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بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت و کود شیمیایی بر خصوصیات کمّی و کیفی گیاه و بنیه بذر بالنگو شیرازی (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 33، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 81، اردیبهشت 1396، صفحه 126-138 اصل مقاله (261.32 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.109717 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| طاهره کریمی جلیله وندی1؛ سعیده ملکی فراهانی* 2؛ علیرضا رضازاده2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت و میزان کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر بر عملکرد بالنگوی شیرازی (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)، پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در سال زراعی 93-92 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل: تاریخ کشت پاییزه و بهاره و عامل دوم میزان کود شیمیایی (نیتروژن، فسفر) در سه سطح عدم کوددهی، کاربرد نصف کود (23 کیلوگرم در هکتار N + 50.6 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) و مقدار کامل کود (46 کیلوگرم در هکتار N + 101.2 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تاریخ کاشت بر درصد، سرعت، میانگین مدت زمان جوانه‌زنی، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در طی پر شدن دانه، درصد نیتروژن و فسفر، درصد موسیلاژ بذر، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک معنی‌دار بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر کود شیمیایی بر تمامی صفات مذکور معنی‌دار بود و اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت و کود شیمیایی بر فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، درصد موسیلاژ، درصد نیتروژن و فسفر بذر معنی‌دار ولی بر بقیه صفات غیر معنی‌دار بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی به لحاظ تاریخ کاشت، مربوط به کشت پاییزه (74.8) بود که افزایش 11.6 درصدی نسبت به کشت بهاره داشت. بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی از نظر کاربرد کود، مربوط به اعمال کود کامل (88.6) بود که افزایش 73.4 درصدی را نسبت به تیمار شاهد نشان داد. بالاترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز 28 روز پس از گلدهی بود که در کشت پاییزه و شاهد (0.0075) بود و کمترین مربوط به کشت بهاره و کود کامل (0.0014) گیاه بود. کاربرد کود شیمیایی و کشت پاییزه بالنگو باعث افزایش معنی‌دار درصد موسیلاژ نسبت به شاهد شد. به‌طور کلی کشت پاییزه و کاربرد مقدار کامل کود (46 کیلوگرم نیتروژن و 101.2 کیلوگرم P2O5 در هکتار) باعث افزایش عملکرد و کیفیت دانه‌های تولیدی به لحاظ موسیلاژ، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و کیفیت شیمیایی دانه گردید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنتی‌اکسیدان؛ ترکیب‌های شیمیایی بذر؛ کشت پاییزه؛ بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of sowing date and chemical fertilizer on seed vigor and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Lady’s mantle (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| T. Karimi Jalilehvandi1؛ S. Maleki Farahani2؛ A.R. Rezazadeh2 | ||
| 1MSc. Student, Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2College of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate the effects of autumn and spring sowing date and different amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on qualitative characteristics and seed germination of Lallemantia (Lallemantia royleana Benth.), a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates was conducted in Medicinal Plant Research Center of the Shahed University during 2013-2014. The factors were sowing date at two levels (autumn and spring) and chemical fertilizer at three levels (without fertilizer, half dose of fertilizer (23 kg/ha N+ 50.6 kg/ha P2O5) and full doze of fertilizer (46 kg/ha N+ 101.2 kg/ha P2O5). Results for analysis of variance showed that the effect of sowing date on percentage of mucilage, germination percentage, mean germination time and germination rate, Catalase activity during grain filling, percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus was significant however on seed vigor index (SVI-II) was not-significant. The effect of chemical fertilizers on all traits was significant. The interaction effect of sowing date and fertilizer was not significant on all traits except the Catalase activity, percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus. Mean comparison showed that the highest seed germination percentage (74.815) was related to the autumn sowing and full amount of fertilizer (88.611). Regarding to the sowing date, the highest percentage of germination was related to the fall sowing (74.81) and regarding to fertilizer application, the full amount of fertilizer had the highest germination percentage (88.81). The highest catalase activity was 28 days after flowering in the autumn sowing and control (0.0075), and the lowest catalase activity was 7 days after flowering in spring planting and full dose of fertilizer (0.0014). For high germination indices, fertilizer and fall planting is recommended. Generally, results showed that fall sowing date and full dose of chemical fertilizer (46 kg/ha N and 101.2 kg/ha P2O5) produced seeds with higher seed vigor compared to other treatments. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antioxidant, seed chemicals, autumn sowing date, Lady's mantle (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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