Altieri, M.A. 1999. The ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 74: 19-31.
Balint, A.F., Kovacs, G., Erdei., and Sutka, J. 2001. Comparison of the Cu, Zn, Fe and Mg contents of the grains of wild, ancient and cultivated species. Cereal Research Communications, 29: 375-382.
Barraclough, P.B., Howarth, J.R., Jones, J., Lopez-Bellido, R., Parmar, S., Shepherd, C.E., and Hawkesford, M. J. 2010. Nitrogen efficiency of wheat. Genotypic and environmental variation and prospects for improvement. European Journal of Agronomy, 33: 1-11.
Baumann, D.T., Bastiaans, L., and Kropff, M.J. 2001. Effects of intercropping on growth and reproductive capacity of late- emerging Senecio vulgaris L., with spatial reference to competition for light. Annals of Botany, 87: 209-217.
Borg, J., Kiear, L.P., Lecarpenter, C., Gldringer, L., Gauffreteau, A., Saint-jean, S., Barrot, S., and Enjalbert. J. 2018. Unfolding the potential of wheat cultivar mixture: a meta-analysis perspective and I dentification of knowledge, gaps. Field Crops Research, 221: 298-313.
Cassman, Kenneth G., Dobermann, Achim R., and Walters, Daniel T., "Agroecosystems, Nitrogen-use Efficiency, and Nitrogen Management" (2002). Agronomy & Horticulture -- Faculty Publications. 356.
http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/agronomyfacpub/356
Davis, J.H.C., Woolley, J.N., and Moreno, R.A. 1986. Multiple Cropping with Legumes and Starchy Roots. MacMillan Publishing Company New York. Pp: 82-110.
Dhugga, K.S., and Waines, J.G. 1989. Analysis of nitrogen accumulation and use in bread and durum wheat. Crop Science, 29: 1232–1239.
Di Paolo, E., and Rinaldi, M. 2008. Yield response of corn to irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research,105: 202–210.
Doring, T.F., Annicchiearico, P., Clake, S., Haigh, Z., Jones, H.E., Pearce, H., Snape, J., Zhan, J., and Wolfe, M.S. 2015. Comparative analysis of Performance and Stability among composite cross population, variety mixture and pure lines of winter wheat in organic and conventional cropping system. Field Crops Research, 183: 235-245.
Faizeabadi, A., and Emamveridan, A. 2012. Evaluation of the effect of mixed cultivation of cultivars on the agronomic characteristics of wheat yield. Journal of Agroecology, Vol 4: 144-150 (In Persian).
Fang, Y., Xu, B.C., Liu, L., GU, Y.J., Liu, Q. Q., Turner, N.C., and Li, F.M. 2014. Does amixture of old and modern winter wheat cultivars increase yield and water use efficiency in water- limited enviroments. Field Crops Research, 156: 12-21.
Finckh, M.R., Gacek, E.S., Goyeau, H., Lannou,U., M, C.C., Munk, L., Nadziak, J., Newton, A.C., De Vallavielle-pope, C., and Wolfe, M.S. 2000. Cereal variety and Species mixture in practice, with emphasis on disease resistance. Agronomy, 20: 813-837.
Fortin, M.C., Culley, J., and Edwards, M.1994. Soil water, plant growth, and yield of strip-intercropped corn. Journal of Production Agriculture, 7: 63–69.
Guarino, L., Ramana, V., and Rao, R. 1995. Collecting Plant Genitic Diversity. John wiley and Sone, New York.
Jafari, L. 2018. Evaluation of nitrogen efficiency indicators in the historical reform process different cultivars of wheat and corn. Ph.D.Thessis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian with English Summary).
Juskiw, P.E., Helm, J.H., and Burnett, P.A. 2001. Three-component barley mixtures: Ratio effects in replacement series. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 81(4), 651-656.
Kashti, A. 2001. Investigating the combined cultivation of cucumber, bell pepper and eggplant. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23 (2), 53-65 (In Persian with English Summary)
Kaut, A.H.E.E., Mason, H.E., Navabi, A., O’Donovan, J.T., and Spaner, D. 2008. Performance and stability of performance of spring wheat variety mixtures in or ganic and conventional management systems in western Canada. Journal of Agricultural Science, 147(2), 141-143.
Khairkhwah, K., Koocheki, A., Nasiri Mahallati, M., Khorramdel, S., and Nazarian, R. 2022. The effect of increasing genetic diversity through the mixture of wheat cultivars on grain yield and protein. Under Press.
Khazaei, H., Feizabadi, A., and Emamverdian, A., 2010. Study of interspecific competition in mixed cropping of wheat cultivars. The 3rd Iranian Weed science Congress 616-619. (In Persian with English Summary)
Kiar, L.P. P., Skovgaard, L.M., and Ostard, H. 2009, yield increase in cereal vaietiy miztures: ameta-anaysis of field trial. Field Crops Research, 114:361-373.
Koocheki, A., and Nassiri Mahallati, M.2004. Contribution from College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Agricultural Research Center. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi 63: 70–83. (In Persian with English Summary)
Koocheki, A., Khorramdel, S., Fallahpour, F., and Melti, F. 2011. Evaluation of light absorption and consumption efficiency in row crop cultivation of wheat and canola. Iranian Journal of Crop Research, Volume 11, Number 4: 534-543. (In Persian with English Summary)
Ladha, J.K., Pathak, H., Krupnik, T.J., Six, J., and Van Kessel, C. 2005. Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production retrospects and prospects. Advances in Agronomy, 87: 85–156.
Mandani, F., Bogori Hossein Abad, A., Saidi, M., Bagheri, A., and Heydari, H. 2019. Evaluation of nitrogen absorption and consumption efficiency in wheat cultivars (Triticum.L aestivum) under the weather conditions of Kermanshah. Agroecology, 11(1), 87-102. (In Persian with English Summary)
Mazaheri, D., Pasari, B., and Peighambari, E. 2002. Study of growth analysis in mono culture and mixed cropping of soybean cultivars. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 54: 37-54. (In Persian with English Summary)
Mclaughlin, A., and Minrau, P. 1995. The impact of agricultural practices on biodiversity. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 55: 201-212.
Mirdoraghi, M., Taghizadeh, M.S., and Behpouri, A. 2018. Characteristics of the root system in durum wheat (Triticum durum) genotype mixtures affected by water stress. 15th Natioual. Iranian. Crop. Sci. Congress. Sep. 4-6, Karaj, Iran 451-459. (In Persian with English Summary)
Mohsenabadi, G.R., Jahansooz, M.R., Chaichi, M.R., Rahimian Mashhadi, H., Liaghat, A.M., and Savaghebi, G.R. 2008. Evaluation of barley–vetch intercropp at different nitrogen rates. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 10: 23-31. (In Persian with English Summary)
Moll, R.H., Kamprath, E.J., and Jackson, W.A. 1982. Analysis and interpretation of factors which contribute to efficiency of nitrogen utilization. Agronomy Journal, 74: 562– 564.
Montemuro, F., Maiorana, M., Ferri, D., and Convertini, G. 2006. Nitrogen indicators, uptake and utilization efficiency in a maize and barley rotation cropped at different levels and source of N fertilization. Field Crops Research, 99: 114-124.
Moqimi Moqadam, S., Klaritaqi, K., and Sadrabadi, R. 2020. M.Sc. thesis of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University- Mashhad branch 9-12. (In Persian with English Summary)
Naderianfar, M., and Dehghan, H. 2020. Investigation of water use efficiency of wheat and barley in arable lands of sistan plain. Journal of Crop Science Research in Arid Regions, 2(1), 2-7. (In Persian with English Summary)
Nassiri Mahallati, M., and Koocheki, A. 2014. Trend analysis of nitrogen use and productivity in cereal production system of Iran. Journal of Agroecology, 6: 1-25. (In Persian with in English Summary).
Nassiri Mahallati, M., Koocheki, A., and Jahan, M. 2011. Light interception and utilization efficiency in relay intercropping of winter wheat and corn. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8 (6), 878-890. (In Persian with English Summary)
Newton, A.C., Bagg, G.S., and Swanston, J.S. 2009. Deployment of diversity for enhanced crop function. Annals of Applied Biology, 154: 309-322.
Nelson, D.W., and Sommers, L.E. 1973. Determination of total nitrogen in plant material. Agronomy Journal, 65: 109-112.
Ofosu – Budu, K.G., Noumura, K., and Fujita, K. 1995. N 2 fixation, N transfer and biomass production of soybean cv. Bragg or its supernodulating nts1007 and sorghum mixed–cropping at two rates of N fertilizer. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27: 311-317.
Ortiz–Monasterio, J.I., Sayre, K.D., Rajaram, S., and McMahon, M. 1997. Genetic progress in wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency under four nitrogen rates. Crop Science, 37: 898–904.
Østergård, H., Finckh, M.R., Fontaine, L., Goldringer, I., Hoad, S.P., Kristensen, K., and Wolfe, M.S. 2009. Time for a shift in crop production: Embracing complexity through diversity at all levels. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89(9),1439-1445.
Reis, E.R. 2017. Cultivar mixtures: a meta-analysis of the effect of in treaspicific diversity of crop yield. Ecological Applications, 28: 62-77.
Rezvani Moqadam, P., Khorramdel, S., Latifi, H., Farzaneh Belgerdi, M.R., and Davarpanah, S.J. 2021. Optimization of irrigation and nitrogen levels on yield, water use efficiency, and nitrogen use efficiency of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) by using the surface-response methodology. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, Vol. 19: 185-199 (In Persian with English summary).
Shand, H. 1997. Human nature: Agriculture biodiversity and Farm-Based Food security.Ottawa, Ontario. Rural Advancement Foundation International.
Singh, B.D. 1990. Plant Breeding.Kalyari Pub. India.
Tang, J., Xie, X., Chen, J., and Yu, L. 2008. Genetic diversity reduce Echinochloa crus-galli infestation? Weed Research, 49: 47-54.
Taylor, A.T., Smith, C. J., and Wilson, I. B. 1991. Effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield, oil content, nitrogen accumulation and water use of canola (Brassica napus L.). Fertilizer Research, 29 (3), 249-260.
Timsina, J., and Conor, D.J. 2001. Productivity and management of rice–wheat cropping systems: issues and challenges. Field Crops Research, V (69), 2: 93-132.
Van Sanford, D.A., and Mackown, C.T., 1986.Variation in nitrogen use efficiency among soft red winter wheat genotypes. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 72: 158–163.
Tupitsyn, N.V., Waines, J.G., and Lyashok, A. K. 1986. Water uptake by the root system of the spring wheats Botanicheskaya 3 and Orenburgskaya 7 in relation to their drought resistance. Plant Breeding, 57: 799-815.
Wolfe, M. S.1985. The current status and prospects of multiline cultivars and variety mixtures for disease resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 23: 251-273.
Zhang, F.Y., Wu, P.T., Zhao, X.N., and Cheng, X. F. 2012. Water-saving mechanisms of intercropping system in improving cropland water use efficiency. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 23 (5), 1400-1406.
Zhou, K.Q.,Wang, G.D., Li, Y.H., Liu, X.B., Herbert, S.J., and Hashemi, M. 2014. Assessing variety mixture of continuous spring wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) on grain yield and flour quality in Northeast China. International Journal of Plant Production, 8(1), 91-105.