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فراسنجههای زیستی مینوز گوجهفرنگی Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) روی گیاهان میزبان مختلف | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 43، شماره 3، مرداد 1402، صفحه 275-288 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.61186/jesi.43.3.7 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهرام ناصری* 1؛ عباس رحیمی آشجردی1؛ فاطمه حمزوی2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی سراوان، سراوان، سیستان و بلوچستان. ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شبپرهی مینوز گوجهفرنگی Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) یکی از مخربترین آفات گوجهفرنگی در مزرعه و گلخانهها است. فراسنجههای زیستی این شبپره روی سه میزبان گیاهی از تیره بادنجانیان شامل چهار رقم گوجه فرنگی (وسترن رد، متین، سرین و ریوگراند)، سه رقم بادنجان (کاسپر سفید، راویا و مروارید گرد) و سه رقم فلفل (باچاتا، لورکا و نیروین) بررسی شد. طول دوره مراحل نابالغ، نرخ بقاء هر مرحله، طول عمر حشرات کامل نر و ماده و میزان زادآوری آفت روی برگ ارقام مورد آزمایش بررسی شد. آزمایشها در دمای 2 ± 25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 65 درصد و دوره نوری ۱۶ ساعت روشنایی و ۸ ساعت تاریکی انجام شد. نتایج مقایسه آماری ارقام مربوط به هر میزبان گیاهی نشان داد که تمامی پارامترهای جدول زندگی محاسبه شده حشره روی ارقام گوجه-فرنگی و ارقام بادنجان اختلاف معنیداری نداشتند. با این حال، در بین ارقام فلفل، نرخ خالص تولیدمثل، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت در رقم لورکا بیشتر از ارقام نیروین و باچاتا بود. نتایج مقایسه بین ارقام میزبانهای مختلف نشان داد که بیشترین درصد بقای مراحل نابالغ روی گوجهفرنگی رقمهای سرین و متین و کمترین درصد بقاء روی فلفل رقمهای لورکا و نیروین بود. طولانیترین دوره مراحل نابالغ روی فلفل ارقام باچاتا و نیروین به دست آمد. کمترین زادآوری روی ارقام فلفل باچاتا و نیروین مشاهده شد. کمترین نرخ خالص تولیدمثل، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت برای ارقام باچاتا و نیروین فلفل ثبت شد. به طور کلی، ارقام گوجهفرنگی، حساس به آفت بوده و رقم کاسپر سفید بادنجان به همراه ارقام باچاتا و نیروین فلفل از مقاومت نسبی بالاتری در برابر این آفت برخوردار بودند. اطلاعات حاصل از این پژوهش امکان استفاده از قابلیتهای ارقام مقاوم را به منظور مدیریت جمعیت شب پره مینوز گوجه فرنگی در زمان طغیان آن فراهم میکند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| زادآوری؛ ارقام مقاوم؛ رشد جمعیت؛ بادنجانیان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Life history parameters of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on various host plants | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bahram Naseri1؛ Abbas Rahimi Ashjerdi1؛ Fatemeh Hamzavi2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Adrabil, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Higher Education Complex of Saravan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Saravan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is one of the most destructive pests of tomato in field and greenhouses. Llife history and population growth of this pest were investigated on three solanaceous plants including four varieties of tomato (Western Red, Matin, Serin, and Rio-Grand), three varieties of eggplant (White-Casper, Ravia, and Pearl-Ground) and three varieties of sweet pepper (Bachata, Lorca, and Nirvin). The developmental time, survival, longevity, and fecundity of the pest on the leaves of tested varieties were investigated. The experiments were conducted at 25 ± 2°C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) h. The results of the statistical comparison of the varieties within each host plant showed that life table parameters of the insect were not significantly different on tomato varieties and on eggplant varieties. However, among pepper varieties, the net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase rate on variey Lorca were higher than on Nervin and Bachata. The results of comparison among varieties of different hosts showed that the highest immature survival was observed on tomato, varieties Serin and Matin, and the lowest survival was seen on pepper, varieties Lorca and Nirvin. The longest developmental time was obtained on pepper, varieties Bachata and Nirvin. The lowest fecundity and the shortest oviposition period were found on pepper, varieties Bachata and Nirvin. The net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase were lowest on pepper, varieties Bachata and Nirvin, and other varieties showed no significant differences. In general, tomato varieties were susceptible,, and eggplant variety White-Casper and pepper varieties Bachata and Nirvin were partially resistant against T. absoluta. This information provides the possibility of using these varieties in order to manage T. absoluta populations during its outbreak. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Fecundity, resistant varieties, population growth, solanaceae | ||
| مراجع | ||
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