4دانشجوی دوره دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
از سال 1389 دولت با هدف تخصیص بهینه منابع و اختصاص اعتبارات به اقشار نیازمند و مستحق برخورداری از امکانات یارانهای، اقدام به اجرای قانون هدفمندکردن یارانهها کرده است. با توجه به سهم بالای یارانه گندم، آرد و نان (حدوداً 50 درصد) از کل یارانه کالاهای اساسی، این مطالعه آثار اجرای این قانون را بر متغیرهای مهم بخشهای نامبرده بررسی کرد. در این راستا، نمونهگیری با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری خوشهای دومرحلهای در دو استان خراسان رضوی و تهران، به عنوان قطبهای مهم تولید و مصرف نان، آرد و گندم، از بین نانوایان(576 مشاهده)، مصرف کنندگان (1622 مشاهده) و کارخانههای آرد (21 کارخانه) این بخشها صورت گرفت. همچنین این مطالعه حوزه های مصرف نان، ضایعات، کیفیت آرد و نان، تولید آرد و نان را بررسی کرد. برای مطالعه میزان تغییرات هر یک از متغیرها از آزمونهای مقایسه میانگین استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که در حوزههای مربوط به مصرفکننده قانون هدفمندی یارانهها دارای موفقیت بیشتری نسبت به حوزههای مربوط به تولید آرد و نان بوده است که دلیل آن مربوط به عدم ایفای کامل الزامات منبعث از قانون هدفمندی یارانه ها در حوزه های تولیدی است. بر همین مبنا، پیشنهاد شد دولت برای تعدیل قیمت آرد و نان اقدامات لازم را انجام دهد.
An Investigation on Outcomes and Consequences of Subsidies-Reform Law in Wheat, Flour and Bread Sectors
نویسندگان [English]
L. Abolhassani1؛ N. Shahnoushi2؛ A. Dourandish2؛ H. Taherpour3؛ H. Mansouri4
1Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2Professor of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3MSc in Agricultural Economics
4Ph.D. Student of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]
Iran’s government has followed subsidies reform since 2010. Due to the fact that a significant part of these subsides historically has belonged to wheat, flour and bread, this study aims to investigate on outcomes and consequences of subsidies reform in above mentioned sectors. To this end, 2-stage cluster sampling method among different populations of bread producers (576 observations) and consumers (1622 observations) plus flour producers(21 observations) is implemented in Tehran and Khorasan Razavi provinces as the dominant poles of consumption and production. Furthermore, this study covers subjects related to the fields of bread consumption, waste, flour and bread quality and production. Changes in variables have been verified by mean-comparison tests. Results indicate that more successful outcomes have been achieved with bread consumption variables than those of bread and flour production. Consequently, this fact is argued that stems from incomplete enforcement of obligations to producers induced by subsidies-reform law. To address these issues, modification of bread and flour prices is proposed.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Wheat, Flour, Bread, Subsidies-Reform Law
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