| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,041 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,003 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 46,121,741 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,315,292 |
مقاومت برخی از ارقام تجاری و لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم ایران به بیماری زنگ قهوه‌ای (.Puccinia triticina Eriks) در مراحل گیاهچه و گیاه کامل | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 40، شماره 2، تیر 1403، صفحه 170-151 اصل مقاله (616.88 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spj.2025.367260.1381 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیدطه دادرضائی* 1؛ علی عمرانی2؛ علی ملیحی پور1؛ نصرت اله طباطبایی3؛ سید محمود طبیب غفاری4 | ||
| 1دانشیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مغان، ایران. | ||
| 3پژوهشگر، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران. | ||
| 4استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، دزفول، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری زنگ قهوه‌ای گندم، که توسط قارچ Puccinia triticina ایجاد می‌شود، یکی از بیماری‌های مهم گندم در ایران است. کشت ارقام مقاوم به بیماری مؤثرترین، اقتصادی‌ترین و از نظر زیست محیطی سالم‌ترین روش کنترل بیماری به‌شمار می‌رود. در تحقیق حاضر، مجموعه‌ای جدید از 52 ژنوتیپ گندم نان و دوروم متشکل از ارقام تجاری و لاین‌های امیدبخش در دست نامگذاری برنامه‌های به‌نژادی گندم آبی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر به همراه شاهد حساس به بیماری (رقم بولانی) در مراحل گیاهچه و گیاه کامل نسبت به بیماری زنگ قهوه‌ای مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. بررسی در مرحله گیاهچه با استفاده از شش پاتوتیپ از قارچ عامل بیماری در شرایط گلخانه درکرج و بررسی در مرحله گیاه کامل طی دو سال زراعی 02-1401 و 03-1402 در دو ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی صفی‌آباد (دزفول) و شاوور (اهواز) در شرایط آلودگی مصنوعی مزرعه و در دو ایستگاه تحقیقاتی کلاردشت و پارس‌آباد مغان در شرایط آلودگی طبیعی انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج آزمایشات انجام شده در مرحله گیاهچه، 35% ژنوتیپ‌های مورد آزمایش در این مرحله نسبت به تمام جدایه‌های قارچ عامل بیماری مقاوم بودند. نتایج بررسی‌های مزرعه‌ای نیز نشان داد که تمامی ژنوتیپ‌های اقلیم گرم و مرطوب شمال، اقلیم گرم و خشک جنوب و برنامه دوروم، 75% از ژنوتیپ‌های اقلیم معتدل، 60% از ژنوتیپ‌های برنامه شوری و 42% از ژنوتیپ‌های اقلیم سرد از مقاومت قابل قبول (شدت آلودگی 50MS، 50MR، 40S و کمتر) در برابر بیماری برخوردارند. در این پژوهش پنج ژنوتیپ گندم آراز، N-98-20، C-98-7، C-98-8 و CD-99-15 با وجود حساسیت در مرحله گیاهچه نسبت به تمام جدایه‌های زنگ قهوه‌ای، در مرحله گیاه کامل در برابر بیماری مقاوم بودند. احتمال دارد که این ارقام دارای ژن یا ژن‌های مقاومت مرحله گیاه کامل باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گندم نان؛ گندم دوروم؛ مقاومت مرحله گیاهچه؛ مقاومت مرحله گیاه کامل؛ حساسیت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Resistance of Some Wheat Commercial Cultivars and Promising Lines to Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) Disease at Seedling and Adult-Plant Stages | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. T. Dadrezaei1؛ A. Omrani2؛ A. Malihipour1؛ S. N. Tabatabai3؛ S. M. Tabib-Ghaffari4 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Field and Horticultural Crops Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Moghan, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Field and Horticultural Crops Science Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ahvaz, Iran. | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Field and Horticultural Crops Science Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Dezful, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Wheat leaf rust (brown rust) caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. is an important disease of wheat crop in Iran. This research project was carried out to evaluate the reaction of 52 commercial cultivars and promising lines of different national wheat breeding programs of Iran to wheat leaf rust disease at seedling and adult plant stages. The results showed that at the seedling stage, 35% of the tested cultivars and promising lines were resistant to used leaf rust isolates. The results of field showed that all wheat genotypes of the south warm and dry zone, wheat genotypes of north warm and humid zone, and all durum wheat genotypes, 75% of wheat genotypes of the temperate zone, 60% of wheat genotypes of the salinity breeding program and 42% of wheat genotypes of cold zone, had reasonable level of resistance (50MS, 50MR, 40S and less) to used leaf rust isolates. In this research, five wheat genotypes; cv. Araz, N-98-20, C-98-7, C-98-8 and CD-99-15 were resistant in all regions under field conditions. But they were susceptible to all used leaf rust isolates in the seedling stage, therefore, these wheat genotypes may carry adult plant resistance gene(genes). Keywords: Bread wheat, durum wheat, adult plant resistance, seedling resistance, susceptibility. Introduction Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), is one of the most important foliar diseases in wheat worldwide. Recent studies have showed that the average damage caused by leaf rusts (brown), stripe rust (yellow) and stem rust (black) in wheat crop is about 15 million tons per year, which is equivalent to an annual average of about US $2.9 billion per year (Huerta-Espino et al., 2020). Dadrezaei et al., (2018) reported that the average wheat yield loss caused by leaf rust in Iran was estimated to be about 25%, and the yield loss varied from 7 to 46 percent in different regions and cultivars (Dadrezaei et al., 2018). Although fungicides are widely used to control the disease, the use of resistant cultivars is considered the most effective, most efficient, economical, and the safest approach for controlling and managing this disease, and is compatible with the environment. The main focus in global wheat breeding programs is the development of rust-resistant cultivars. The development of resistant cultivars is a continuous process because the resistance of resistant cultivars may break by mutation in the genome of the pathogen. For this reason, there is a constant need to investigate the virulence/avirulence of the disease agent, and identify and develop new sources of resistance. Materials and Methods This research was carried out to evaluate reaction of 52 wheat commercial cultivars and promising lines from different national wheat breeding programs, and susceptible control (Bolani), to wheat leaf rust at seedling and adult plant stages with artificial inoculation. Resistance of wheat commercial cultivars and promising lines at seedling stage was evaluated using six wheat leaf rust isolates from the areas where the field experiments for adult plant stages resistance were carried out. The wheat commercial cultivars and promising lines were evaluated at adult plant stages in Kalardasht and Parsabad Moghan under natural infection and in Dezful and Shavour under artificial infection conditions in 2023 and 2024 cropping seasons. To evaluate the reaction of the wheat genotypes in field conditions and in leaf rust epidemic conditions, cultivars and promising lines were cultivated in early December 2023 and 2024 at Safiabad Dezful, Shavour, Kalardasht and Parsabad Moghan, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research field Stations. The inoculation of the wheat genotypes was done using the leaf rust isolate of each region in the form of a mixture of rust spores and talcum powder in Ahvaz and Dezful during three stages under favorable environmental conditions in the evening in 2023-2024 cropping seasons, however, at Kalardasht and Parsabad Moghan research filed stations, the incidence and spread of leaf rust occurred naturally without artificial inoculation. Results and Discussion References Dadrezaei, S. T., Tabatabaei, N., Lakzadeh, I., Jafarnejad, A., Afshari, F. and Hassanbayat, Z. 2018. Evaluation of tolerance to leaf rust disease in some selected bread wheat genotypes. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 86, pp. 29-40 (in Persian). DOI: 10.22092/jaep.2018.109374.1153 Huerta-Espino, J., Singh, R., Crespo-Herrera, L. A., Villaseñor-Mir, H. E., Rodriguez-Garcia, M. F., Dreisigacker, S., Barcenas-Santana, D. and Lagudah, E. 2020. Adult plant slow rusting genes confer high levels of resistance to rusts in bread wheat cultivars from Mexico. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 824. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00824 Singh, R. P. 1993. Resistance to leaf rust in 26 Mexican wheat cultivars. Crop Science, 33, pp.633-637. DOI:10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300030041x | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Bread wheat, durum wheat, adult plant resistance, seedling resistance, susceptibility | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Afshari, F. 2000. Studies on rust resistance in wheat with particular emphasis on stripe rust. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. 252 pp.
Bolton, M. D., Kolmer, J. A. and Garvin, D. F. 2008. Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. Molecular Plant Pathology, 9, pp.563–575. DOI: 10.1111/J.1364-3703.2008. 00487.X
Chen, X. M. 2005. Review/Synthèse Epidemiology and evaluation of stripe rust [Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici] on wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 27, pp.314–337. DOI: 10.1080/07060660509507230
Dadrezaei, S. T. and Nazari, K. 2015. Detection of wheat rust resistance genes in some of the Iranian wheat genotypes by molecular markers. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 31, pp.163-187 (in Persian). DOI: 10.22092/spij.2017.111253
Dadrezaei, S. T., Tabatabaei, N., Lakzadeh, I., Jafarnejad, A., Afshari, F. and Hassanbayat, Z. 2018. Evaluation of tolerance to leaf rust disease in some selected bread wheat genotypes. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 86, pp. 29-40 (in Persian). DOI: 10.22092/jaep.2018.109374.1153
Dadrezaei, S. T., Dehghan, M. A., Safavi, S., Dalvand, M. and Shahbazi, K. 2023. Resistance evaluation of advanced and commercial genotypes of Iranian wheat to leaf rust at seedling and adult plant stages. Journal of Applied Research in Plant Protection, 11, pp.1-13. DOI: 10.22034/arpp.2022.15742
Ghasemzadeh, E., Afshari, F., Khodarahmi, M. and Bihamta, M. 2010. Study on the genetics of resistance to leaf rust in some advanced lines of wheat at seedling stage. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 6, pp.51– 59.
Goyeau, H. and Lannou, C. 2011. Specific resistance to leaf rust expressed at the seedling stage in cultivars grown in France from 1983 to 2007. Euphytica, 178, pp.45–62. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-010-0261-5
Goyeau, H., Park, R., Schaeffer, B. and Lannou, C. 2006. Distribution of pathotypes with regard to host cultivars in French wheat leaf rust populations. Phytopathology, 96, pp.264-273. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-96-0264
Huerta-Espino, J., Singh, R., Crespo-Herrera, L. A., Villaseñor-Mir, H. E., Rodriguez-Garcia, M. F., Dreisigacker, S., Barcenas-Santana, D. and Lagudah, E. 2020. Adult plant slow rusting genes confer high levels of resistance to rusts in bread wheat cultivars from Mexico. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 824. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00824
Huerta-Espino, J., Singh. R. P. S., Germa´n, S., McCallum, B. D., Park, R. F., Chen, W. Q., Bhardwaj, S. C. and Goyeau, H. 2011. Global status of wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. Euphytica, 179, pp.143–160. DOI:10.1007/s10681-011-0361-x
Jin, Y., Szabo, L. J. and Carson, M. 2010. Century-old mystery of Puccinia striiformis life history solved with the identification of Berberis as an alternate host. Phytopathology, 100, pp.432–435. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-100-5-0432
Knott, D. R. 1989. The wheat rusts-breeding for resistance. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. 201pp. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83641-1
Kolmer, J. A. 2005. Tracking wheat rust on a continental scale. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 8, pp.441–449. DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2005.05.001
Lagudah, E. S. 2011. Molecular genetics of race non-specific rust resistance in wheat. Euphytica, 179(1), pp.81-9. DOI: 10.1007/s10681-010-0336-3
Line, R. F. 2002. Stripe rust of wheat and barley in North America: a retrospective historical review. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40, pp.75–118. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.020102.111645
McIntosh, R. A., Wellings, C. R. and Park, R. F. 1995. Wheat Rusts: an atlas of resistance genes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 220 pp.
Mohajervatan, F., Nasrollahnejad Ghomi, A. A., Kalate Arabi, M. and Dehghan, M. A. 2016. Evaluation of Resistance to leaf rust in some wheat cultivars in field and greenhouse conditions. Journal of crop breeding, 8, pp.70-76 (in Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.22286128.1395.8.20.6.3
Omrani, A. and Dadrezaei, S. T. 2024. Investigation of resistance responses in elite wheat lines and cultivars to brown rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in the Moghan plain. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 47, pp.1-20. (in Persian). DOI: 10.22055/ppr.2024.46519.1737
Pathan, A. K. and Park, R. P. 2006. Evaluation of seedling and adult plant resistance to leaf rust in European wheat cultivars. Euphytica, 149, pp.327-342. DOI:10.1007/s10681-005-9081-4
Peterson, R. F., Campbell, A. B. and Hannah, A. E. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity of leaves and stems of cereals. Canadian Journal of Research, 26, pp.496-500. DOI:10.1139/CJR48C-033
Roelfs, A. P., Singh, R. P. and Saari, E. E. 1992. Rust diseases of wheat: concepts and methods of disease management. CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F., 81 pp.
Singh, R. P. 1993. Resistance to leaf rust in 26 Mexican wheat cultivars. Crop Science, 33, pp.633-637. DOI:10.2135/cropsci1993.0011183X003300030041x
Singh, R. P. 1999. Chen, W. Q., and He, Z. H. 1999. Leaf rust resistance of spring, facultative, and winter wheat cultivars from China. Plant Disease, 83, pp.644-651. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.7.644
Singh, R. P., Huerta-Espino, J. and Rajaram, S. 2000. Achieving near-immunity to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat by combining slow rusting resistance genes. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 35, pp.133–139.
Zarandi, F., Afshari, F. and Rezaie, S. 2009. Study of resistance components at seedling stage and field resistance to leaf rust in some elite wheat lines. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 25, pp.569-584 (In Persian). DOI: 10.22092/spij.2017.110980
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 245 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 365 |
||