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اثرات زیرکشندگی حشره‌کش‌های فلونیکامید و دی‌کلرووس روی فراسنجه‌های جدول زیستی شته جالیز Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) در شرایط گلخانه‌ای | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 43، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 11-21 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.52547/jesi.43.1.2 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هانیه رجبی* 1؛ سیدعلی صفوی1؛ مریم فروزان2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شته جالیز Aphis gossypii Glover یکی از آفات مهم و خسارت‌زا با پراکنش گسترده و دامنه میزبانی وسیع در مزارع و گلخانه‌ها به‌شمار می‌آید. مدیریت رایج شته جالیز در مزارع به استفاده از حشره‌کش‌های شیمیایی به منظور جلوگیری از خسارت اقتصادی وابسته است. در مطالعه حاضر، غلظت‌های کشنده و زیرکشنده حشره‌کش‌های فلونیکامید و دی‌کلرووس از طریق زیست‌سنجی برآورد شد و تاثیر غلظت‌های زیرکشنده (LC10 و LC25) هر یک از آنها روی فراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی شته جالیز در شرایط گلخانه‌ای روی لوبیا چیتی بررسی شد. با توجه به تأثیر تماسی این حشره‌کش‌ها ، از روش پاشش حشره‌کش روی برگ‌های حاوی شته استفاده شد. طبق نتایج به‌دست آمده، میانگین طول عمر افراد بالغ در معرض تیمار‌های حشره‌کش‌ها نسبت به شاهد روند کاهشی داشت و کمترین مقدار آن (42/7 روز) در غلظت LC25 فلونیکامید ثبت شد. میانگین تعداد پوره‌های تولید شده به ازای هر شته ماده در تیمارها نسبت به شاهد به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) به‌ترتیب در شاهد (38/0 بر روز) و LC25 فلونیکامید (21/0 بر روز) بود. کاهش معنی‌داری در نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت () در غلظت‌های زیرکشنده حشره‌کش‌ها نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. متوسط مدت زمان یک نسل (T) در تیمار فلونیکامید نسبت به شاهد به طور معنی-دار افزایش یافت. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر، حشره‌کش فلونیکامید در مقایسه با دی‌کلرووس کارایی بهتر و مؤثرتری در کنترل و کاهش جمعیت شته جالیز داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| حشره‌کش‌های شیمیایی؛ جدول زندگی؛ شته؛ کشندگی و زیرکشندگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Sublethal effects of flonicamid and dichlorvos insecticides on life-table parameters of the melon aphid Aphis gossypii(Hemiptera: Aphididae) under greenhouse conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hanieh Rajabi1؛ Seyed Ali Safavi1؛ Maryam Forouzan2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 2Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of West Azarbaijan, AREEO, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aphis gossypii Glover is considered as the most important and damaging pest with wide host range and distribution on plants in fields and greenhouses. Common cotton aphid management in fields depends on the use of chemical insecticides in order to prevent economic damage. In the present study, lethal and sub-lethal concentrations of flonicamid and dichlorvos insecticides were assessed through bioassays and the effect of sub-lethal concentrations (LC10 and LC25) of each of them was investigated on life table parameters of cotton aphid on pinto beans under greenhouse conditions. Considering the contact effect of these insecticides, the insecticide spraying method was used on leaves containing aphids. According to the results, the female lifespan/longevity was significantly reduced by sub-lethal concentration, compared to the control and its lowest value (7.42 days) was recorded in LC25 concentration of flonicamid. The average number of nymphs produced per female aphid was significantly reduced in the treatments compared to the control. The highest and the lowest values of intrinsic rate of increase (r) were 0.38 per day in control and 0.21 per day in LC25 of flonicamid, respectively. A significant decrease was observed in sub-lethal concentrations of insecticides compared to the control in net reproductive rate (R0) and finite rate of increase (). The mean generation time (T) was significantly increased in flonicamid treatment compared to the control. Based on the findings of the present study, flonicamid had a better and more efficiency in controlling and reducing the population of aphids compared to dichlorvos. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| chemical insecticides, life table, aphid, lethal and sub-lethal | ||
| مراجع | ||
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