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تاثیر رژیمهای غذایی طبیعی و مصنوعی بر ویژگی‌های زیستی و تولیدمثلی کرم سیب Cydia pomonella (Lep.: Tortricidae) | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 43، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 63-72 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.52547/jesi.43.1.7 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه فارسی؛ مهرداد احمدی* | ||
| پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته ای، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از رژیم غذایی مصنوعی امکان پرورش بیوقفه حشرات را به منظور انجام تحقیقات گسترده مدیریت کنترلی در تمام طول سال مهیا میسازد. در پژوهش حاضر فراسنجههای جدول زیستی کرم سیب Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) با تغذیه از شش رژیم غذایی مختلف در شرایط آزمایشگاه (1 ± 25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 60 درصد و دوره نوری 8: 16ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی)) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. رژیمهای غذایی شامل 1) نسخه تغییریافته از رژیم Brinton et al. (1969)، 2 و 3) نسخههای تغییریافته از رژیم Bathon (1981)، 4) رژیم Fukova et al. (2005)، 5) سیب و 6) برگ سیب بود. نتایج آزمایشات نشان داد دوره رشد و نمو C. pomonella به طور میانگین 17/51 روز با تغذیه از رژیم یک و 01/48 روز با تغذیه از رژیم شش به عنوان طولانیترین و کوتاهترین دوره رشدی بودند. طول دوره لاروی، طول دوره شفیرگی جنس نر، طول عمر حشرات کامل با تغذیه از رژیمهای غذایی مختلف، اختلاف معنیداری را نشان داد. طولانیترین دوره پیش از تخمریزی (01/2 روز) و دوره تخمریزی (21/7 روز) به ترتیب با تغذیه از رژیمهای شش و پنج، حاصل شد. بیشترین و کمترین میانگین تعداد تخم گذاشته شده بالغین ماده، زمان تغذیه لاروها از رژیم چهار (2/141 تخم/ماده) و شش (3/91 تخم/ماده) بود. بالاترین شاخص رشدی کلیه مراحل زیستی با تغذیه از رژیم چهار بدست آمد. پارامترهای جمعیتی نشان داد که همه رژیمهای غذایی تحت شرایط مورد مطالعه، رشد مثبتی را نشان میدهند ولی میانگین طول نسل (T) با تغذیه از رژیم چهار (14/46 روز) به طور معنیداری کوتاهتر از سایر رژیمها بود. نتایج آزمونهای رشدی پیش از بلوغ و پس از آن، اشاره به این دارد که رژیم چهار، رژیم کارآمدتری است و نیز نتایج زادآوری نشان میدهد این رژیم میتواند در آینده نزدیک بهبود یابد و به عنوان جایگزینی برای رژیم غذایی اصلی لاروهای کرم سیب مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رژیم غذایی مصنوعی؛ Cydia pomonella؛ طول دوره رشد؛ دوره-های تخمریزی؛ زادآوری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of natural and artificial diets on the biological and reproductive characteristics of Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Farsi؛ Mehrdad ََAhmadi | ||
| Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The use of artificial diet provides the possibility of continuous mass- rearing of insects throughout the year. In current research, life- table parameters of Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lep.: Tortricidae) on six different diets under laboratory condition (temperature 25 ± 1 °C, 60±5% RH, and 16:8 hours (light: dark) were investigated. Diets include 1) modified version of the diet of Brinton et al. (1969), 2 and 3) modified versions of the diet of Bathon (1981), 4) diet of Fukova et al. (2005), 5) apple, and 6) apple leaf. The results showed that development time of codling moth were longest (51.17 days) with diet one and shortest (48.01 days) with diet six, respectively. The results of the tests also showed that the larval duration, the pupal duration on male, and the adult longevity in both, female and male, had significant differences. The longest pre-oviposition (2.01d) and oviposition (7.21d) periods were found on diet six and five, respectively. The females that fed on diet four (141.2 egg/female) and six (91.3 egg/female) in the larval period produced the highest and lowest eggs, respectively. The highest growth index of all life stages of codling moth was obtained by feeding the diet four. The population parameters indicated that all diets will display growth under the studied conditions, being the mean generation time (T) significantly shorter when using diet four (46.14 days) than others. Based on the preadult and adult results pointing to diet four being a more efficient diet, as well as the fecundity values provided by this diet, suggest that diet four could be improved and used as an alternative to a natural diet shortly. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Artificial diet, Cydia pomonella, Duration of life, oviposition periods, fecundity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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