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یادگیری اجتنابی در Bombus terrestris Audax (Hymenoptera: Apidae): پاسخ به شوک الکتریکی در یک محیط شبیه‌سازی شده | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 43، شماره 4، آذر 1402، صفحه 323-335 اصل مقاله (1.23 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، انگلیسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.61186/jesi.43.4.1 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ساجده سرلک1؛ احمد عاشوری* 2؛ سید حسین گلدانساز2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مطالعه رفتار حیوانات، به ویژه حشرات، برای درک جنبه‌های بیولوژیکی و تکاملی آن‌ها، کاربردهای گسترده در علوم‌کشاورزی، مدیریت آفات، زیست‌شناسی حفاظتی و علوم اعصاب دارد. بررسی ویژگی‌های شناختی، به‌ویژه یادگیری اجتنابی، نقشی اساسی در درک موفقیت حشرات دارد. این توانایی تطبیقی حیوانات را قادر می‌سازد تا در محیط خود به طور موثر با عوامل استرس‌زا مقابله کنند. در این مطالعه، توانایی یادگیری اجتنابی زنبورهای کارگر Bombus terrestris Audax، گرده‌افشان مهم در اکوسیستم‌های مختلف، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. زنبورها در یک محفظه‌ی پرواز با استفاده از گل‌های مصنوعی مجهز به شوک الکتریکی برای شبیه‌سازی شرایطی که بتوانند تنبیه را در کنار منابع غذایی موجود شناسایی و با نشانه‌ها مرتبط کنند، آموزش داده و آزمایش شدند. نتایج نشان داد که زنبورها توانایی شناسایی همزمان تهدیدات بالقوه همراه با منابع غذایی را دارند، که نشان‌دهنده یک حافظه دوگانه اجتنابی - اشتیاقی است. علاوه بر این، مقایسه گروه‌هایی که با محرک‌های آزاردهنده (شوک الکتریکی) و خنثی (آب مقطر) آموزش داده شدند، نشان داد که نشانه‌های خطر منجر به یادگیری سریع‌تر و شکل‌گیری حافظه قوی‌تر می‌شود. هدف این دستگاه شرطی‌سازی بررسی واکنش زنبورها در مواجهه با خطرات احتمالی، شبیه به موقعیت‌های جستجوگری در زندگی واقعی بود. این یافته‌ها بینشی در مورد استراتژی‌های بقای حشرات در محیط‌های چالش‌برانگیزی که تأثیرات منفی بر جمعیت زنبورها دارد، ارائه می‌دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رفتارشناسی حشرات؛ زنبور مخملی؛ یادگیری اجتنابی؛ گرده افشانی؛ گرده افشان ها؛ یادگیری شرطی؛ توانایی‌های شناختی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Aversive learning in Bombus terrestris Audax (Hymenoptera: Apidae): responses to electric shock in a simulated environment | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sajedeh Sarlak1؛ Ahmad Ashouri2؛ Seyed Hosein Goldansaz2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The study of animal behavior, particularly in insects, is crucial for understanding their biological and evolutionary aspects, with wide-ranging applications in agricultural science, pest management, conservation biology, and neuroscience. Investigating cognitive characteristics, specifically aversive learning, plays a pivotal role in comprehending the success of insects. This adaptive ability enables animals to efficiently cope with the stressful factors in their environment. In this study, we investigated the aversive learning capabilities of Bombus terrestris Audax workers, crucial pollinators across diverse ecosystems. Bees were trained and tested in a flight arena using artificial flowers equipped with electric shocks to simulate conditions wherebees could associate punishment alongside food resources with available cues. The result suggested that bees possess the ability to simultaneously detect potential threats and food resources, indicating a dual aversive-appetitive memory. Furthermore, comparing groups trained with aversive (electric shock) and neutral (distilled water) stimuli showed that danger cues led to faster learning and stronger memory formation. This conditioning setup aimed to simulate real-life foraging situations, exploring bee responses when confronted with potential dangers. These findings provide insights into the survival strategies of insects in challenging environments that negatively impact bee populations. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| aversive learning, pollination, pollinator, cognitive abilities, insect behavior, free-flying bees, conditioning | ||
| مراجع | ||
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