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پاسخ Trichogramma brassicae به افزایش دما با تکیه بر روش‌های مولکولی و زیستی | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 43، شماره 3، مرداد 1402، صفحه 195-205 اصل مقاله (1.03 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.61186/jesi.43.3.1 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پوریا آبرون1؛ حسین مددی* 1؛ آرش زیبایی2؛ فواد فاتحی3 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| افزایش دمای کره زمین یکی از جدیدترین مشکلاتی است که زیست‌بوم زمین را تهدید می‌کند. حشرات به عنوان موجوداتی خونسرد وابستگی زیادی به دمای محیط از خود نشان می‌دهند به گونه‌ای که با افزایش دمای کره زمین در پراکنش، فعالیت و پراسنجه‌های زیستی آن‌ها تغییراتی به وجود می‌آید. زنبور Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک در ایران است که برای مهار بسیاری از گونه‌های بالپولکداران مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. در این مطالعه بررسی تغییرات دما روی پراسنجه‌های زیستی و بیان دو ژن شوک حرارتی HSP70 و HSP90 زنبور T. brassicae در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بدین منظور کلنی اصلی این زنبورها به دو قسمت تقسیم و هر کدام از کلنی‌های جدید به مدت 20 نسل در دو دمای 30 و 33 درجه سلسیوس پرورش داده شدند. بعد از 20 نسل پراسنجه‌هایی مانند درصد پارازیتیسم، نرخ خروج، نسبت جنسی و بیان دو نوع پروتئین دمایی (HSP70 و HSP90) اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که در دمای 33 درجه سلسیوس میزان بیان پروتئین‌های دماییHSP90 به میزان 45/2 برابر و پروتئین دمایی HSP70 به میزان 9/1 برابر بیان آن در دمای 30 درجه سلسیوس بود که نشان‌دهنده وجود اختلاف معنی‌دار در سطح یک درصد بود. نرخ پارازیتیسم در دماهای 30 و 33 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب 09/2±5/53 و 14/2±7/40 به ازای 200 تخم بود. درصد خروج زنبورهای بالغ در شاهد و تیمار به ترتیب 37/0 ± 8/96و 83/0± 8/82 بود. نسبت جنسی ماده‌ها به کل جمعیت در دمای 30 و 33 درجه سلسیوس بترتیب 2/1± 3/62 و 8/0± 9/48 ثبت شد. در دمای 33 درجه دوره رشد پیش از بلوغ برابر با 029/0±3/8 روز و در دمای30 درجه سلسیوس 029/0±15/9 روز محاسبه شد. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد افزایش دمای کره زمین می‌تواند اثربخشی دشمنان طبیعی را کاهش دهد که منجر به افزایش احتمال طغیان آفات خواهد شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پروتئین‌های شوک دمایی؛ زنبور تریکوگراما؛ پراسنجه‌های زیستی؛ بیان ژن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Response of Trichogramma brassicae to increasing temperature using molecular and biological methods | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Pouria Abrun1؛ Hossein Madadi1؛ Arash Zibaee2؛ Foad Fatehi3 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agriculture, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The increase in the earth temperature is one of the latest problems threatening the earth ecosystem. Insects as poikilothermic organisms have a high dependence on their environment's temperature so increasing global temperature makes impressions on their distributions, activity, and biological parameters. Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera.: Trichogrammatidae) wasp is one of the most important biological control agents in Iran used to control many species of lepidopterans. In this study, the effect of temperature changes on biological parameters and the expression of two heat shock genes, HSP70 and HSP90, in T. brassicae was studied under laboratory conditions. At first, the main T. brassicae colony was divided into two groups, each of them was separately reared for 20 generations at 30 and 33° C. Then, biological parameters, such as the rate of parasitism, appearance rate, and sex ratio, beside two heat shock gene expressions were assessed. The results indicated that at 33°C, the HSP90 and HSP70 expressions were 2.45 and 1.9 times more than 30°C, respectively, suggesting significant differences at a 99% confidence level. Furthermore, the parasitism rate of T. brassicae at 30 and 33°C were 53.5±2.09 and 40.7±2.14 (from 200 initial eggs), respectively. The obtained results showed that rearing at higher temperature caused to affect the sex ratio, adult appearance rate, and preadult development time. The results of the current study show that increasing global temperature could be result in reducion of the natural enemies efficacy, which will lead to an increase in the probability of pest outbreaks. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Heat shock proteins, Trichogramma, Biological parameters, Gene expression | ||
| مراجع | ||
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