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اثر شکل فیزیکی جیره های غذایی (آردی، پلت و اکسترود) بر ویژگی های بستر، خصوصیات کیفی پا، سینه و شاخص های استخوان درشت نی در جوجه های گوشتی | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 31، شماره 120، آذر 1397، صفحه 159-172 اصل مقاله (1.74 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2018.116737.1590 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهتاب عزیزیان1؛ علی اصغر ساکی* 2؛ اکبر یعقوبفر3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه طیور، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان. | ||
| 2استاد گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان | ||
| 3استاد موسسه علوم دامی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از تحقیق ارزیابی اثر شکل فیزیکی جیره های غذایی آردی، پلت و اکسترود بر ویژگی‌های بستر، خصوصیات کیفی پا، سینه و شاخص‌های استخوان درشت نی بود. بدین منظور تعداد 936 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یک‌روزه نژاد راس 308 با 3 تیمار آزمایشی و 12 تکرار و 26 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به مدت 6 هفته پرورش داده شد. کیفیت فیزیکی بستر (pH، رطوبت، نیتروژن و ازت فرار) و جمعیت میکروبی بستر (باکتری‌های اسپورزا، قارچ‌ها، باکتری‌های هوازی کل)، ناهنجاری‌های پا و لاشه (لنگش، زخم کف پا، سوختگی مفصل خرگوشی، زخم سینه) و عناصر معدنی (کلسیم و فسفر) و شاخص‌های استخوان درشت نی (طول، قطر، وزن، درصد وزنی، قدرت شکنندگی) در روز 42 روزگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و تلفات به‌صورت روزانه ثبت شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که در تیمار اکسترود درصد رطوبت، نیتروژن و میزان ازت فرار بستر بیشتر و جمعیت باکتری اسپورزا و کل قارچ بستر کمتر از تیمارهای دیگر بوده است . اثر تیمارهای آزمایشی بر درصد زخم کف پا، زخم سینه، کلسیم و فسفر استخوان و شاخص‌های استخوانی درشت نی غیر معنی‌دار بود. درصد سوختگی مفصل خرگوشی و لنگش و تلفات در تیمار اکسترود و پلت بیشتر از تیمار آردی بوده است. بنابراین شکل خوراک پلت و اکسترود در مقایسه با خوراک آردی اثرات منفی روی درصد رطوبت، نیتروژن و میزان ازت فرار بستر و درصد تلفات داشته و باعث افزایش وقوع سوختگی مفصل خرگوشی و لنگش در جوجه های گوشتی گشته است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جوجه گوشتی؛ شکل خوراک؛ بستر؛ مشکلات پا؛ لاشه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Feed Form (Mash, Pellet and Extrude) on Characteristics of Litter, Quality Characteristics of Foot and Breast and Tibia Bone Indices in Broiler Chicken | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahtab Azizian1؛ Ali asghar Saki2؛ Akbar Yaghobfar3 | ||
| 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Animal Science, Bu-Ali Sina university, Faculty of Agriculture | ||
| 3Animal Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of the feed form on characteristics of litter, quality characteristics of foot and breast and tibia bone indices in broilers. A total of 936 broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 3 treatments (mash, pellet and extrude) with 12 replicates and 26 day-old chicks in each pen that were reared for 6 weeks. Litter quality (PH, Moisture, Total volatile nitrogen (TVN) and nitrogen retention) values, the counts of the microbial populations (bacterial and fungi), foot and carcass lesions (lameness, footpad lesions, hock burns and breast blisters), calcium and phosphorus content of tibia bone and tibia bone characteristics (length, diameter, weight, weight percent, strength of fragility) were determined at 42 days of age and mortality was recorded daily. The results have shown that the greater percentage of the moisture, TVN, nitrogen and the lower counts of the spore bacteria and fungi of litter were found by extrude diet form. There is no significant difference on footpad dermatitis, breast blister, calcium and phosphorus of bone and tibia bone characteristics, but the higher rate of hock burns, lameness and percentage of the mortality were observed by pellet and extrude diet form compared with mash diet form in broiler chicken. So pellet and extrude diet form have shown negative effects on values of the moisture, TVN, nitrogen of litter and percentage of mortality and increased incidence of hock burn and lameness in broilers compared with mash diet form. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Broiler, Feed form, Litter, Foot disorder, Carcass | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. 19(2): 247-254. | ||
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