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ارزیابی تنش خشکی بر عملکرد دانه و صفات کیفی سه جمعیت گیاه دارویی بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 33، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 81، اردیبهشت 1396، صفحه 25-38 اصل مقاله (250.12 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.109704 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه پیرجلیلی1؛ حشمت امیدی* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد دانه و خصوصیات کیفی سه جمعیت گیاه دارویی بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)، مطالعه‌ای در مزرعه تحقیقاتی گیاهان دارویی دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد در 30 کیلومتری جنوب تهران انجام شد. این آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 94-93 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل 4 سطح خشکی از مرحله گلدهی به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی (1- متوسط پتانسیل رطوبت خاک در حد 0.5- اتمسفر به‌عنوان شاهد (FC)، 2- پتانسیل رطوبت خاک حدود 3.5- اتمسفر به‌عنوان تنش ملایم، 3- پتانسیل رطوبت خاک حدود 6.5- اتمسفر به‌عنوان تنش نسبتاً شدید، 4- پتانسیل رطوبت خاک 9- اتمسفر به‌عنوان تنش شدید) و جمعیت‌های بالنگو (شامل 3 جمعیت از استان‌های مشهد، کرمان و طالقان) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری شامل عملکرد دانه، میزان کلروفیل کل، کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کاروتنوئید، درصد موسیلاژ، فاکتور تورم و محتوای پرولین بود. نتایج نشان داد که جمعیت، اثر برهم‌کنش خشکی و جمعیت بر کلروفیل a، کلروفیل کل، پرولین و عملکرد دانه در سطح احتمال 1% معنی‌دار شد. خشکی بر عملکرد دانه، رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی و محتوای پرولین برگ در سطح احتمال 1% و بر کلروفیل کل در سطح احتمال 5% معنی‌دار و بر میزان کلروفیل b غیرمعنی‌دار شد. در تنش شدید، بیشترین میزان تغییر پرولین در جمعیت مشهد و سطح تنش نسبتاً شدید (26.26) نسبت به شاهد (0.7) بود، همچنین میزان کلروفیل a (0.5 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) و کاروتنوئید در تنش متوسط (0.96 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) نسبت به شاهد کاهش پیدا کردند. در بین جمعیت‌های مورد بررسی در شرایط شاهد (ظرفیت مزرعه‌ای) بیشترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به جمعیت مشهد با تولید 940.78 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین عملکرد دانه در شرایط تنش شدید (9- اتمسفر) مربوط به جمعیت طالقان 194.43 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)؛ پرولین؛ خشکی؛ درصد موسیلاژ؛ کلروفیل؛ فاکتور تورم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of drought stress on grain yield and qualitative characteristics of three populations of Lallemantia royleana Benth. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Pirjalili1؛ H. Omidi2 | ||
| 1MSc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on grain yield and qualitative characteristics of three populations of Lallemantia royleana Benth. The study was conducted in the research farm of Collage of Agriculture of Shahed University. This study was conducted in a split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2013-2014. The experimental factors consisted of four levels of drought stress as the main plots including control or soil water potential (SWP) of -0.5atm as field capacity (FC), soil water potential (SWP) of -3.5 atm as moderate stress, soil water potential (SWP) of -6.5 atm as relatively sever stress, and soil water potential (SWP) of -9 atm as severe stress. The Balangu populations including Mashhad, Kerman, and Taleghan were considered as sub-plots. The traits measured included grain yield, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, mucilage percent, turgor factor, and proline content. The results showed that the population and the interaction of drought stress and population had significant effects on chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, proline and grain yield at the 1% level. The effect of drought stress was found to be significant on grain yield, photosynthetic pigments, leaf proline content (P<0.01), and the total chlorophyll content (P<5% ). However, the effect of drought stress on the content of chlorophyll b was not significant. In the severe stress conditions, the greatest change in proline content was found in Mashhad population and the relatively high stress level (26.26) as compared to control (0.7). As well, the content of chlorophyll a (0.5 mg per gram) and carotenoid decreased in moderate stress (0.96 mg/g) as compared with control treatment. Among the study populations in the control treatment (field capacity), the highest grain yield (940.78kg per hectare) was obtained from Mashhad population and the lowest grain yield (194.43 kg per ha) in the severe stress conditions (-9 atm) was obtained from Taleghan population. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Balangu (Lallemantia royleana Benth.), Proline, Dehydration, mucilage percent, chlorophyll, turgor factor | ||
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