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بررسی اثر تنش شوری بر برخی پارامترهای مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی سه اکوتیپ .Mentha longifolia L | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 41، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 124، تیر 1404، صفحه 308-324 اصل مقاله (874.52 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2025.365475.3438 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حیدر محمد خضیر ال جازع1؛ بهرام عابدی* 2؛ سیدحسین نعمتی3 | ||
| 1گروه علوم باغبانی ومهندسی فضای سبز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، استان خراسان رضوی، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم باغبانی ومهندسی فضای سبز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، استان خراسان رضوی، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار، و عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم باغبانی ومهندسی فضای سبز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، استان خراسان رضوی، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: پونه (.Mentha longifolia L) از خانواده نعناع (Laminaceae) به صورت خودرو در مناطق مرطوب مثل حاشیه رودخانه‌ها رشد می‌کند و کشت آن در مزارع و گلخانه‌ها نیاز به آب با کیفیت دارد. شوری آب و خاک یکی از بزرگترین معضلات و مشکلات کشاورزی در مناطق گرم و خشک است. در چنین مناطقی شوری خاک و کمبود آب عامل اصلی کاهش رشد و عملکرد محصولات کشاورزی محسوب می‌شود. شناسایی و استفاده از اکوتیپ‌ها و ارقام مقاوم به تنش شوری می‌تواند به شکل مناسبی از افت تولید جلوگیری نماید. هدف این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف شوری آب بر عملکرد صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی سه اکوتیپ گیاه پونه وحشی، جهت شناسایی اکوتیپ مقاوم می‌باشد. مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش با دو عامل به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. عامل اول شامل اکوتیپ با سه سطح (E1: خرسان جنوبی، E2: لرستان، E3: فارس) و عامل دوم تنش شوری با چهار سطح (صفر، ۷۵، ۱۰۰، ۱۵۰ میلی‌مولار نمک کلرید سدیم) بود. اعمال تیمار تنش شوری در مرحله‌ی 4 برگی آغاز شد و در مرحله 8 برگی اندازه‌گیری صفات مورفولوژیکی شامل ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، تعداد گل، طول گل، وزن‌تر و خشک برگ و وزن‌تر و خشک ریشه و همچنین خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی شامل کلروفیل a، b، کل و میزان کارتنوئید، میزان نشت الکترولیت، محتوی فنول کل، محتوی فلاونوئید کل، میزان پرولین و محتوی کربوهیدرات کل انجام شد. داده‌های حاصل توسط نرم افزارMinitab 19 مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد اثر ساده اکوتیپ و تنش شوری و اثر متقابل اکوتیپ × تنش شوری روی صفات مورفولوژیکی شامل ارتفاع گیاه، وزن‌تر و خشک ریشه معنی‌دار بود، اثر ساده اکوتیپ و تنش شوری روی وزن‌تر و خشک برگ گیاهان اثر معنی‌دار نشان داد، همچنین اثر ساده اکوتیپ و تنش شوری و اثر متقابل اکوتیپ × تنش شوری روی صفات تعداد برگ، تعداد گل و طول گل معنی‌دار نبود. تنش شوری سبب کاهش معنی‌دار صفات مورفولوژیکی در اکوتیپ‌های مختلف که شامل ارتفاع گیاه، وزن‌تر و خشک برگ، وزن‌تر و خشک ریشه نسبت به شاهد گردید. اثر ساده اکوتیپ و تنش شوری و اثر متقابل اکوتیپ × تنش شوری بر روی صفات فیزیولوژیکی مانند کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b و کلروفیل کل، کارتنوئید، میزان نشت الکترولیت، و محتوی کل فلاونوئید و میزان پرولین معنی‌دار شد. اثر ساده اکوتیپ و تنش شوری روی میزان فنول کل معنی‌دار بود. در صورتی که اثر ساده اکوتیپ و تنش شوری و اثر متقابل اکوتیپ × تنش شوری روی میزان محتوی کربوهیدرات معنی‌دار نشد. تنش شوری باعث کاهش میزان کلروفیل a، b، کل و کارتنوئید شد، از طرفی این تنش با تأثیر بر گیاه، باعث افزایش میزان محتوی پرولین، نشت الکترولیت، محتوی فنول کل و فلاونوئید برگ گیاه نسبت به گیاه شاهد شد. نتیجه‌گیری: طبق نتایج حاصل از صفات اندازه‌گیری شده سه اکوتیپ پونه وحشی، مشاهده گردید که این اکوتیپ‌ها واکنش‌های متفاوتی را نسبت به تنش شوری نشان دادند. با توجه به نتایج و داده‌های به دست آمده از اندازه‌گیری صفات ذکر شده، اکوتیپ (خراسان جنوبی) E1از لحاظ صفات مورد بررسی نسبت به سایر اکوتیپ‌ها برتری داشت و در برابر شرایط تنش شوری مقاومت بیشتری از خود نشان داد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فلاونوئید؛ پرولین؛ فنل؛ نشت؛ نعناییان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of Salinity Stress on Morphological and Physiological Traits of Three Ecotypes of Mentha longifolia L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hayder Mohammed Khudhair Al jazea1؛ Bahram Abedy2؛ Seyyed Hossein nemati3 | ||
| 1Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. | ||
| 2associate professor and faculty member of the Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant professor, and member of the academic staff of the Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: Mentha longifolia L. belongs to the Mentha genus and the mint family (Lamiaceae). This plant naturally grows in moist environments, such as riverbanks, and its cultivation in fields and greenhouses requires high-quality water. Water and soil salinity are among the most critical agricultural challenges in hot and arid regions. In such areas, soil salinity and water scarcity are the primary factors that reduce the growth and yield of crops. Identifying and utilizing ecotypes and cultivars resistant to salinity stress can help prevent production losses. This study aims to investigate the effects of different water salinity levels on the morphological and physiological traits of three wild brookmint ecotypes to identify the most salt-tolerant ecotype. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a completely randomized design in factorial form with two factors at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The first factor was ecotype, with three levels (E1: South Khorasan, E2: Lorestan, E3: Fars), and the second factor was salinity stress, with four levels (0, 75, 100, and 150 mM sodium chloride). Salt stress treatments were applied beginning at the four-leaf stage, and at the eight-leaf stage, morphological traits were measured, including plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers, flower length, fresh and dry leaf weights, and fresh and dry root weights. Physiological traits assessed included chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carotenoids, electrolyte leakage, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, proline content, and total carbohydrate content. Data was analyzed using Minitab 19 software. Results: The results showed that the main effects of ecotype and salinity stress and their interaction significantly influenced morphological traits such as plant height, root weight, and root dry weight. The main effects of ecotype and salinity stress on leaf weight and leaf dry weight were also significant. However, the main and interaction effects on traits such as number of leaves, number of flowers, and flower length were not significant. Salinity stress significantly reduced morphological traits in all ecotypes compared to the control, including plant height, leaf weight, dry weight, root weight, and dry weight. Regarding physiological traits, the main effects of ecotype and salinity stress, along with their interaction, significantly affected chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, electrolyte leakage, total flavonoid content, and proline content. The main effects of ecotype and salinity stress on total phenol content were significant, while their effects and interactions on carbohydrate content were not significant. Salinity stress led to a reduction in chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids. Conversely, this stress increased proline content, electrolyte leakage, and the levels of total phenol and flavonoid compounds in the leaves compared to the control. Conclusion: Based on the evaluation of the measured traits in the three wild brookmint ecotypes, it was evident that these ecotypes responded differently to salinity stress. The results indicated that the E1 ecotype (South Khorasan) was superior to the others in terms of the traits studied and exhibited greater tolerance to salinity stress conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Flavonoid, proline, phenol, Leakage, Lamiaceae | ||
| مراجع | ||
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