| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,081 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,366 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,831,589 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,854,879 |
جایگزینی بخشی از کنجاله سویا با منبع نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش در گاوهای شیری: عملکرد و پیامدهای اقتصادی | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| مقاله 17، دوره 30، شماره 117، اسفند 1396، صفحه 203-214 اصل مقاله (1.27 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2017.109965.1426 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| داود زحمتکش* 1؛ مقداد جهانی مقدم2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه زنجان | ||
| 2باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی جایگزینی بخشی از کنجاله سویا با منبع نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش در گاوهای شیری بر تولید شیر، ترکیب شیر و پیامدهای اقتصادی آن بود. بدین منظور، 44 رأس گاو شیرده با میانگین روزهای شیردهی 39±193 و میانگین تعداد زایش 1/4±1/3 به‌صورت تصادفی به دو تیمار آزمایشی (جیره شاهد (جیره حاوی کنجاله سویا) و جیره حاوی نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش (حاوی 0/75 درصد ماده خشک جیره منبع نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش)) اختصاص یافتند. جیره‌ها به‌صورت کاملاً مخلوط شده و در حد اشتها خورانده شدند. تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر و نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون اندازه گیری گردیدند. تولید شیر، درصد چربی، درصد پروتئین، تعداد سلول های بدنی شیر و نیتروژن اوره ای خون بین دو تیمار تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشتند (0/05<P). سود مازاد بر هزینه خوراک در تیمار حاوی نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد به‌صورت معنی داری بالاتر بود (0/01>P). شبیه سازی اقتصادی، با استفاده از پاسخ تولید شیر مشاهده شده، نشان داد که تغییر در درآمد مازاد بر هزینه خوراک در تکمیل بخش باقی مانده با سبوس گندم بالاترین بود. تحت شرایط این پژوهش، جایگزینی بخشی از کنجاله سویا با منبع نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش منجر به بهبود پیامدهای اقتصادی شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| منبع نیتروژن غیر پروتئینی آهسته رهش؛ درآمد مازاد بر هزینه خوراک؛ تولید شیر؛ گاو شیرده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Partial replacement of soybean meal with slow releasing non protein nitrogen source in dairy cows: performance and economic implications | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Davood Zahmatkesh1؛ Meghdad Jahani-Moghadam2 | ||
| 2Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The objective of this research was to evaluate the partial replacement of soybean meal with a slow-release source of non-protein nitrogen in the dairy cattle ration on milk production, milk composition and economic implications. Forty-four cows with an average 193±39 days in milk and the average parity number of 3.1 ± 1.4 were assigned to one of the following treatments: the control ration (containing soybean meal), and the experimental ration containing non-protein nitrogen slow-release (0.75% of diet DM as slow-release source of non-protein nitrogen). The diets were fed to cows as total mixed ration and ad libitum. Milk production, milk composition, and blood urea nitrogen were measured. Milk yield, milk fat and protein percentage, somatic cell count, and blood urea nitrogen were not influenced by treatments (P >0.05). Income over feed cost (IOFC) for the diet containing non-protein nitrogen slow-release was significantly higher compared with the control treatment (P<0.01). Economic simulations, using the observed milk yield response, indicated that the change in IOFC was the highest when the remaining of diet was completed with wheat bran. Under conditions of this study, partial replacement of soybean meal with slow-release source of non-protein nitrogen resulted in improved economic outcomes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| slow releasing non protein nitrogen source, income over feed cost, milk production, milking cow | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
AOAC. (1995). Official Methods of Analysis (16th Ed.). Association Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. Chalupa, W. (2007). Precision feeding of nitrogen to lactating dairy cows: a role for Optigen® II. In: Nutritional biotechnology in the feed and food industries: Proceedings of Alltech's 23rd Annual Symposium. The new energy crisis: food, feed or fuel?. Alltech UK. pp. 221- 226. Fernandez, J.M., Croom, W.J., Tate, L.P. and Johnson, A.D. (1990). Subclinical ammonia toxicity in steers: effects on hepatic and portal-drained visceral flux of metabolites and regulatory hormones. Journal of animal science. 68(6): 1726-1742. Galo, E., Emanuele, S.M., Sniffen, C.J., White, J.H. and Knapp, J.R. (2003). Effects of a polymer-coated urea product on nitrogen metabolism in lactating Holstein dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. 86(6): 2154-2162. Golombeski, G.L., Kalscheur, K.F., Hippen, A.R. and Schingoethe, D.J. (2006). Slow-release urea and highly fermentable sugars in diets fed to lactating dairy cows. Journal of dairy science. 89(11): 4395-4403. Gustafsson, A.H. and Palmquist, D.L. (1993). Diurnal variation of rumen ammonia, serum urea, and milk urea in dairy cows at high and low yields. Journal of dairy science. 76(2): 475-484. Harrison, G.A., Meyer, M.D. and Dawson, K.A. (2008). Effect of Optigen and dietary neutral detergent fiber level on fermentation, digestion, and N flow in rumen-simulating fermenters. Journal of dairy science. 91(Suppl. 1): 489. Herrera-Saldana, R. and Huber, J.T. (1989). Influence of Varying Protein and Starch Degradabilities on Performance of Lactating Cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 72(6): 1477-1483. Highstreet, A., Robinson, P.H., Robison, J. and Garrett, J.G. (2010). Response of Holstein cows to replacing urea with a slowly rumen released urea in a diet high in soluble crude protein. Livestock Science. 129(1): 179-185. Hristov, A.N. and Jouany, J.P. (2005). Factors affecting the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in the rumen. pp.117-166. In: A.N. Hristov and E. Pfeffer (eds.), Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrition of Cattle and Environment. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. Huntington, G.B., Harmon, D.L., Kristensen, N.B., Hanson, K.C. and Spears, J.W. (2006). Effects of a slow-release urea source on absorption of ammonia and endogenous production of urea by cattle. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 130(3): 225-241. Inostroza, J.F., Cabrera, V.E., Shaver, R.D., and Tricarico, J.M. (2009). Evaluation of the economic impact of Optigen use in commercial dairy herd diets with varying feed and milk prices. Journal of dairy science. 92(E-Suppl. 1): 43(Abstr.). Inostroza, J.F., Shaver, R.D., Cabrera, V.E. and Tricarico, J.M. (2010). Effect of diets containing a controlled-release urea product on milk yield, milk composition, and milk component yields in commercial Wisconsin dairy herds and economic implications. The Professional Animal Scientist. 26(2): 175-180. Kertz, A.F. (2010). Review: urea feeding to dairy cattle: a historical perspective and review. The Professional Animal Scientist. 26(3): 257-272. Mapato, C., Wanapat, M., and Cherdthong, A. (2010). Effects of urea treatment of straw and dietary level of vegetable oil on lactating dairy cows. Tropical animal health and production. 42(8): 1635-1642. Neal, K., Eun, J.S., Young, A.J., Mjoun, K. and Hall, J.O. (2014). Feeding protein supplements in alfalfa hay-based lactation diets improves nutrient utilization, lactational performance, and feed efficiency of dairy cows. Journal of dairy science. 97(12): 7716-7728. NRC. (2001). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle (7th revised Ed.). National academy press, Washington, DC, USA. SAS. (2003). SAS/SAT guide for personal computers, version 9.13. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA Spires, H.R. and CLARK, A.H. (1979). Effect of Intraruminal Urea Administration on Glucose Metabolism in Dairy Steers. The Journal of Nutrition. 109(8): 1438-1447. Taylor-Edwards, C.C., Elam, N.A., Kitts, S.E., McLeod, K.R., Axe, D.E., Vanzant, E.S., Kristensen, N.B. and Harmon, D.L. (2009). Influence of slow-release urea on nitrogen balance and portal-drained visceral nutrient flux in beef steers. Journal of animal science. 87(1): 209-221. Tikofsky, J. and Harrison, G.A. (2006). Optigen® II: Improving the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in the dairy cow. In: Nutritional biotechnology in the feed and food industries: Proceedings of Alltech's 22nd Annual Symposium, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. pp. 373-380. Van Soest, P.V., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of dairy science. 74(10): 3583-3597. Wanapat, M. (2009). Potential uses of local feed resources for ruminants. Tropical Animal Health and Production.41(7): 1035-1049. Weiss, W.P., St-Pierre, N.R. and Willett, L.B., 2007. Factors affecting manure output on dairy farms. In: Tri-State Dairy Nutr. Conf., Ft. Wayne, IN, USA. pp. 55-62. Xin, H.S., Schaefer, D.M., Liu, Q.P., Axe, D.E. and Meng, Q.X. (2010). Effects of polyurethane coated urea supplement on in vitro ruminal fermentation, ammonia release dynamics and lactating performance of Holstein dairy cows fed a steam-flaked corn-based diet. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 23: 491-500. eksrisompong, N., Brannan, K. E. and Brake, J. (2008). Feeding broiler breeder males. 4. Deficient feed allocation reduces fertility and broiler progeny body weight. Poultry Science 87: 805–811. SAS Institute. (2010). SAS User’s Guide version 9.2. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC. Yu, M.W., Robinson, F.E., Charles, R.G. and Weingardt, R. (1992). Effect of feed allowance during rearing and breeding on female broiler breeders. 2. Ovarian morphology and production. Poultry Science 71: 1750–1761. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,029 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,091 |
||