| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,028 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,882 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,253,467 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 60,284,455 |
بررسی اثر عملیات کپه کاری بر تغییرات بانک بذر خاک (مطالعه موردی: زیرحوزه سیساب خراسان شمالی) | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 18، دوره 25، شماره 3، آذر 1397، صفحه 686-698 اصل مقاله (682.68 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2018.117818 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نادیا کمالی1؛ احمد صادقی پور* 2؛ علیرضا افتخاری1 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکده کویر شناسی دانشگاه سمنان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تغییرات بانک بذر خاک در اجرای عملیات اصلاحی کپه‌کاری در منطقه سیساب استان خراسان شمالی انجام شد. جهت شناخت پتانسیل‌های بانک بذر نمونه‌برداری به روش تصادفی- سیستماتیک از دو عمق 5-0 و 10-5 سانتی متری در زمستان 1394 در 40 پلات انجام شد. 2 ترانسکت (به طول پانصد متر) در منطقه کپه کاری شده و 2 ترانسکت (به طول پانصد متر) در منطقه شاهد (فاقد کپه کاری) مستقر گردید و 10 پلات (یک متر مربعی) به فاصله های 50 متری از هم در امتداد آنها تعیین گردید. جهت بررسی تأثیر عملیات کپه‌کاری و عمق و همچنین اثر متقابل آنها بر روی خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک از آزمایش فاکتوریل استفاده گردید. در مواردی که اثر متقابل عملیات کپه‌کاری و عمق معنی‌دار شد از آزمون t غیر جفتی جهت بررسی مقایسه هر کدام از خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک هر کدام از عمق‌های خاک بین منطقه کپه‌کاری شده و شاهد استفاده شد. همچنین جهت مقایسه هر کدام از خصوصیات بذر خاک بین دو عمق از آزمون t جفتی استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد عملیات کپه‌کاری تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک گذاشته است و تراکم، تنوع و غنای گونه‌ای بانک بذر خاک در منطقه کپه‌کاری به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از منطقه شاهد بود. همچنین تمامی خصوصیات بانک بذر عمق سطحی خاک به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از عمق پایینی بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که اجرای طرح کپه‌کاری نه تنها سبب افزایش تولید علوفه در منطقه شده است بلکه تنوع و تراکم بذور در بانک بذر را نیز در این منطقه افزایش داده است که نتیجه نهایی آن بهبود عملکرد اکوسیستم مرتعی خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| انک بذر خاک؛ تراکم؛ تنوع گونه‌ای؛ سیساب؛ عملیات کپه کاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of pit-seeding on changes in soil seed bank (Case study: Sisab, North Khorasan) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nadia Kamali1؛ ahmad sadeghipour2؛ Alireza Eftekhari1 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Desert studies faculty, Semnan University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the soil seed bank of Sisab region due to the pit-seeding operation. To recognize the seed bank potentials, sampling was done using a randomized-systematic method at tow depths of 0-5 and 5-10 cm in winter 2016. Two transects of 500-m length were stablished in the pit-seeding region and in the control area and 10 plots of 1m2 were used along each transect. To study the effects of pit-seeding and soil depth as well as their interaction on the soil seed bank characteristics, a factorial design was applied. In the case that the interaction between pit-seeding and depth was significant, the unpaired T-test was applied to study the seed bank characteristics in each depth of the pit-seeding and control regions. A paired T-test was also used to compare the seed bank characteristics between the two depths. The results showed that pit-seeding had significant effect on soil seed bank characteristics and caused to increased density, diversity, and species richness of seed bank. In addition, all characteristics of the soil seed bank were significantly higher in the top soil. Our results clearly showed that the pit-seeding operation not only increased the forage production in the study area but also increased the diversity and seed density, whose ultimate result could improve the rangeland ecosystem function. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Soil seed bank, Density, species diversity, Sisab, pit-seeding | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Agassi, M. J., Bahmanyar, M. A. and Akbarzade, M., 2006. Comparison of grazing and water distribution on soil and vegetation in pastures Aml-Hay Kiasar, Mazandaran Province. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 13 (4): 73-84. - Amozgar, L., Ghorbani, J., Shokri, M. and Zali, S. H., 2015. Comparing the vegetation and soil seed bank in six vegetation types of lowland rangelands in Behshahr, Mazandaran province. Journal of Rangeland, 8(4): 351-362. - Auld, T. D., Keith, D. A. and Bradstock, R. A., 2000. Patterns in longevity of soil seed banks in fire-prone communities of south-eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Botany, 48: 539-548. - Azarnivand, H. and Zare chahouki, M. A., 2008. Range improvement, Tehran University Press, 385p. - Azimi, R., Khajehossein, M. and Falahpour, F., 2014. Characterization of seed germination of Bromes (Bromus kopetdaghensis Drobov) treatments at different temperatures. Rangeland and Watershed Management, 67 (2): 253-261. - Baskin, C. C., Baskin, J. M. and Chester, E. W., 1993. Seed germination ecophysiology of four summer annual mudflat species of Cyperaceae. Aquatic Botany, 45: 41-52. - Bekker, R., Verweij, G., Smith, R., Rrine, R., Bakker, J. P. and Schneider, S., 1977. Soil Seed Bank in European Grasslands. Dose Landuse Affect Regeneration Perspectives? Journal of Applied Ecology, 34: 1293- 1310. - Bell, D. T., 1999. The process of germination in Australian species. Australian Journal of Botany, 47: 475-517. - Bertiller, M. B. and Ares, J. O., 2011. Does sheep selectivity along grazing paths negatively affect biological crusts and soil seed banks in arid shrub lands? A case study in the Patagonian Monte, Argentina. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(8): 2091-2096. - Chaideftou, E., Thanos, C. A., Bergmeier, E., Kallimanis A. and Dimopoulos, P., 2009. Seed bank composition and above-ground vegetation in response to grazing in sub-Mediterranean oak forests (NW Greece). Plant Ecology, 201(1): 255-265. - Daneshgar, M., Erfanzadeh, R. and Ghelichnia, H., 2013. Study on the effect of exclosure on soil seed bank density, richness and similarity with aboveground in sub-alpine rangeland of Plour. Iranian Journal of Forests and Rangelands Protection Research, 11(2): 69-78. - Dehghan, A., 2010. The effect of reducing biological operations on vegetation and soil properties (CASE STUDY: Kabir river catchment areas). Range MA thesis, Department of Natural Resources Sari, Mazandaran University, Sari, 103 p. - Erfanzadeh, R., Kamali, P., Ghelichnia, H. and Petillon, J., 2016. Effect of grazing removal on aboveground vegetation and soil seed bank composition in sub-alpine grasslands of northern Iran. Journal of Plant Ecology & Diversity, 9(3): 309-320. - Godefroid, S., Phartyal, S. S. and Koedam, N., 2006. Depth distribution and composition of seed banks under different tree layers in a managed temperate forest ecosystem. Acta Oecologica, 29(3): 283-292. - Grime, J. P. and Hillier, S. H., 1992. The contribution of seedling regeneration to the structure and dynamics of plant communites and large units of landscape. In Fenner, M.(Eds), seed: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities, 349-360. - Gross, K. L., 1990. A comparison of methods for estimating seed numbers in the soil. Journal of Ecology, 78(4): 1079-1093. - Haag, R. W., 1983. Emergence of seedlings of aquatic macrophysics from lake sediments. Canadian Journal of Botany, 61: 148-156. - Hossein Zadeh, G., Jalilvand, C. And Tamartash, R., 2007. Changes in vegetation and some soil chemical properties in different grazing pastures with ShdtHay. Quarterly Scientific Research and desertification of pasture, 14 (4): 500-512. - Jacquemyn, H., Carmen, Van, M., Brys, R. and Honnay, O., 2011. Management effects on the vegetation and soil seed bank of calcareous grasslands: An 11-year experiment. Biological Conservation, 144:416-422. - Kamali, P., 2012. Comparison of soil seed bank density, richness, diversity and similarity with aboveground vegetation between grazed and ungrazed region. A thesis presented for the M.Sc. degree, Tarbiat Modares University, 87p. - Kamali, P. and Efranzadeh, R., 2012. Study of the Relationship between Cover Surface and Seed Bank (Case Study: Waza Basin). Rangeland, 8(2): 57-63. - Mesdaghi, M., 2001. Vegetation description and analysis. Mashhad University Jihad Publications, 228p. - Mirsaeidi, R., 2001. Soil samples in the preparation of management plans shrub. Proceedings of the Second National Seminar on pasture and rangeland, Iran-Tehran, 16 to 18 February, 674 p. - Moghaddam, M. R., 1998. Range and Range Management. University of Tehran Press, 470p. - Nazari, S., Ghorbani, J., Zali, S.H. and Tamartash, R., 2016. Effects of livestock grazing and invasion of Stachys byzantina on some vegetation indices (Case study: mountain grassland in the northern slopes of Alborz). Journal of Rangeland, 10(1): 27-40. - Nicol, J. M., Muston, S., D’Santos, P., McCarthy, B. and Zukowski, S., 2007. Impact of sheep grazing on the soil seed bank of a managed ephemeral wetland: implications for management. Australian Journal of Botany, 55(2): 103-109. - Özaslan parlak, A., Gokkus, A. and Demiray, H. C., 2011. Soil Seed Bank and Aboveground Vegetation in Grazing Lands of Southern Marmara, Turkey. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agro botanic Cluj-Napocaو 39)1(: 96-106. - Palmer, M. A., Ambrose, R. F. and Poff, N. L., 1997. Ecological theory and community restoration ecology. Restoration Ecology 5: 291-300. - Pazos, G. E. and Bertiller, M. B., 2008. Spatial patterns of the germinable soil seed bank of coexisting perennial-grass species in grazed shrub lands of the Patagonian Monte. Plant Ecology, 198(1): 11-120. - Plassmann, K., Nigel, B., Laurence J. M. and Garet, E. J., 2009. Can soil seed banks contribute to the restoration of dune slacks under conservation management? Applied Vegetation Science, 12: 199-210. - Rokhfirooz, G., Ghorbani, J., Shokri, M. and Jafarian Jelodar, Z., 2011. Effect of rangeland rehabilitation and restoration on composition and diversity of species seeds in the soil. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 18(2): 322-335. - Rouhforouz, P., 2011. Identification of species composition and amount of seeds in the soil after biological reclamation practices (Case Study: Literacy Great River Basin Mountain). MA thesis range, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Sari, 91p. - Sadeghipour, A. and Kamali, P., 2013. Study of ground cover and soil seed bank (Case Study: Vaz Watershed). Journal of Rangeland, 6: 330-339. - Shang, Z., Yang, S., Wang, Y., Shi, J. and Ding, L., 2016. Soil seed bank and its relation with above-ground vegetation alongthe degraded gradients of alpine meadow. Ecological Engineering, 90: 268-277. - Solomon, T.B., Snyman, H.A. and Smit, G.N., 2006. Soil seed bank characteristics in relation to land use system sand distance from water in semi-arid rangeland of southern Ethiopia. South African Journal of Botany, 72: 263-271. - Thompson, K. & J.P Grime, 1979. Seasonal variation in the seed banks of herbaceous species in ten contrasting habitats. Journal of Ecology, 67: 893-921. - Tompson, K., Bakker, J. and Bekker, R., 1997. The soil seed banks of North West Europe: methodology, density and lon-gevity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 350 p. - Wellstein, C., Otte, A. and Waldhardt, R., 2007. Seed bank diversity in mesic grasslands in relation to vegetation type management and site conditions. Journal of Vegetation Science, 18(2): 153-162. - Wen-Ming, B., Xue-Mei, B. and Lhng-Hao, Y.C., 2004. Effects of Agriophyllum squarrosum seed bank on its colonization in a moving and dune in Hunshandake sand land of China. Journal of Arid Environment, 59: 151-157. - Wolters, M. and Bakker, J. P., 2002. Soil seed bank and driftline composition along a successional gradient on a temperate salt-marsh. Applied Vegetation Science, 5(1): 55-62. - Yoshihara, Y., Ohkuro, T., Bunveibaatar, B., Jamsran, U. and Takeuchi, K., 2010. Spatial pattern of grazing affects influence of herbivores on spatial heterogeneity of plants and soils. Oecologia, 162(2): 427-434. - Yousefi, H., Erfanzadeh, R. and Esmaeilzadeh, O., 2015. Impact of wild boar (Sus scrofa) disturbances on diversity and richness indices of soil seed bank in the rangeland plant communities. Journal of Rangeland, 9(1): 55-65. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 783 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 417 |
||