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مقایسه خصوصیات رشدی، میزان اسانس، فنل کل و قابلیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی جمعیت‌های مختلف سه گونه گل‌راعی (Hypericum scabrum L.، H. asperulum. Jaub. & Spach و H. ermiculare) جمع‌آوری شده از استان کردستان | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| دوره 36، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 102، مهر و آبان 1399، صفحه 655-669 اصل مقاله (852.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.127696.2634 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
جلال خورشیدی  1؛ محمد رضا مرشدلو2؛ شادی مرادی3
| ||
| 1استادیار، مرکز پژوهشی اصلاح و توسعه گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.655.102.4.1605.1606 گل‌راعی (Hypericum sp .) یکی از پرکاربردترین گیاهان دارویی جهان است. ویژگی‌های رشدی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه تحت تأثیر دو عامل ژنتیک و محیط است، ازاین‌رو در این پژوهش خصوصیات رشدی، میزان اسانس، فنل کل و قابلیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی جمعیت‌های مختلف سه گونه گل‌راعی (H. scabrum L.، H. asperulum Jaub. & Spachو H. vermiculare) ارزیابی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تنها صفت ارتفاع ساقه گل‌دهنده تحت تأثیر نوع گونه قرار گرفت و سایر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده تحت تأثیر نوع گونه و جمعیت قرار نگرفتند. ولی اثر متقابل گونه و جمعیت بر تمام صفات معنی‌دار بود. به‌طوری که بیشترین طول ساقه گل‌دهنده (77.7 سانتی‌متر)، وزن گل و برگ (42.4 گرم)، وزن ساقه (30.9 گرم)، وزن بوته (65.6 گرم)، میزان اسانس (0.43%)، فنل کل (204.9 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید در گرم عصاره خشک) و قابلیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (52.7 میکروگرم عصاره خشک در میلی‌لیتر) به‌ترتیب متعلق به جمعیت‌های شماره 5 گونه H. asperulum، 3 گونه H. scabrum، 4 گونه H. asperulum، 4 گونه H. asperulum، 4 گونه H. scabrum، 6 گونه H. vermiculare و 5 گونه H. asperulumبود. همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین وزن ساقه، وزن گل و برگ و وزن بوته با میانگین بارندگی سالیانه رویشگاه، بین درصد اسانس با فسفر خاک و میانگین دمای سالیانه رویشگاه و بین هدایت الکتریکی خاک رویشگاه با قابلیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصاره و نیز همبستگی منفی بین درصد اسانس با ماده آلی خاک رویشگاه مشاهده گردید. صفات وزن ساقه، وزن گل و برگ و وزن بوته بیشترین واریانس را بین جمعیت‌های متعلق به یک گونه داشتند، ازاین‌رو صفات مطلوبی برای تفکیک جمعیت‌ها شناخته شدند. به‌طور کلی نمی‌توان یکی از جمعیت‌ها را نسبت به بقیه برتر دانست، زیرا با توجه به نوع صفت، جمعیت برتر متفاوت بود. بنابراین برای دستیابی به جمعیت برتر باید تمام جمعیت‌های سه گونه مذکور در شرایط یکسان کشت شده و با هم مقایسه شوند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رویشگاه؛ وزن بوته؛ فیتوشیمیایی؛ ژنتیک؛ Hypericum | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of growth properties, essential oil content, total phenol, and antioxidant potential of different populations of three Hypericum species (H. scabrum L., H. asperulum Jaub. & Spach. and H. vermiculare) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| J. Khorshidi1؛ M.R. Morshedloo2؛ Sh. Moradi3 | ||
| 1Research Center of Medicinal Plants Breeding and Development, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 3M.Sc. student, Department of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Hypericum sp. is one of the most widely used medicinal plants in the world. Both genetic and environmental factors influence the growth and phytochemical properties of the plant. Therefore, in this study, growth characteristics, essential oil content, total phenol and antioxidant potential were evaluated in different populations of three Hypericum species (H. scabrum (HS), H. asperulum (HA) and H. vermiculare (HV)). The results indicated that only flowering stem height was affected by species and other measured traits were not affected by species and population. But the interaction between species and population was significant on all measured traits. So that the highest flowering stem length (77.7 cm), flower and leaf weight (42.4 g), stem weight (30.9 g), plant weight (65.6 g), essential oil content (0.43%), total phenol (204.9 mg gallic acid.g-1 dry extract) and antioxidant potential (52.7 µg dry extract.ml-1) belonged to populations No.5 in HA, No.3 in HS, No.4 in HA, No.4 in HA, No.4 in HS, No.6 in HV, and No.5 in HA, respectively. A positive and significant correlation was observed between stem weight, flower and leaf weight and plant weight with mean annual rainfall of the habitat, between essential oil percentage with soil phosphorus and mean annual temperature of the habitat, and between the electrical conductivity of the habitat soil with the antioxidant potential of the extract. There was also a negative correlation between essential oil percentage and soil organic matter of the habitat. Stem weight, flower and leaf weight, and plant weight had the highest variance among populations belonging to the same species and, therefore, were identified as desirable traits for separation of populations. Generally, one population cannot be considered superior to the others because the superior population was different depending on the trait. Therefore, to achieve a superior population, all populations of the three species must be cultivated and compared under the same conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Habitat, Plant weight, Phytochemical, Genetic, Hypericum | ||
| مراجع | ||
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