPK بیشترین پهنای سایه‌انداز را در هر دو سال به‌خود اختصاص داد. همچنین بیشترین میزان ماده خشک سرشاخه گلدار در سالهای اول و دوم به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای CM30+NPK و V5+T بدست آمد. طبق نتایج آزمایش، بیشترین بازده اسانس در سالهای اول و دوم به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای GM و S0+T مشاهده شد. کاربرد تیمارهای V5+NPK و V5+T موجب افزایش معنی‌دار عملکرد اسانس به‌ترتیب در سالهای اول و دوم گردید. نتایج همچنین نشان داد، بیشترین مقدار پتاسیم سرشاخه‌ها در سال اول، در تیمار GI و در سال دوم، در تیمار V5+NPK مشاهده شد. همچنین، بیشترین مقدار گوگرد سرشاخه‌ها در سالهای اول و دوم به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای V5 و S500+T بدست آمد. به‌طور کلی، پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که استفاده از کودهای زیستی موجب افزایش بازده اسانس و میزان عناصر‌تغذیه‌ای در این گیاه می‌شود. همچنین، استفاده از ورمی‌کمپوست به همراه کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی جهت افزایش عملکرد اسانس گیاه دارویی مرزه خوزستانی توصیه می‌گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad)؛ ورمی‌کمپوست؛ کود شیمیایی؛ عملکرد اسانس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of nutritional treatments on morphological characteristics and essential oil yield of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S.M. Mohammadi1؛ F, Sefidkon2؛ S. Asadi-Sanam3؛ S. Kalatejari4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Horticultural Sciences and Agronamy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Medicinal Plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Medicinal Plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Horticultural Sciences and Agronamy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To investigate the effects of different nutritional treatments on morphological characteristics, essential oil yield, and the amount of some elements in the soil and plant branches of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications and 14 nutritional treatments during two growing seasons (2017-2018, 2018-2019). Treatments included 1- C (control), 2- NPK (Chemical fertilizer 50-25-25 kg.ha-1), 3- CM30, 4- CM60 (CM: Cattle manure 30 and 60 ton.ha-1), 5- CM30+NPK, 6- CM60+NPK, 7- V5 (Vermicompost 50 ton.ha-1), 8- V5+NPK, 9- GM (Glomus mosseae), 10- GI (Glomus intraradices), 11- S0+T, 12- S250+T, 13- S500+T (S: Sulfur 0, 250, and 500 kg.ha-1, T: Thiobacillus), and 14- V5+T. The analysis of variance showed the significant effect (p < /em>≤0.01) of year×fertilizer treatments on the all morphological characteristics, percentage and essential oil yield, and the amount of potassium and sulfur of plant branches. The highest plant height in the first and second years was related to the CM30+NPK and CM60 treatments, respectively. The highest number of branches in the first and second years was observed in the CM30+NPK and GM treatments, respectively. The CM30+NPK treatment had the highest shade width in both years. Also, the highest amount of dry matter of flowering branches in the first and second years was related to the CM30+NPK and V5+T treatments, respectively. According to the results, the highest essential oil percentage in the first and second years was observed in the GM and S0 + T treatments, respectively. The application of V5+NPK and V5 +T treatments significantly increased the essential oil yield in the first and second years, respectively. The results also showed that the highest potassium content of branches in the first and second years was related to the GI and V5 + NPK treatments, respectively. Also, the highest sulfur content of branches in the first and second years was obtained in the V5 and S500 + T treatments, respectively. In general, the present study showed that the use of biofertilizers increases the efficiency of essential oil percentage and the amount of nutrients in this plant. Also, it could be recommended to use vermicompost along with the chemical and biological fertilizers to increase the essential oil yield of Satureja khuzistanica. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad, vermicompost, chemical fertilizer, essential oil yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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