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پراسنجه های زیستی و جدول زندگی دو جنسی سن- مرحله زنبور پارازیتوئید Encarsia formosa (Hym., Aphelinidae) با تغذیه از پورههای سفیدبالک گلخانه Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hem., Aleyrodidae) روی سه محصول مهم گلخانه ای | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 12، شماره 1، شهریور 1403، صفحه 79-97 اصل مقاله (878.71 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2025.370170.392 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا باقری* 1؛ مهدی حسن پور2؛ علی گلی زاده2؛ شهرام فرخی3 | ||
| 1استادیار، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی، اصفهان، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه گیاه پزشکی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، بخش تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک، تهران، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سفیدبالک گلخانه Trialeurodes vaporariorum یکی از مهم‌ترین آفات محصولات گلخانه ای در سراسر دنیا می باشد. در این پژوهش، زیست‌شناسی و جدول زندگی دوجنسی سن- مرحله زنبور پارازیتوئید Encarsia formosa روی پوره های سن سوم این آفت روی سه محصول مهم گلخانه ای شامل بادمجان (Solanum melongena)، خیار (Cucumis sativus) و گوجه فرنگی (Solanum lycopersicum) در دمای 2±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 10±65 درصد و دوره نوری 16:8 ساعت (تاریکی: روشنایی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میانگین ها و خطای معیار بر اساس روش بوت استراپ با یکصد هزار تکرار محاسبه شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، بین میانگین ویژگی‌های زیستی و بین میانگین پراسنجه های رشد جمیعت پارازیتوئید روی سه گیاه میزبان تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت. مدت زمان نشوونمای مراحل نابالغ (از تخم تا ظهور حشرات بالغ) در سه گیاه میزبان یاد شده به ترتیب 0/18±17/77، 0/15±15/67 و 0/13±14/97 روز، طول عمر حشرات بالغ ماده به ترتیب 1/03±20/21، 1/36±24/64 و 0/69±19/03 روز و میانگین تعداد تخم گذاشته شده توسط هر حشره ماده در طول زندگی به ترتیب 4/95±129/38، 3/67±104/24 و 6/31±166/16 به دست آمد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیّت (r) آفت روی بادمجان، خیار و گوجه فرنگی به ترتیب 0/004±0/198، 0/004±0/208و0/004±0/239 (بر روز) و نرخ خالص تولید مثل(R0) به ترتیب 9/44±109/98، 6/57±92/97 و 11/08±142/29 (نتاج) محاسبه شد. در مجموع، در میان گیاهان آزمایش‌شده، گوجه‌فرنگی مناسب‌ترین گیاه میزبان بود و E. formosa در این گیاه از رشد سریع‌تر و تولیدمثل بالاتری نسبت به دو گیاه دیگر برخوردار بود. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که گونه گیاه میزبان به‌طور قابل توجهی بر عملکرد زنبور E. formosa تأثیرگذار است و باید در برنامه‌ریزی راهبردهای کنترل زیستی علیه T. vaporariorumدر سامانه‌های کشت گلخانه‌ای مورد توجه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| : Encarsia formosa؛ جدول زندگی دوجنسی سن– مرحله؛ سفیدبالک گلخانه؛ گیاه میزبان؛ پراسنجه های رشد جمعیت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biological parameters and age–stage, two–sex life table of the parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa feeding on nymphs of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum on three important greenhouse crops | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Reza Bagheri1؛ Mahdi Hassanpour2؛ Ali Golizadeh2؛ Shahram Farrokhi3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Isfahan, Plant Protection Research Department, Isfahan, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Plant Protection, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate professor, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Biological Control Research Department, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), is one of the most important pests of greenhouse crops worldwide. In the present study, the biology and age–stage, two–sex life table parameters of the parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa Gahan were evaluated using second–instar nymphs of T. vaporariorum reared on three economically important greenhouse crops; eggplant (Solanum melongena), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Experiments were conducted under controlled environmental conditions of 25 ± 2 °C, 65 ± 10% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L: D). Means and standard errors were estimated using the bootstrap method with 100,000 replications. The results revealed statistically significant differences in the mean biological traits and demographic parameters of E. formosa across the three host plant species. The total preadult duration on eggplant, cucumber, and tomato was 17.77 ± 0.18, 15.67 ± 0.15, and 14.97 ± 0.13 days, respectively. The longevity of adult females on the mentioned plant hosts was 20.21 ± 1.03, 24.64 ± 1.36, and 19.03 ± 0.69 days, while the mean fecundity per female was 129.38 ± 4.95, 104.24 ± 3.67, and 166.16 ± 6.31 eggs, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) on eggplant, cucumber, and tomato was 0.198 ± 0.004, 0.208 ± 0.004, and 0.239 ± 0.004 day⁻¹, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) was calculated to be 109.98 ± 9.44, 92.97 ± 6.57, and 142.29 ± 11.08 on the mentioned plant hosts, respectively. Overall, tomato was identified as the most suitable host plant among those tested, supporting faster development and higher reproductive output of E. formosa. These findings suggest that host plant species significantly influence the performance of E. formosa and should be considered when implementing biological control strategies against T. vaporariorum in greenhouse cropping systems. . | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Encarsia formosa, age–stage two–sex life table, greenhouse whitefly, host plant, population growth parameters | ||
| مراجع | ||
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