| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,873 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,555 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 42,418,970 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 19,194,626 |
شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی مگسهای سیرفید شکارگر (Diptera: Syrphidae) در برخی کشتبومهای استان کرمانشاه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 7، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 13، شهریور 1398، صفحه 1-13 اصل مقاله (224.78 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2019.121124 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| فرزاد جلیلیان* | ||
| بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| طی سال‌های 95-1392 بررسی‌هایی در ارزیابی شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی سیرفیدهای شکارگر در برخی کشتبومهای مناطق معتدل استان کرمانشاه انجام شد. در این ارزیابی تعداد 15 گونه شناسایی و گونه‌ی Eupoedes corollae به‌عنوان گونه غالب تعیین شد. برای شاخص یکنواختی Evennessبیشترین مقدار آن مربوط به گندم آبی و کمترین هم مربوط به باغات هستهدار بهترتیب به مقدار 72/0 و 25/. بود. در محاسبه شاخص غنایMargalefنیز کلزا و گندم دیم بهترتیب با 83/11 و 77/4 بیشترین و کمترین مقدار این ضریب را در مقایسه با سایر کشتبومها داشتند. برای نسبت مشابهت Sorensonدر دو سال بیشترین و کمترین میزان مشابهت مربوط به سیب- هستهدار و سیب- کلزا بهترتیب به میزان 88/0 و 5/0 بود. شاخص تنوع Shannon-Wiener نیزدر سال اول برای کشتبومهای سیب،گندم آبی، کلزا، هستهدار و گندم دیم بهترتیب به میزان 42/1، 41/1، 18/1، 07/1 و 01/1 محاسبه شد. در سال دوم هم مقادیر این شاخص برای گندم آبی، سیب، کلزا و هسته‌داران بهترتیب 49/1، 28/1، 48/1 و 86/0 برآورد شد. بالا بودن مقدار شاخص Shannon-Wiener بیانگر بیشتر بودن تنوع بر حسب تعداد گونه بود. نتایج مقایسه واریانس این شاخص با استفاده از آزمون t نشان داد تمام کشت بوم‌ها از تنوع گونهای مشابهی برخوردارند (P>0.05). کشتبومهای مورد ارزیابی دارای تنوع زیستی بالایی از مگسهای سیرفید شکارگر بوده و این تنوع زیستی کلید پایداری و بقای آن‌ها محسوب میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مگس سیرفید؛ کشت‌بوم؛ شاخص‌های تنوع؛ کرمانشاه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Diversity indeces of predaceuse Syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in some agro-ecosystems of Kermanshah Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Farzad Jalilian | ||
| Plant Protection Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Some bio-ecological studies were carried out on the syrphid flies in several agro-ecosystems in temperate regions of Kermanshah province during 2013-16. Fifteen aphidophagus syrphid species were identified which Eupeodes corollae was the dominant species. For Evenness index, the highest value was belonged to irrigated wheat and the lowest one was belonged to stone fruit orchards, which were evaluated as 0.72 and 0.25, respectively. In biennial calculation of the Margalef index, rain-fed wheat and canola have the lowest and highest values of this index which were evaluated as 4.77 and 11.83, respectively. For Sorenson similarity in first year, the highest and lowest degree of similarity was belonged to apple-stone fruits and apple-canola with values of 0.88 and 0.5, respectively. In the first year, Shannon- Wiener index for apple trees, irrigated wheat, canola, stone fruit trees and rain-fed wheat, were determined as 1.42, 1.41, 1.18, 1.07 and 1.01, respectively. In the following year, these indices were evaluated for irrigated wheat, canola, apple and stone fruit trees were evaluated as 1.49, 1.28, 1.48 and 0.86, respectively. The high Shannon-Wiener index indicated the greater diversity of species based on the number of species variance analysis of this factor using t student test revealed that all of the agroecosystems have an identical species diversity (p < /em>> 0.05) The evaluated agroecosystems have an appropriate biodiversity of syrfid predator flies and this biodiversity is a key to their sustainability and survivor. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Syrphid flies, agro-ecosystems, diversity indices, Kermanshah | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdalrahman, H.A. & Mohamad, S.K. 1982. Seasonal abundance of syrphid flies in Giza and Ciro Governorates. Bu. de la Soc. Ento. d Egypte. 64: 201–211. Barbir, J., Badenes‐Pérez, F.R. Fernández‐Quintanilla, C. & Dorado, J. 2015. The attractiveness of flowering herbaceous plants to bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in agro‐ecosystems of Central Spain. Agri. and Forest Ento, 17(1): 20–28. Booth, B.D., Murphy, S.D. & Swanton, C.J. 2003. Weed ecology in natural and agricultural systems. CABI Publishing, 303 p. Branquart, E. & Hemptinne, J.L. 2000. Development of ovaries allometry of reproductive traits & fecundity of Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae). European Journal of Entomology, 97: 165–170. Brewer, M.J. & Elliott, N.C. 2004. Biological control of cereal aphids in North America and mediating effects of host plant and habitat manipulations. Annual Review of Entomology, 49: 219–242. Coe, R.L. 1953. Hand book for identification of British insects. Royal Entomological Society of London, 10: Daly, H., Doyen, J. & Purcell, A. 1998. Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity. Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 601–612. Donnelly, B.E. & Phillips, T.W. 2001. Functional response of Xylocoris flavipes (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae): effects of prey species and habitat. Environ. Entomol, 30: 617–627. Dousti, A.F. & Hayat, R. 2006. A Catalogue of the Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera) of Iran. J. Ent. Res. Soc. Turkey, 8(3): 5–38. Eckberg, J.O., Peterson, J.A. Borsh, C.P. Kaser, J.M. Johnson, G.A., Luhman, J.C. & Heimpel G.E. 2015. Field Abundance and Performance of Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) on Soybean Aphid. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 108(1): 26–34. Freier, B., Triltsch, H. Mowes, M. & Moll, E. 2007. The potential of predators in natural control of aphids in wheat: results of a ten-year field study in two German landscapes. BioControl, 52:775–788. Gilasian, E. 2002. The List of Diptera: Syrphidae, in the Hayk Mirzayans insect Museum of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute. 12: 27 pp. Gilasian, E. 2004. The first report of 6 genus and 21 species of syrphid flies from Iran. Newsletter of Entomological Society of Iran, 23: 1. Gilasian, E. 2005. New Record of one genus and six species of Syrphidae (Diptera) from Iran. Journal of Entomological society of Iran, 25(1): 76 pp. Gilasian, E. 2007. Review of Tribe Syrphini (Dip.: Syrphidae) of Iran. Journal of Entomological society of Iran, 27(1): 85–112. Gilasian, E. & Sorokina, V.S. 2011. The genus Paragus Latreille (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Iran, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2764: 49–60. Haenke, S., Scheid, B. Schaefer, M.T. Scharntke, T. & Thies, C. 2009. Increasing syrphid fly diversity & density in sown flower strips within simple vs. complex landscapes. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46: 1106–1114. Jabbari, A., Ahadiyat, A. & Hayat, R. 2013. Species diversity of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) and determination of the dominant species in Garmsar region. Plant protection journal, 5:13–21. (In Persian with English summary) Jalilian, F., Fathipour, Y. Talebi, A.A. & Sedaratian, A. 2010. Faunal and population studies of Syrphid flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Ilam. Environmental Sciences, 7: 73–86. (In Persian with English summary) Jervis, M.A. 2012. Insect natural enemies: practical approaches to their study and evaluation. Springer Science & Business Media. Kazerani, F., Talebi, A.A. & Gilasian, E. 2012a. New record of Spilomia triangulata Van Steenes, 2000 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Iran, Acta Entomologica Serbica, 17 (1/2): 39–44. Kazerani, F., Talebi, A.A. & Gilasian, E. 2012b. First record of Dasysyrphus tricinctus (Fallén, 1817) (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Iran. Ckecklist, 8(4): 771–773. Kazerani, F., Talebi, A.A. & Gilasian, E. 2012c. An annotated checklist of the subfamily Syrphinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Iran. Entomofauna,Band 34. Heft, 34: 517–556. Kazerani, F., Talebi, A.A. & Gilasian, E. 2014. Genus Epistrophe Walker, 1852 (Insects: Diptera: Syrphidae) in Northern Iran, with a new species record. Checklist, 10(1): 160–163. Kralicova, A. 2003. Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Ramsar locality NNR Pariske molare, П International Symposium on the Syrphidae. Biodiversity and Conservation 16-19th June 2003, Alicante, Spaine. CIBIO (ed.). Alicante, 139 pp. Laubertie, E. 2007. The role of resource subsidies in enhancing biological control of aphids by hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae). Ph.D. dissertation, Lincoln University. Macleod, A. 1999. Attraction and retention of Episyrphus balteatus De Geer at unarable field margin with rich and poor floral resources, Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 73: 237–244. Magurran, A.E. 1988. Ecological diversity and its measurement. 1 st ed. 179 pp. Croom Helm Ltd. Publishing, London. Magurran, A.E. 2013. Measuring biological diversity. John Wiley & Sons. Mahn, E.G. & Helmecke, K. 1979. Effects of herbicide treatments on the structure and functioning of agro-ecosystems II. Structural changes in the plant community after theapplication of herbicides over several years. Agro–Ecosystems, 5: 159–179. Margalef, R. 1957. Diversidad de species en las commundades naturals. Publications del instituto de biological aplicatae, 6:59–72. Mesdaghi, M. 2005. Plant ecology. Mashhad university publication. 187 Pp. (In Persian with English summary). Peck, L.V. 1988. Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L (edit.): Catalogue of Plaearctic Diptera, Vol. 8:11–230. Budapest. Pourbabaei, H., Shadram, S. & Khorasani, M. 2005. Comparison of plant biodiversity in Alnus subcordata L. and mixed Fraxinus excelsior- Acer insigne plantations, Tanian region, Someasara, Guilan, Iranian Journal of Biology, 17 (4): 357–368. Rodríguez-Gasol, N., Avilla, J. Alegre, S. & Alins, G. 2019. Sphaerophoria rueppelli adults change their foraging behavior after mating but maintain the same preferences to flower traits. BioControl, 64(2), 149–158. Sadeghi, H. 2003. A check list of Iranian hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae). International Symposium on the Syrphidae. Biodiversity and Conservation, Alicant. Spain. Cibio (ed.). Alicant. 139 pp. Sadeghi, H. & Gilbert, F. 2000. Oviposition preferences of aphidophagous hoverflies. Ecological Entomology, 25: 91–100. Schowalter, T. 1996. Insect ecology: an ecosystem approach. 479 pp. Oregon University Publishing. Shannon, C.E., & Wiener, W. 1963. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 31–35. Simpson, G.H. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature 163, 688. Smith, H.A., Chaney, W.E. & Bensen, T.A. 2008. Role of syrphid larvae and other predators in suppressing aphid infestations in organic lettuce on California’s Central Coast. Journal of Economic Entomology, 101: 1526–1532. Sommaggio, D. & Burgio, G. 2014. The use of Syrphidae as functional bioindicator to compare vineyards with different managements.Bulletin of Insectology, 67(1): 147–156. Southwood, T.R.E., & Henderson, P.A. 2009. Ecological Methods. Ecological methods. John Wiley & Sons., New York. Speight, M.C.D. & Sarthou, J.P. 2011. StN keys for the identification of adult European Syrphidae (Diptera), Glasgow 2011/Clés StN pour la détermination des adultes des Syrphidae Européens (Diptères), Glasgow. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae, 66. Speight, M.R., Hunter, M.D. & White, A.D. 2008. Ecology of insects: concepts and applications. (Translated by Ashori, A. & Kheradpir, N.). 579 pp. Tehran University Publishing Steyskal, G.C. 1983. Key to insects of European part of the USSR. Publication by Institute of Zoology Academy of USSR, 103: 10–149. Thomas, A.G. 1991. Floristic composition and relative abundance of weeds in annual crops of Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 71: 831–839. Thompson, F.C. 2012. Biosystematic Database of World Diptera.Version 7.5.Accessible at http://www.diptera.org/biosys.htm.Captured on 10 August 2012. Veisi, M., Minbashi, M. & Sabeti, P. 2012. Weed community structure, species diversity and weed mapping in irrigated wheat fields of Kermanshah Province. Iranian J. of Weed Res. 4: 77–96. (In Persian with English summary). Zargaran, M.R., Odisho, S., Babakhani, F.T. & Hoseinpour, B. 2011. Oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) species composition using diversity and similarity indexes across different locations of Oak forest, West-Azerbaijan, Iran. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 3(12): 637–649. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 287 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 358 |
||