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Developmental and systematic value of flower reproductive organs in Artemisia annua | ||
| Rostaniha | ||
| دوره 25، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 70، آذر 2024، صفحه 49-68 اصل مقاله (2.31 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bot.j.iran.2024.366507.1393 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Zohreh Shirkhani* 1؛ Abdolkarim Chehregani Rad2؛ Fariba Mohsenzadeh3 | ||
| 1Assistant Prof., Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Prof., Department of Biology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Prof., Department of Biology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) is a species with high medicinal potential. This study aimed to determine the embryological characteristics of the A. annua with a focus on the development of pollen grains and ovules to help the taxonomic position of this species. Capitulum were studied using light and scanning electron microscopies to describe the floral development. According to the results, the formation of the anther wall was dicotyledonous type and the tapetum layer was multi-nucleated and secretory. The tetrad of microspores were tetragonal and tetrahedral, and mature pollen grains were two-celled, tricolpate. The ovule was of anatropous, unitegmic, and tenuinucellate type. The archesporium was unicellular. T-shaped and linear tetrads of megaspore were observed in megasporogenesis. The micropylar megaspore developed into an eight-nucleate embryo sac with a Polygonum type pattern. Fertilization was of the porogamous type. This species displayed cellular and scant endosperm development. Some embryological features of Asteraceae, Calyceraceae, and G. oodeniaceae are also brought in the present paper. Comparisons revealed embryological features provide obvious evidence for the segregation of these close families. Therefore, based on the study, the authors suggest that systematic studies on this genus and similar genera should not only be done on the thickening of pollen grain surface, but also on the stages of anther and pollen grain development. In addition, embryo sac studies can also reveal hidden systematic differences between different arrays. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Anther؛ Asteraceae؛ embryonic sac؛ ovule؛ pollen grain | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| ارزش تکوینی و سیستماتیکی اندام‌های زایشی گل در درمنه خزری | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| زهره شیرخانی1؛ عبدالکریم چهرگانی‌راد2؛ فریبا محسن‌زاده3 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| درمنه خزری (کاسنیان)، گونه‌ای با پتانسیل دارویی بالا است. هدف از این مطالعه، مشخص کردن ویژگی‌های رویان‌شناختی درمنه خزری با تمرکز بر تکوین دانه گرده و تخمک به منظور کمک به جایگاه سیستماتیکی این گونه بود. به این منظور، از میکروسکوپ نوری و الکترونی نگاره برای توصیف تکوین گل استفاده شد. با توجه به نتایج، شکل‌گیری دیواره بساک در گونه مذکور از نوع دولپه‌ای، لایه مغذی بساک چندهسته‌ای و از نوع ترشحی بود. تتراد میکروسپورها از دو نوع تتراگونال و تتراهدرال و دانه‌های گرده در هنگام شکوفایی دوسلولی، سه‌منفذی و ریزخاردار بودند. تخمک از نوع واژگون، تک‌پوست‌های و کم‌خورش و آرکئوسپور تک‌سلولی بود. تترادهای مگاسپور T شکل و خطی مشاهده شد. مگاسپور قطب سفتی طبق الگوی تک‌اسپوری و علف هفت‌بند به کیسه‌رویانی هشت هسته‌ای نمو یافت. لقاح از نوع سفت‌زامی (porogamous) و تکوین آندوسپرم در این گونه از نوع سلولی بود. برخی از ویژگی‌های رویان‌زایی کاسنیان، Calyceraceae و Goodeniaceae نیز در این مقاله آورده شده است. مقایسه نشان داد که ویژگی‌های رویان‌زایی شواهد آشکاری برای جداسازی این تیره‌های خویشاوند ارایه می‌دهد. در نتیجه بررسی حاضر، نگارندگان پیشنهاد می‌کنند که مطالعات سیستماتیک روی جنس درمنه و جنس‌های مشابه فقط روی تزیینات دانه گرده نبوده و لازم است مراحل تکوین بساک و دانه گرده نیز مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. به علاوه، مطالعات کیسه‌رویانی شاید بتواند تفاوت‌های نهان سیستماتیکی بین آرایه‌های مختلف را نیز آشکار سازد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| بساک, تخمک, دانه گرده, کاسنیان, کیسه‌رویانی, Artemisia annua | ||
| مراجع | ||
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