| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,083 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,401 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,310,761 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,024,005 |
تأثیر باکتری‌های محرک رشد و ورمی‌کمپوست بر برخی پارامترهای رشدی، جذب عناصر غذایی و اسانس Satureja hortensis L. در شرایط تنش خشکی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 40، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 120، تیر 1403، صفحه 241-258 اصل مقاله (1.33 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2023.363071.3351 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امید حیدر پور1؛ بهروز اسماعیل پور* 2؛ علی اشرف سلطانی3؛ زهرا اصلانی4 | ||
| 1گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
| 2دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی- دانشکده علوم کشاورزی | ||
| 3گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
| 4علوم باغبانی- دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: کمبود آب اثرهای نامطلوبی بر فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی مانند فتوسنتز، جذب عناصر غذایی، توسعه و تقسیم سلولی، تجمع و انتقال مواد غذایی داشته و بدین طریق موجب کاهش عملکرد گیاهان می‌گردد. کودهای زیستی باعث تحریک جوانه‌زنی، افزایش طول ریشه، فتوسنتز، در دسترس بودن و جذب مواد مغذی خاک و فعالیت میکروبی خاک در شرایط استرس‌زا می‌شوند. کاربرد کودهای ارگانیک مانند کمپوست و ورمی‌کمپوست برای بهبود انعطاف‌پذیری و عملکرد محصول نشان داده شده است. استفاده از اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی می‌تواند باعث افزایش کربن و محتوی کل مواد آلی در خاک و همچنین افزایش تغذیه معدنی و ظرفیت نگهداری آب در خاک شود. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تنش خشکی، باکتری‌های محرک رشد و ورمی‌کمپوست بر عملکرد، میزان عناصر غذایی و اجزای اسانس گیاه مرزه است. مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1396-1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: تنش خشکی در سه سطح (S1: آبیاری کامل، S2: قطع آبیاری در 50% گلدهی و S3: قطع آبیاری در اوایل گلدهی)، مایه‌کوبی شامل عدم مایه‌کوبی و مایه‌کوبی با باکتری سودوموناس 15P و باکتری استرپتومایسس و ورمی‌کمپوست در چهار سطح (صفر، 1، 1.5 و 2 تن در هکتار) بود. قبل از کاشت بذرهای مورد نظر را در محرک‌های زیستی قرار داده و به‌صورت بذرمال آماده شد. بذر مرزه به‌صورت ردیفی با فاصله بین ردیف‌ها 25 سانتی‌متر و فاصله روی ردیف‌ها 20 سانتی‌متر و در عمق 0.5 سانتی‌متری کشت گردید. برای اعمال تیمار آبیاری، خاک مزرعه در افق ریشه‌های گیاه تا عمق 20 سانتی‌متر با حفر پروفیل، بررسی شد. برای کنترل آب از روش وزنی استفاده گردید. ظرفیت مزرعه‌ای و نقطه پژمردگی دائم با استفاده از نمونه‌های دست‌نخورده در حالت 24 ساعت پس از اشباع خاک برای ظرفیت مزرعه‌ای و قرار دادن در دستگاه مکش با 15 اتمسفر فشار منفی برای نقطه پژمردگی دائم بدست آمد و مقادیر مربوط برای خاک در عمق صفر تا 30 سانتی‌متر با توجه به لایه‌بندی خاک و از تفاضل آنها میزان آب قابل استفاده خاک تعیین شد. در طول آزمایش آب قابل استفاده (با توجه به مرحله رشدی گیاه) توسط سیلندر نمونه‌برداری خاک و انتقال به آون به‌صورت درصد وزنی رطوبت تعیین شد. صفات مورد بررسی شامل ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک شاخساره، وزن خشک ریشه، غلظت عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم و اجزای اسانس بودند. نتایج: براساس نتایج بدست آمده تنش خشکی، ورمی‌کمپوست و مایه‌کوبی با باکتری‌های محرک رشد بر پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده تأثیر معنی‌داری داشته است. به‌طوری که بیشترین میزان ارتفاع بوته (62.36 سانتی‌متر)، وزن خشک شاخساره (28.72 گرم)، وزن خشک ریشه (6.35 گرم)، جذب فسفر (1.3%) و میزان جذب پتاسیم (2.3%) در شرایط بدون تنش، کاربرد دو تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست و مایه‌کوبی با باکتری استرپتومایسس و کمترین میزان ارتفاع بوته ( 22.33 سانتی‌متر)، وزن خشک شاخساره(18.33 گرم)، وزن خشک ریشه (3.07 گرم)، فسفر ( 0.85%) و پتاسیم ( 1.2%) در بسترهای کاشت بدون کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و بدون مایه‌کوبی با محرک‌های زیستی و در تیمار تنش قطع آبیاری در ابتدای گلدهی بدست آمد. همچنین بالاترین میزان کارواکرول (62%) و گاما-ترپینن (26/9%) در تیمار تنش خشکی (قطع آبیاری در ابتدای گلدهی) و بسترهای حاوی 2 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست در گیاهان مایه‌کوبی شده با باکتری استرپتومایسس بدست آمد. نتیجه‌گیری: کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست همراه با باکتری‌های محرک رشد را می‌توان به‌عنوان کودهای کشاورزی پایدار حاوی میکروارگانیسم‌های مفید برای بهبود عملکرد رشد و اجزای اسانس گیاه مرزه در شرایط تنش خشکی و بدون تنش پیشنهاد کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ باکترهای محرک رشد؛ تنش خشکی؛ مرزه؛ ورمی‌کمپوست | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of PGPRS and vermicompost on some morphological parameters, nutrients and essential oil composition of Satureja hortensis L. under drought stress conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| O. Heidarpour1؛ B. Esmaielpour2؛ A. Soltani3؛ zahra aslani4 | ||
| 1Faculty of Agriculture Science , Mohaghegh Ardabili University | ||
| 2- | ||
| 3Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University | ||
| 4Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants that grows in different parts of the world, including Iran. Water deficit has adverse effects on physiological processes such as photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, development and division of cells, and accumulation and transfer of nutrients, thus reducing the performance of plants. In contrast, biofertilizers play a prominent role in the growth and development of plants by improving the absorption of nutrients and sufficient water through changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil. This study aimed to investigate the effect of drought stress, growth-promoting bacteria (PGPRS) and vermicompost on the yield, amount of nutrients and essential components of the savory plant. Materials and methods: A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Research Farm at the Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Iran, from 2016-2017. Treatments included three levels of drought stress (Full irrigation (S1), Water cut at 50% of flowering (S2), and water cut in early stages of flowering (S3), four vermicompost levels (including 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 t. ha-1) and included inoculation with microorganisms at three levels (non-inoculation, inoculation with Streptomyces and Pseudomonas fluorescens p15). Before planting, the seeds were inoculated with biological stimulants. Then, seeds were cultivated in rows at a distance of 25 cm between the rows, 20 cm on rows and at a depth of 0.5 cm. To apply the irrigation treatment, the field's soil was investigated in the horizon of the plant roots up to a depth of 20 cm by digging a profile. The weight method was used to control water. Field capacity (FC) and permanent wilting point (PWP) were measured using intact samples 24 hours after soil saturation for field capacity and placed in a suction device with 15 atmospheres of negative pressure for permanent wilting point. The corresponding values for the soil at a depth of 0 to 30 cm were determined according to the layering of the soil, and from their difference, the amount of usable soil water (AW) was determined. During the test, the usable water (depending on the plant's growth stage) was determined by the soil sampling cylinder and transferred to the oven in the form of moisture percentage by weight. The examined parameters included plant height, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and concentration of phosphorus, potassium, and essential oil components. Results: Based on the obtained results, drought stress, vermicompost, and inoculation with PGPRS had a significant effect on the measured parameters. So that the maximum plant height (62.36 cm), shoot dry weight (28.72 grams) and root dry weight (6.35 grams), phosphorus (1.3 percent) and potassium absorption (3.3 percent) were obtained under non-stress conditions, application of vermicompost two tons per hectare of and inoculation with Streptomyces bacteriaand the lowest amount of plant height (22.33 cm), shoot dry weight (18.33 grams), dry weight roots (3.07 grams), phosphorus (0.85 percent) and potassium (1.2 percent) were observed in the planting beds without vermicompost application and non-inoculation with biological stimulants and in severity drought stress. Also, the highest amount of carvacrol (62%) and gamma-terpinene (26.9%) was obtained in the treatment of severe drought stress and beds containing two tons per hectare of vermicompost in plants inoculated with Streptomyces. Conclusion: Vermicompost with growth-promoting bacteria can be a sustainable agricultural fertilizer containing beneficial microorganisms that improve the growth performance and essential components of savory plants under drought stress and non-stress conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Essential oil, plant growth-promoting bacteria, drought stress, Satureja hortensis L, vermicompost | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Ahmadi, Sh., Sefidkon, F., Abbaszadeh, B. and Farhadi, M., 2023. Evaluation of the effect of nutrition on the quantity and quality of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad essential oils in ecological conditions of Khorramabad. ECO phytochemistry of medicinal plants, 11(1): 36-48. - Amani Machiani, M., Javanmard, A., Morshedloo, M.R., Aghaee, A. and Maggi, F., 2021. Funneliformis mosseae inoculation under water deficit stress improves the yield and phytochemical characteristics of thyme in intercropping with soybean. Scientific Reports, 11: 15279. - Ansary, M.H., Asadi Rahmani, H., Ardakani, M.R., Paknejad, F., Habibi, H. and Mafakheri, S., 2012. Effect of Pseudomonas fluorescent on Proline and Phytohormonal Status of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Water Deficit Stress. Annals of Biological Research, 3(2): 1054-1062. - Arshad, M., Shaharoona, B. and Mahmood, T., 2008. Inoculation with Pseudomonas spp. Containing ACC-Deaminase Partially Eliminates the Effects of Drought Stress on Growth, Yield, and Ripening of Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Pedosphere, 18(5): 611-620. - Aslani, Z., Hassani, A., Mandoulakani, B.A., Barin, M. and Maleki, R., 2023. Effect of drought stress and inoculation treatments on nutrient uptake, essential oil and expression of genes related to monoterpenes in sage (Salvia officinalis). Scientia Horticulturae, 309: 111610. - Banchio, E., Bogino, P.C., Zygadlo, J. and Giordano, W., 2008. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improve growth and essential oil yield in Origanum majorana L. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 36(10): 766-771. - Bahadur, A., Batool, A., Nasir, F., Jiang, S., Mingsen, Q., Zhang, Q. and Feng, H., 2019. Mechanistic insights into arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated drought stress tolerance in plants. International journal of molecular sciences, 20(17): 1-18. - Danaee, E. and Abdossi, V., 2022. The effects of drought stress and sodium nitroprusside on growth indices and enzymatic activity of Satureja hortensis. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 35(2): 326-341. - Darakeh, S.A.S.S., Weisany, W., Tahir, N.A.R. and Schenk, P.M., 2022. Physiological and biochemical responses of black cumin to vermicompost and plant biostimulants: Arbuscular mycorrhizal and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Industrial Crops and Products, 188: 115557. - De Ridder, N. and Van Keulen, H., 1995. Estimating biomass through transfer functions based on simulation model results: a case study for the Sahel. Agricultural water management, 28(1): 57-71. - Devnarain, N., Crampton, B.G., Chikwamba, R., Becker, J.V.W. and Kennedy, M.M., 2016. Physiological responses of selected African sorghum landraces to progressive water stress and re-watering. South African Journal of Botany, 103: 61-69. - Ghosh, D., Lin, Q., Xu, J. and Hellmann, H.A., 2017. How plants deal with stress: Exploration through proteome investigation. Frontiers in plant science, 8: 1176. - Goswami, M. and Suresh, D.E.K.A., 2020. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria alleviators of abiotic stresses in soil: a review. Pedosphere, 30(1): 40-61. - Goswami, D., Thakker, J.N. and Dhandhukia, P.C., 2016. Portraying mechanics of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): A review. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 2(1): 1127500. - Gontaru, L., Plander, S. and Simandi, B., 2008. Investigation of Satureja hortensis L. as a possible source of natural antioxidants. Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry, 36: 39-42. - Gosal, S.K., Karlupia, A., Gosal, S.S., Chhibba, M. and Varma, A., 2010. Biotization with Piriformospora indica and Pseudomonas fluorescens improves survival rate, nutrient acquisition, field performance and saponin content of micropropagated Chlorophytumsp. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 9: 289-297. - Goudjal, Y., Zamoum, M., Sabaou, N., Mathieu, F. and Zitouni, A., 2016. Potential of endophytic Streptomyces spp. for biocontrol of Fusarium root rot disease and growth promotion of tomato seedlings. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 26(12): 1691-1705. - Glick, B.P., 2012. Plant growth-promoting bacteria: Mechanisms and applications. Scientifica, 2012: 963401. - Hamada, A.M. and EL-enany, A.E., 1994. Effect of NaCl salinity on growth, pigment and mineral element contents, and gas exchange of broad bean and pea plants. Biologia Plantarum, 36: 75-81. - Heidarpour, O., Esmaielpour, B., Soltani, A.A. and Khorramdel, S., 2019. Effect of vermicompost on essential oil composition of (Satureja hortensis L.) under water stress condition. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 22(2): 484-492. - Hussain, H.A., Hussain, S., Khaliq, A., Ashraf, U., Anjum, S.A., Men, S. and Wang, L., 2018. Chilling and drought stresses in crop plants: Implications, cross talk, and potential management opportunities. Frontiers in plant science, 9: 1-21. - Ievinsh, G., Andersone-Ozola, U. and Zeipiņa, S., 2020. Comparison of the effects of compost and vermicompost soil amendments in organic production of four herb species. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, 36(4): 267-282. - Jahani, M., Besharati, H. and Golchin, A., 2011. Effect of iron and zinc enriched vermicompost on plant dry weight and seedling emergence of corn single crass 704. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, 25(1): 33-38. - Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Wani, P.A. and Oves, M., 2009. Role of plants growth–promotin g rhizobacteria in the remediation of metal contaminated soil. Environmental chemistry letters,7: 1-19. - Kleinwachter, M. and Selmar, D., 2014. New insights explainthat drought stress enhances the quality of spice and medicinal plants: potential applications. Environmental chemistry letters, 35: 121-131. - Khosropour, E., Weisany, W., Tahir, N.A.R. and Hakimi, L., 2021. Vermicompost and biochar can alleviate cadmium stress through minimizing its uptake and optimizing biochemical properties in Berberis integerrima bunge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(12): 17476-17486. - Khalediyan, N., Weisany, W. and Schenk, P.M., 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizae and rhizobacteria improve growth, nutritional status and essential oil production in Ocimum basilicum and Satureja hortensis. Industrial Crops and Products, 160: 113163. - Kutlu, M., Cakamkci, R., Hosseinpour, A. and Karagoz, H., 2019. The use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)s effect on essential oil rate, essential oil content, some morphological parameters and nutrient uptake of Turkish oregano. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(2): 1641-1653. - Kour, D., Rana, K.L., Kaur, T., Sheikh, I., Yadav, A.N., Kumar, V. and Saxena, A.K., 2020. Microbe-mediated alleviation of drought stress and acquisition of phosphorus in great millet (Sorghum bicolour L.) by drought-adaptive and phosphorus-solubilizing microbes. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 23: 101501. - Lightfield, J., Fram, N.R. and Ely, B., 2011. Across bacterial phyla, distantly-related genomes with similar genomic GC content have similar patterns of amino acid usage. PLoS One, 6(3): e17677. - Lotfi, M., Abbaszadeh, B. and Mirza, M., 2014. The effect of drought stress on morphology, proline content and soluble carbohydrates of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30(1): 19-29. - Mahmood, G., Porang, K., Mohammad, N. and Hamid, L., 2023. Effects of Salicylic Acid and Microorganisms on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics (Satureja hortensis L.) under Drought Stress. European Journal of Biology, 82(1): 12-22. - Mafakheri, S., Omidbaigi, R., Sefidkon, F. and Rejali, F., 2012. Effect of vermicompost, biophosphate and azotobacter on quantity and quality of essential oil of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 27(4): 596-605. - Mohammadi, H., Dashi, R., Farzaneh, M., Parviz, L. and Hashempour, H., 2017. Effects of beneficial root pseudomonas on morphological, physiological, and phytochemical characteristics of Satureja hortensis (Lamiaceae) under water stress. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 40(1): 41-48. - Nagananda, G.S., Das, A., Bhattacharya, S. and Kalpana, T., 2010. In vitro studies on the effects of biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Rhizobium) on seed germination and development of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. using a novel glass marble containing liquid medium. International Journal of Botany, 6: 394-403. - Nasiroleslami, E., Mozafari, H., Sadeghi-Shoae, M., Habibi, D. and Sani, B., 2021. Changes in yield, protein, minerals, and fatty acid profile of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under fertilizer management involving application of nitrogen, humic acid, and seaweed extract. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 21(4): 2642-2651. - Omid Beigi, R., 2001. Production and Processing of Medicinal Plants. Vol. 3, Edition 5, Tehran, Astan Quds Razavi Publishing House, Tehran, Iran, 400p (In Persian). - Özenç, D.B., 2008. Growth and transpiration of tomato seedlings grown in hazelnut husk compost under water-deficit stress. Compost Science and Utilization, 16: 125-131. - Parsa, M., Kamaei, R. and Yousefi, B., 2022. Effect of chemical and biological fertilizers on the physiological characteristics and activity of some antioxidant enzymes of peppermint (Mentha piperita) under drought stress conditions. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 35(4): 866-881. - Pant, A.P. Radovich, T.J., Hue, N.V., Talcott, S.T. and Krenek, K.A., 2009. Vermicompost extracts influence growth,mineral nutrients, phytonutrients and antioxidant activity in pak choi (Brassica rapa cv. Bonsai, Chinensis group) grown under vermicompost and chemical fertiliser. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89: 2383-2392. - Pramanik, P., Ghosh, G.K., Ghosal, P.K. and Banik, P., 2007. Changes in organic C, N, P and K and enzyme activities in vermicompost of biodegradable organic wastes under liming and microbial inoculants. Bioresource Technology, 98: 2485-2494. - Rahimi, A. and Babakhanzadeh Sejirani, E., 2021. Effect of vermicompost and some macro-elements on growth, absorption of nutrients and quantity and quality of savory essential oil (Satureja hortensis L). Plant Production Research, 27(4): 133-149. - Rahimi, A., Gitari, H., Lyons, G., Heydarzadeh, S., Tuncturk, M. and Tuncturk, R., 2023. Effects of vermicompost, compost and animal manure on vegetative growth, physiological and antioxidant activity characteristics of Thymus vulgaris L. Under water stress. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 33(1): 40-53. - Rezaei-Chiyaneh, E., Mahdavikia, H., Alipour, H., Dolatabadian, A., Battaglia, M. L., Maitra, S. and Harrison, M.T., 2023. Biostimulants alleviate water deficit stress and enhance essential oil productivity: a case study with savory. Nature, Scientific Reports, 13(1): 720. - Saeednejad, A.H. and Rezvani Moghaddam, P., 2010. Effect of compost, vermicompost and cattle manure on yield, yield components and oil content of Cuminum cyminum. Horticultural Science, 24: 142-148. (in Persian) - Sadeghi, A., Karimi, E., Dahaji, P.A., Javid, M.G., Dalvand, Y. and Askari, H., 2012. Plant growth-promoting activity of an auxin and siderophore producing isolate of Streptomyces under saline soil conditions. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 28: 1503-1509. - Saha, S., Jeon, B.H., Kurade, M.B., Govindwar, S.P., Chatterjee, P.K., Oh, S.E. and Lee, S.S., 2019. Interspecies microbial nexus facilitated methanation of polysaccharidic wastes. Bioresource technology, 289: 121638. - Saki, A., Mozafari, H., Asl, K.K., Sani, B. and Mirza, M., 2019. Plant yield, antioxidant capacity and essential oil quality of Satureja mutica supplied with cattle manure and wheat straw in different plant densities. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 50(21): 2683-2693. - Selmar, D. and Kleinwächter, M., 2013. Stress enhances the synthesis of secondary plant products: the impact of stress-related over-reduction on the accumulation of natural products. Plant and Cell Physiol, 6(54): 817-826. - Sharma, S.B., Sayyed, R.Z., Trivedi, M.H. and Gobi, T.A., 2013. Phosphate solubilizing microbes: sustainable approach for managing phosphorus deficiency in agricultural soils. SpringerPlus, 2: 587. - Van Loon, L.C., 2007. Plant response to plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 119: 243-254. - Weisany, W., Raei, Y., Salmasi, S.Z., Sohrabi, Y. and Ghassemi‐Golezani, K., 2016. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induced changes in rhizosphere, essential oil and mineral nutrients uptake in dill/common bean intercropping system. Annals of Applied Biology, 169(3): 384-397. - Zaidi, Z., Ahmad, E., Saghir Khan, M., Saif, S. and Rizvi, A., 2015. Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable production of vegetables: current perspective. Scientia Horticulturae, 193: 231-239. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 625 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 382 |
||