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ارزیابی خصوصیات فنولوژیکی، تشکیل میوه و ویژگی های کیفیت میوه برخی از ارقام آلو و گوجه در شرایط محیطی کرج | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 35، شماره 2، شهریور 1398، صفحه 189-210 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppi.2020.121930 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا فلاتی* 1؛ محمدرضا فتاحی مقدم2؛ علی عبادی2 | ||
| 1دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد باغبانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آلوها از جمله گونه های مهم جنس Prunus میباشند که در بازار و صنعت میوه دارای اهمیت بالایی هستند. این پژوهش برای ارزیابی مراحل فنولوژیک، تشکیل میوه و ویژگی های کیفیت میوه 16 رقم آلو و گوجه در سال های 1394-1392 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران در کرج انجام شد. نتایج تفاوت معنی دار ژنوتیپ ها را از لحاظ کلیه صفات اندازه گیری شده نشان داد. ارقام بلک استار و بخارا به ترتیب از لحاظ زمان گل دهی، ظاهر شدن برگها و زمان رسیدن میوه زودرس ترین و دیررس ترین ارقام بودند. مراحل فنولوژیک ارقام بررسی شده در دو سال ارزیابی متفاوت بودند به نحوی که زمان شروع گل دهی، تمام گل و زمان رسیدن میوه ها در سال اول ارزیابی در مقایسه با سال دوم زودتر انجام شد. طول دوره گل دهی نیز در بین ارقام و ژنوتیپ های آلو و گوجه متفاوت بود و دامنه تغییرات آن در سال اول ارزیابی طولانی تر از سال دوم بود. درصد ریزش جوانه های گل، گل ها، میوه چه و میوه ها متفاوت بود. ارقام شوگر و قطره طلا بالاترین میزان درصد تشکیل میوه را داشتند. ارقام بلک استار و شابلون درشت ترین اندازه میوه را دارا بودند و ارقام سیمکا و استنلی به ترتیب بالاترین میزان سفتی بافت میوه و شاخص طعم میوه را داشتند. ارقام با صفات مطلوب از لحاظ زمان گل دهی مانند ارقام بخارا، استنلی و شوگر همچنین ارقام با پتانسیل عملکرد میوه بالا مانند ارقام ژاپنی، سیمکا و شابلون می توانند در برنامه های به نژادی و برای ایجاد باغ های جدید گوجه و آلو مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آلو؛ گلدهی؛ ریزش گل؛ میوهچه؛ سفتی میوه؛ شاخص طعم میوه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Phenological Characteristics, Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality Properties of Some Plum Cultivars Under Karaj Environmental Conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Z. Falati1؛ M.R. Fattahi Moghaddam2؛ A. Ebadi2 | ||
| 1Former M. Sc. Student, Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, The University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus, The University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Plums are important species among Prunus genus with significant role in fruit market and industry. This research was carried out to evaluate phenological characteristics, fruit setting and fruit quality traits of 16 plum cultivars in 2014 and 2015 growing seasons in horticultural research station of horticultural and landscaping engineering department of agricultural and natural resources campus of the University of Tehran. The results showed significant differences among plum cultivars for all traits. Cultivar Black Star and cv. Bukhara were early and late in respect of flowering, leaves appearance and ripening times in both years, respectively. Phenological characteristics of cultivars differed in two years as the commencement of blooming, full bloom and ripening time occurred earlier in the first year. Flowering period among examined plum cultivars was also different and longer in the first year. The abscission percentage of flower buds, flowers, fruitlets and fruits were different among cultivars. Cultivar Sugar and cv. Golden Drop had higher fruit set rate. Cultivar Black Star and cv. Shablon had the largest fruits, and Simka and Stanley cultivars had higher fruit firmness and fruit flavor index, respectively. Cultivars with desirable flowering time; cv. Bukhara, cv. Stanley and cv. Sugar, and also cultivars with high fruit yield potential; cv. Japanese, cv. Simka and cv. Shablon, can be used in plums breeding programs and establishing of new orchards. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Plum, flowering, flower abscission, fruitlet, fruit firmness, fruit flavor index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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