| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,873 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,558 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 42,482,845 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 19,247,831 |
تأثیر محلول‌پاشی برگی با کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم در طی رشد و نمو بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی گیاه زرشک (Berberis vulgaris L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 35، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 98، بهمن و اسفند 1398، صفحه 1028-1043 اصل مقاله (715.06 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.126308.2561 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| افسانه حسینی1؛ فرید مرادی نژاد* 2؛ مهدی خیاط3؛ محمد حسین امینی فرد3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.1028.98.6.1578.41 کلسیم یکی از مهمترین عناصر معدنی است که در تعیین کیفیت میوه دخالت دارد. وجود ضایعات فراوان و اُفت کیفیت زرشک بی‌دانه در طی مراحل برداشت، پس از برداشت و نگهداری آن یکی از مشکلات مهم در مناطق تولید می‌باشد. محلول‌پاشی با عناصر معدنی می‌تواند از طریق تأمین مواد غذایی باعث افزایش کیفیت، عملکرد، بازارپسندی و کاهش خسارتهای بعد از برداشت گردد. ازاین‌رو در این مطالعه اثر محلول‌پاشی برگی کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی میوه زرشک در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل شاهد (آب‌مقطر)، کلرید کلسیم (0.5%) و نیترات کلسیم (0.5%) بودند. محلول‌پاشی در چهار مرحله از فصل رشد انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین تعداد خوشه در شاخه، تعداد حبه در خوشه، تعداد حبه در شاخه و عملکرد میوه در شاخه مربوط به تیمار کلرید کلسیم 0.5% و کمترین مقدار آنها در شاهد بود. تیمار کلرید کلسیم مورد مطالعه، منجر به افزایش وزن تَر، قطر و طول شاخه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد شد. حداکثر مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و کل در برگ‌های درختان شاهد مشاهده گردید. اثر تیمارهای کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم بر کیفیت ظاهری و بافت میوه زرشک معنی‌دار بود، اگرچه بر خصوصیات شیمیایی میوه اثری نداشت. به‌طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی برگی با نمک‌های کلرید کلسیم و نیترات کلسیم موجب بهبود ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی میوه‌ها نسبت به شاهد شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| حبه؛ سفتی؛ عملکرد؛ کلروفیل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of foliar application with calcium chloride and calcium nitrate during growth and development stages on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of barberry fruit (Berberis vulgaris L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Hosseini1؛ F. Moradinezhad2؛ M. Khayyat3؛ M.H. Aminifard3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student of Horticultural Science, Department of Horticultural Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Horticultural Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Calcium is one of the most important minerals involved in determining the quality of the fruit. Excessive waste and quality loss of seedless barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) during harvesting, post-harvest, and storage are some of the important problems in production areas. Foliar application with minerals can increase the quality, yield, marketability, and reduce post-harvest losses through the provision of plant nutritional needs. Therefore, in this study, the effect of foliar application of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of barberry fruit was carried out in a randomized complete block design. Treatments included control (distilled water), calcium chloride (0.5%), and calcium nitrate (0.5%). The foliar spray was performed in four stages of the growing season. The results showed that the highest mean number of panicles per branch, the number of berries per panicle, the number of berries per branch, and the fruit yield on the branches belonged to the calcium chloride treatment and the lowest amount in the control. The calcium chloride treatment increased the fresh weight diameter and length of branch compared to the control treatment. The highest amount of chlorophylls a and b and total chlorophyll was observed in the leaves of control trees. The effect of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate treatments on the appearance quality and texture of barberry fruit was significant, although it did not affect the chemical properties of the fruit. In general, the results showed that foliar application with calcium chloride and calcium nitrate salts improved the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruit compared to control. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.), firmness, yield, chlorophyll | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abdur, R. and Ihsan-ul, H., 2012. Foliar application of calcium chloride and borax influences plant growth, yield, and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit. Turkish Journal of Agriculture, 36: 695-701. - Aboot, J.A. and Conway, W.S., 2000. Postharvest calcium choloride infiltration affects textural attributes of apples. Journal of American Horticulture Science, 114: 932-936. - Angeletti, P., Castagnasso, H., Miceli, E., Terminiello, L., oncellón, A., Chaves, A. and Vicente, A.R., 2010. Effect of preharvest calcium applications on postharvest quality, softening and cell wall degradation of two blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) varieties. Postharvest Biology & Technology, 58: 98-103. - Aquino, SD., Palma, A., Tedde, M. and Fronteddue, F., 2004. Effects of preharvest and postharvest calcium treatments on chilling injury and decay of cold stored Fortune mandarins. 5th International Postharvest Symposium, Verona, Italy, 6 June. - Ashoori, M., Lolaei, A., Zamani, S., Ahmadian, E. and Mobasheri, S., 2013. Optimizing quality and quantity parameters of apple cv. ‘Red Delicious‘ by adjustment of calcium and nitrogen. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 5: 868-874. - Ashouri, M., Ghasemnezhad, M., Ebrahimi, R. and Sabouri, A., 2012. Evaluation of storage life in kiwifruit cv, Hayward based on mineral composition of fruitlets and mature fruits. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 44: 431-441. - Blois, M.S., 1958. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature, 181: 1199-1200. - Brown, G., Wilson, S., Boucher, W., Graham, B. and McGlasson, B., 1995. Effects of copper-calcium sprays on fruit cracking in sweet cherry (Prunus avium). Scientia Horticulturae, 62: 75-80. - Capdeville, G.D., Maffia, L.A., Finger, F.L. and Batista, U.G., 2003. Gray mold severity and vase life of rose buds after pulsing with citric acid, salicylic acid, calcium sulfate, sucrose and silver thiosulfate. Phytopatology, 28: 380-385. - Chardonnet, C.O., Charron, C.S., Sams, C.E. and William, S., 2003. Conway chemical changes in thecortical tissue and cell walls of calcium-infiltrated ‘Golden Delicious’ apples during storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 28: 97-111. - Chuah, A.M., Lee, Y.C., Yamaguchi, T., Takamura, H., Yin, L.J. and Matoba, T., 2008. Effect of cooking on the antioxidant properties of coloured peppers. Food chemistry, 111: 20-28. - Conway, W.S., 2000. Postharvest calcium treatment of apple fruit to provide broadspectrum protection against postharvest pathogens. Journal of plant diseases and protection, 75: 620-622. - Cooper, T., Gargiullo, S. and Retamales, J., 2007. Effect of calcium content and calcium application on softening of 'Hayward' kiwifruit. Acta Horticulturae, 753: 297-304. - Dolatabadian, A., Sanavy, S.A.M.M., Gholamhoseini, M., Joghan, A.K., Majdi, M. and Kashkooli, A.B., 2013. The role of calcium in improving photosynthesis and related physiological and biochemical attributes of spring wheat subjected to simulated acid rain. Journal Physiology Molecular Biology of Plants, 19: 189-198. - El-Hammady, A.M., Abdel- Hamid, N., Saleh, M. and Saleh, A., 2000. Effects of gibberelic acid and calcium chloride treatment on delaying maturity, quality strobility of Blaydy mandarin fruits. Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8: 755-766. - Esmal, C.E. and Duval, J.R., 2004. The influence of calcium thiosulfate on yield and postharvest quality oh “stweet Charlie” strawberry. Journal American Society Hortscience, 117: 48-51. - Farag, K.M. and Nagy, N.M.N., 2012. Effect of pre- and post- harvest calcium and magnesium compounds and their combination treatments on “Anna” apple fruit quality and shelf life. Journal of Horticultural Science & Ornamental Plants, 4: 155-168. - Faust, M., 1989. Physiology of Temperate Zone Fruit Trees: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 338p. - Fozouni, M., Abbaspour, N. and Dolati Baneh, H., 2012. Leaf water potential, photosynthetic pigments and compatible solutes alterations in four grape cultivars under salinity. Vitis, 51: 147-152. - Ghesmati, M., Moradinezhad, F. and Khayat, M., 2018. Efficacy of some calcium salts foliar spray on growth and biochemical parameters of jujube fruit (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). Journal of Plant Productions (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 41: 25-36. - Gupta, N., Jawandha, S.K. and Gill, P.S., 2011. Effect of calcium on cold storage and post-storage quality of peach. Journal of Food Science Technology, 48: 225-229. - Jennifer, R., Sada, D.F. and Khanizadeh, S., 1999. The factorial effects on firmness tissue fruit apple. Compact Fruit Tree, 32p. - Kafi, M. and Balandri, A., 2002. Berberis, Technology and Processes of Production. Zaban and Adab Publication, 210p. - Kafi, M., Nabaty, J., Zare Mehrjardi, M., Goldani, M., Khaninejad, S., Kashmiri, E. and Norouzian, A., 2013. Investigation of the improving effects of calcium and potassium on physiological characteristics of kochia (Scoparia Kochia). Journal of Environmental Stress in Crop Sciences, 5(2): 192-181. - Kashi, A.K., 1994. Vegetables. Textbook of Horticulture College, Tehran University, 124p. - Kassem, H., Al-Obeed, R., Ahmed, M. and Omar, A., 2011. Productivity, fruit quality and profitability of jujube trees improvement by preharvest application of agro-chemicals. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 9: 628-637. - Khayyat, M., Tafazoli, E., Eshghi, S., Rahemi, M. and Rajaee, S., 2007. Salinity, supplementary calcium and potassium effects on fruit yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.). American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2: 539-544. - Knypl, J. and Rennert, A., 1970. Stimulation of growth and chlorophyll synthesis in detached cotyledons of cucumber by potassium. Journal Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenphysiologie, 62: 97-107. - Krizek, D.T., Britz, S.J. and Mirecki, R.M., 1998. Inhibitory effects of ambient levels of solar UV A and UV B radiation on growth of cv. New Red Fire lettuce. Physiologia Plantarum, 103: 1-7. - Lichtenthaler, H.K., 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148: 350-382. - Lolaei, A., Rezaei, M.A., Khorrami Rad, M. and Kaviani, B., 2012. Effects of salinityand calcium on the growth, ion concentration and yield of Oilve (Olea europaea L.) trees. Journal of Annals of Biological Research, 3: 4675-4679. - Lolaei, A., 2012. The study of the effect N, B and Ca on vegetative and sexual growth of strawberry. Journal of Plant and Ecosystem, 29: 43-52. - Marschner, H., 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press, 889p. - Marschner., P., 2012. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 3rd edition. Academic Press, 651p. - Mass, J.L., 1984. Compendium of strawberry diseases. Published by the American phytopathological society, in cooperation with Agricultural Research service USA Department of Agriculture, 15-18. - Naphun, W., Kawada, K., Matsui, T., Yoshida, Y. and Kusunoki, M.J.K.J.N.S., 1997. Effects of calcium spray on the quality of ‘Nyoho’strawberries grown by peat-bag-substrate bench culture. The Kasetsart Journal (Natural Science), 32: 9-14. - Nasiri, Y., Zehtab-Salmasi, S., Nasrullahzadeh, S., Najafi, N. and Ghassemi-Golezani, K., 2010. Effects of foliar application of micronutrients (Fe and Zn) on flower yield and essential oil of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4: 1733-1737. - Nikkhah, S.H., 2011. Effects of harvesting date and CaCl2 concentration on storage quality of pear (Cv. "Spadona" and cv. "Coscia"). Horticultural Science, 25: 243-250. - Ochmian, I., 2012. The impact of foliar application of calcium fertilizers on the quality of highbush blueberry fruits belonging to the ‘Duke’ cultivar. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici, 40: 163-169. - Ramezanian, A., Rahemi, M. and Vazifehshenas, M.R., 2009. Effects of foliar application of calcium chloride and urea on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruits. Scientia Horticulturae, 121: 171-175. - Ranjbar, H., Hassanpour, M., Askari, M.A., Samizade Lahiji, H.A. and Bani Asadi, A., 2007. The effect of calcium chloride, water and polyethylene coating on affect storability and quality of fruit (cv: Malas Saveh). Journal of Food Science and Industry, 2: 4. - Roys, K.S., 1986. Leat Characteristics of apple dwarfing rootstock fruit varities. Journal, 40:71-79. Rozpada, E. and Grzyb, Z., 2004. Some factors influencing sweet cherry production. Postepy Nauk Rolniczych, 4: 49-57. - Rubio, J.S., Garcia-Sanchez, F., Rubio, F. and Martınez, V., 2009. Yield, blossom-end rot incidence, and fruit quality in pepper plants under moderate salinity are affected by K+ and Ca2+ fertilization. Scientia Horticulturae, 119: 79-87. - Saftner, R., Conway, W. and Sams, C., 2004. Effects of postharvest calcium and fruit coating treaments on postharvest life, quality maintenance, and fruit-surface injury in, apples. Journal of the American Society Horticultural Science, 123: 294-298. - Saure, M.C., 2005. Calcium translocation to fleshy fruit: its mechanism and endogenous control. Journal Scientia Horticulturae, 105: 65-89. - Sharma, R.R., Singh, D. and Pal, R.K., 2013. Synergistic influence of pre-harvest calcium sprays and postharvest hot water treatment on fruit firmness, decay, bitter pit incidence and postharvest quality of royal delicious apples (Malus x domestica Borkh.). American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4: 153-159. - Singh, R., Sharma, R.R. and Tyagi, S.K., 2007. Pre-harvest foliar application of calcium and boron influences physiological disorders, fruit yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.). Scientia Horticulturae, 112: 215-220. - Singh, R.S. and Ram, S., 1983. Studies on the use of plant growth substances for fruit retention in mango cv. Dashehari. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 40: 188. - Smit, J. and Combrink, N., 2005. Pollination and yield of winter-grown greenhouse tomatoes as affected by boron nutrition, cluster vibration and relative humidity. South African Journal of Plant and Soil, 22: 110-115. - Subburmau, S.M. and Nazar, A., 1992. Preharvest spray of calcium in grapes. Horticultural Science Abstracts, 62(10): 958. - Swain, T., 1965. Analytical methods for flavonoids. Academic Press: London, UK, 541p. - Taylor, K.C. and Brannen, P., 2008. Effects of foliar calcium application on peach fruit quality, shelf-life and fruit rot. Proceedings of of Albion Conference on Plant Nutrition USA, 22 January: 1-11. - Tsantili, E., Christopoulos, M.V., Pontikis, C.A., Kaltsikes, P., Kallianou, C. and Komaitis, M., 2008. Texture and other quality attributes in olives and leaf characteristics after pre-harvest calcium chloride sprays. HortScience, 34: 1852-1856. - Tzoutzoukou, C.G. and Bouranis, D.L., 2002. Effect of preharvest application of calcium on the postharvest physiology of apricot fruit. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 20: 295-309. - Valero, D., Perez-vicente, A., Martinz-Romero, D., Castillo, S., Guillen, F. and Serrano, M., 2002. Plum storability improved after calcium and heat postharvest treatments: Role of polyamines. Food Science, 67: 2571-2575. - Vamos-Vigyazo, L., 1981. Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in fruits and vegetables. CRC Critical Review of Food Nutrition, 15: 49-127. - Vedel, H. and Lange, J., 1973. Trees and Bushes in Wood and Hedgerow. Eyre Methuen ltd London, 224p. - Vestrheim, S., 1970. Effects of chemical compounds on anthocyanin formation in 'Mclntosh'apple skin. Journal of the Proceedings American Society for Horticultural Science, 95: 712-715. - Vitrac, X., Larronde, F., Krisa, S., Decendit, A., Deffieux, G. and Mérillon, J-M., 2000. Sugar sensing and Ca2+–calmodulin requirement in Vitis vinifera cells producing anthocyanins. Journal Phytochemistry, 53: 659-665. - Wojcik, P. and Lewandowski, M., 2003. Effect of calcium and boron sprays on yield and quality of ‘‘Elsanta” strawberry. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 6: 671-682. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,250 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 511 |
||