| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,873 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,555 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 42,418,828 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 19,194,423 |
کنترل شیمیایی گوشاب (Potamogeton nodosus) و سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli) در شالیزار | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 11، شماره 2، دی 1394، صفحه 195-207 اصل مقاله (866.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| بیژن یعقوبی | ||
| موسسه تحقیقات برنج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گوشاب علف‌هرز زیست‌گاه‌های آبی حاشیه شالیزار‌ها است که در سال‌های اخیر مزارع برنج را مورد تهاجم قرار داده است. با توجه به اینکه سوروف مهمترین و فراوانترین علف‌هرز شالیزار در ایران است، بنابراین ارائه هر برنامه‌ای جهت مدیریت گوشاب باید شامل سوروف نیز باشد. بنابراین دو آزمایش به منظور ارزیابی کارایی علف‌کش‌های انتخابی شالیزار برای کنترل شیمیایی این دو علف‌هرز اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کاربرد علف‌کش‌های تیوبنکارب، بوتاکلر، اکسادیارژیل، پرتیلاکلر، بن‌سولفورون‌متیل، سینوسولفورون و مت‌سولفورون بودند. در آزمایش سال اول کاربرد انفرادی و در تحقیق سال دوم اختلاط علف‌کش‌ها بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد علف‌کش‌های تیوبنکارب، بوتاکلر و پرتیلاکلر سبب کنترل بسیار خوب سوروف (95%≤) شده ولی فاقد هرگونه کارایی برروی گوشاب بودند. علف‌کش اکسادیارژیل90-75 % کارایی در کنترل سوروف و 45-35 % کارایی در کنترل گوشاب از خود نشان داد. علف‌کش‌های بن‌سولفورون‌متیل و سینوسولفورون دارای کارایی بسیار خوبی در کنترل گوشاب (%95≤) و فاقد کارایی کافی در کنترل سوروف (35%≥) بودند. در آزمایش سال دوم کارایی اختلاط دز توصیه‌شده دو گروه از علف‌کش‌ها (علف‌کش‌های مؤثر در کنترل سوروف + علف‌کش‌های مؤثر در کنترل گوشاب) بررسی گردید. نتایج این بخش از مطالعه نشان داد که در صورت اختلاط این دو گروه از علف‌کش‌ها، آن‌ها دارای سازگاری با برنج بوده و کارایی بسیار خوب در کنترل هر دو علف‌هرز سوروف و گوشاب (95%≤) دارند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اختلاط؛ پهن‌برگ‌کش؛ نازک‌برگ‌کش؛ غرقاب؛ نشاءکاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Chemical Control of Pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus) and Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Paddy FieldsPondweed is a waterlogging habitat weed of paddy fields margin which has recently invaded rice fields. Because barnyardgrass is the most abundant and important weed of paddy fields in Iran, hence adopting any program for pondweed chemical control should involve barnyardgrass control as well. Therefore, two separate trials were carried out to | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Pondweed is a waterlogging habitat weed of paddy fields margin which has recently invaded rice fields. Because barnyardgrass is the most abundant and important weed of paddy fields in Iran, hence adopting any program for pondweed chemical control should involve barnyardgrass control as well. Therefore, two separate trials were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of selective rice herbicides for managing both pondweed and barnyardgrass. In this experiment the treatments included applying thiobencarb (2500 g.ai.ha-1), butachlor (1800 g.ai.ha-1), oxadiargyl (105 g.ai.ha-1), pretilachlor (1000 g.ai.ha-1), bensulfuron-methyl (45 g.ai.ha-1), cinosulforun (45 g.ai.ha-1) and metsulfuron-methyl (10 g.ai.ha-1). In the first trial, each herbicide was applied separately. In the second trial herbicides were mized. Results showed that thiobencarb, butachlor and pretilachlor were effective on barnyardgrass control (≤95%) but had no effect on pondweed. Oxadiargyl was more effective on barnyardgrass (75-90%) than pondweed (35-45%). Sulfonylurea herbicides showed very good efficacy on pondweed control (≤95%) while low effect on barnyardgrass (≥35%). The second experiment was carried out in order to investigate the mixture compatibility of the two groups of herbicides with different weed control spectrum. Data of the second trial confirmed the results of the first trial and revealed that mixing the recommended dose of herbicides controlled both weeds by 95%. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Herbicide mixture, broadleafkiller, grass killer, Flooding, transplanting | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ampong, N.K. and DeDetta, S.K. 1991. A Handbook for weed control in rice: International Rice Research Institute. 113 Pp. Anonymous. 2002. Aquatic weeds and their management: www.icid.org. Online available. Asghari, J. and Mohammad Sharifi, M. 2001. Critical period of two transplanted rice cultivars in flooded condition. Agri Sci and Tech. 17: 233-242. (In Persian with English Summary). Begum, M.K., Hasan, K.M., Salim, M., Hossain, M.A. and Rahman, M.K. 2003. Effect of herbicides on different crop characters used in controlling weeds of Aman rice grown under wet seeded culture. Pak J.of Agro. 2: 44-51. Brown, H.M. 1990. Mode of action, crop selectivity, and soil relations of sulfonylurea herbicides. Pesticide Sci. 29: 263-281. Calha, I.M., Osuna, M.d., Serra, C., Moreira, I., DePrado, R. and Rocha, F. 2007. Mechanism of resistance to bensulfuronmethyl in Alisma plantago-aquatica biotypes from Portuguese rice paddy field. Weed Res. 47: 231-240. DeDatta, S.K. 1981. Principle and practices of rice production: International rice research institute. 640 Pp. Devine M.D. and A. Rashid. 1993. Antagonism of tralkoxydim activity in Avena fatua by metsulfuron methyl. Weed Res. 33: 97–104. Frank, P.A., Otto, N.E. and Bartley, T.R. 1961. Techniques for evaluating aquatic weed herbicides. Weeds. 9. Harada, T. and Ishizawa, K. 2003. Starch degradation and sucrose metabolism during anaerobic growth of pondweed (Potamogeton distinctus A. Benn.) turions. Plant & Soil. 253: 125-135. IRRI. 1985. International Rice Research: 25 Years of Partnership. 188 Pp. Kim, K. U. 1992. Current status of biological control and integrated management of paddy weeds in Korea, with emphasis on allelopathy of weeds. In: Proceedings of an international symposium on biological control and integrated management of paddy and aquatic weeds in Asia. National Agricultural Research Center:Tsukuba (Japan). Maazi Kajal, V., Yaghoubi, B., Farahpour, A., mehrpouyan, M. and Vahedi, A. 2012. Comparison the efficacy of penoxsulam with some common paddy rice herbicides. Cereal research (Guilan University). 2: 223-235. Matsunaka, S. 2001. Historical review of rice herbicides in Japan. Weed Biol & Manag. 1: 10–14. McComas, S. 2002. Lake and Pond Management: Lewis publisher. 305 Pp. Meschi, M. 2007. The registered pesticides of Iran. Amozesh Keshavarzi Press. (In Persian). 276 Pp. Mohammad shrifi, M. 2000. Practical handbook of paddy weeds and herbicide management in Iran: Ministry of Agriculture. (In Persian). 114 Pp. Monaco, T.J., Weller, S.C. and Ashton, F.M. 2002. Weed Science, Principle and practices. Fourth Edition: John Wiley and Sons. 685 Pp. Moody, K. 1989. Weeds reported in rice in south and southeast Asia: International Rice Research Institute. 550 Pp. Mozafarian, V. 1995. Dictionary of Iranian Plants Name. Iran: Farhang Moaser Press. (In Persian). 671 Pp. Naylor, R. 1996. Herbicides in Asian rice transitions in weed management: Stanford University. 270 Pp. Nkurunziza, L. and Milberg, P. 2007. Repeated grading of weed abundance and multivariate methods to improve the efficacy of on-farm weed control trials. Weed Biol & Manag. 7: 132–139. Ottis, B.V. and Talbert, R.E. 2007. Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) control and rice. Density effects on rice yield components. Weed Technol. 21: 110-118. Pourazar, K. and Khalaghani, J. 2009. Field Bindweed (Convolvolus arvensis L.) control in wheat field. Iran. J. Weed Res. 1: 73-83. Ryang, H.S., Kim, M.K. and Jeon, J.C. 1976. Control of perennial Weeds in paddy rice in Korea. Proceedings 5th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference: 293-297. Smith, W.C. and Dilday, R.H. 2003. Rice: Origin, History, Technology, and Production. International Rice Research Institute. 658 Pp. Snyder, F.W. and Carlson, G.E. 1984. Selection for partitioning of photosynthetic products in crops. Adv. in Agro. 37: 47-72. (In Persian). Tahbaz, F. and Mokhtareh, F. 1973. Identification of Rasht paddy weeds and biology of most important one. Iran: Agricultura Faculty of Tehran University. Webster, E.P., Griffin, R.M. and Blouin, D.C. 2007. Herbicide programs for managing creeping rivergrass (Echinochloa polystachya) in rice. Weed Technol. 21: 785–790. Yaghoubi, B., Baghestani, M.A., Alizadeh, H., Rahimian, H. and Davatgar, N., Farahpour, A. 2013. Study the effect of thiobencarb method of application on causing dwarfism in rice. Iran. J. Weed Sci. 8: 1-16. Yaghoubi, B. and Farahpour, A. 2013. Paddy weeds time of emergence. Pages 498- 501 in Proceedings of the 5th Iranian weed science congress. Karaj Iran: Tehran university. (In Persian with English Summary). Yoshida, S. 1981. Fundamentals of rice crop science: International Rice Research Institute. 277 Pp. Zimdahl R.L. 2004. Weed-Crop Competition. A Review. Second Edition. Blackwell Publishing. 220 Pp. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,357 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 818 |
||