Aihua, L., J. Shunyuan, Y. Guang, L. Ying, G. Na, C. Tong, K. Liping, and H. Luqi. 2018. Molecular mechanism of seed dormancy release induced by fluridone compared with cold stratification in Notopterygium incisum. BMC Plant Biology. 18: 1-16.
Alizadeh, M.A., A.A. Hosienpoor Ghazvini, A. Jafari, J. Daneshian. 2017. Effect of different treatment on removing seed dormancy to induction of seed emergence and vigour in some populations of four species of savory (Satureja spp.). Tranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 5: 223-233.
Amouaghaei, R. 2007. The effect of GA3 and moist-chilling on seed dormancy breaking of (Ferula ovina Boiss). Journal of Hydrology and Soil Science. 40: 471-481.
Baskin, J.M. and C.C. Baskin. 1990. Germination ecophysiology of seeds of the winter annual Chaerophyllum tainturieri: a new type of morphophysiological dormancy. Journal of Ecology. 78:993-1004.
Baskin, J.M., and Baskin, C.C. 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research. 14: 1-16.
Bewley, J.D., and M. Black. 2012. Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination: volume 2: viability, dormancy, and environmental control. Springer Science and Business Media. 306-312.
Bewley, J.D., K. Bradford, H. Hilhorst, and H. Nonogaki. 2013. Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy. Springer Science and Business Media.
Chen, S.Y., S.H. Chou, C.C. Tsai, W.Y. Hsu, C.C. Baskin, J.M. Baskin, and L.L. Kuo-Huang. 2015. Effects of moist cold stratification on germination, plant growth regulators, metabolites and embryo ultrastructure in seeds of Acer morrisonense (Sapindaceae). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 94: 165-173.
Darvish, H., M. Zahedi, B. Abbaszadeh, A. Romania. 2016. The importance of cultivation and production of medicinal plants in the economy and industry of the country with a case study of (E. purpurea L). The first national conference on aromatic plants and spices, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan.
Finch-Savage, W.E., G. Leubner-Metzger. 2006. Seed dormancy and the control of germination. New Phytologist. 171: 501-523.
Geshnizjani, N., Ghaderi-Far, F., Willems, L. A., Hilhorst, H. W. and Ligterink, W. 2018. Characterization of and genetic variation for tomato seed thermo-inhibition and thermo-dormancy. BMC plant biology. 18: 1-12.
Ghaderi-Far, F., and Soltani, A. 2014. Seed testing and control. Publications University of Mashhad. 200 pp.
Ghavam, M., Z. Soleimani Nejad. And A. Tavili. 2018. Dormancy breaking of (Ducrosia anethifolia Boiss) seed under the influence of different treatments. New Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Journal. 8: 35-44.
Hassani, S.B., A. Saboora, T. Radjabian, and H. Fallah Husseini. 2009. Effects of temperature, GA3 andCytokinins on breaking seed dormancy of Ferula assa-foetida L. Iranian Journal of Science and Tehnology. 33: 75-85.
Hutchison, C.E., and J.J. Kieber. 2002. Cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell. 14: 47-59.
ISTA, 2022. International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Associations.
Joosen, R.V., J. Kodde, L.A. Willems, W. Ligterink, L.H. van der Plas, and H.W. Hilhorst. 2010. GERMINATOR: a software package for high‐throughput scoring and curve fitting of Arabidopsis seed germination. The Plant Journal. 62: 148-159.
Keshtkar, H.R., H. Azarnivand, and H. Atashi. 2009. Effect of prechilling and GA3 on seed germination of Ferula assa-foetida and Prangos ferulacea. Seed Science and Technology. 37: 464-468.
Keshtkar, H.R., H. Azarnivand, V. Etemad, and S.S. Moosavi. 2008. Seed dormancy-breaking and germination requirements of Ferula ovina and Ferula gummosa. DESERT. 13: 45-51.
Khan, A.A. 1994. Induction of dormancy in non-dormant seeds. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 119: 408-413.
Khosravi-Pour, B., A. Siahpoosh, Z. Mohammadi- Karbalaei. 2015. The importance of cultivating medicinal plants and producing their products in agriculture. 1st National Conference on Herbs and Herbal Medicine. Tehran.
Kumar, A., R. Kumar, S. Singh, S. Sharma, S. Singh, and S. Kumar. 2020. Evaluation of Ferula Assa-Foetida Accessions for Germination Parameters under Cold Stratification to Overcome Seed Dormancy and Effect of Media Mixtures on Seedling Growth. Research Square.
Labbafi, M.R., A. Mehrafarin, H. Naghdi Badi, M. Ghorbani, M. Tavakoli. 2018. Investigating the effect of various chemical and non-chemical treatments break dormancy galbanum seeds Ferula gummosa Boiss. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants. 6: 80-88.
Malek, M., F. Ghaderi-Far, B. Torabi, H.R. Sadeghipour. 2022. Dynamics of seed dormancy and germination at high temperature stress is affected by priming and phytohormones in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Plant Physiology. 269: 153614.
Malek, M., F. Hassani, E. Rezvani Khorshidi, A. Shayanfar, B. Oskoee, and A. Dehshiri. 2022a. Dormancy and Germination Response of Galbanum Seeds under Different Hormonal Pre-treatments and Cold Stratification. Iranian Journal of seed Research. Unpublished
Malek, M., F. Hassani, E. Rezvani Khorshidi, A. Shayanfar, B. Oskoee, and A. Dehshiri. 2022b. Investigation of method for dormancy braking and improve seed quality of priorities medicinal plants (Ferula assa-feotida and Ferula gummosa). Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Research Project of Elite Subjects.
Martin, K.P. 2004. Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in medicinally important centella asiatica L. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Plant. 40: 586-591.
Mozaffarian, V. 2004. Dictionary of Iarnian Plant Names. Farhang moaser. Vol.3. Tehran. 740 p.
Mozaffarian, V. 2007. Flora of Iran, No.: 45 Umbelliferae. Forests and Rangelands Research Institute, Tehran. 595 p.
Novak, J., C. Wawrosch, C. Schmiderer, C.M. Franz, and B. Kopp. 2011. Germination responses of Peucedanum ostruthium (Apiaceae) to genotype, light, temperature and gibberellic acid. Seed Science and Technology. 39: 552-558.
Nowruzian, A., M. Masoumian, M.A. Ebrahimi, Gh.R. Bakhshi khaniki. 2017. Effect of Breaking Dormancy Treatments on Germination of Ferula assafoetida L. Seed. Iranian Journal of Seed Research. 2: 155-169.
Otroshy, M., A. Zamani, M. Khodambashi, M. Ebrahimi, and P.C. Struik. 2010. Effect of exogenous hormones and chilling on dormancy breaking of seeds of asafoetida (Ferula assafoetida L.). Research Journal of Seed Science. 3: 242-248.
Pirmoradi, M. R., R. Omidbaigi, M. Naghavi, A. Amin Baghizadeh, and A. Yadalahi. 2012. Effect of height and different treatments on seed germination of bitter asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida L.). Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science. 43:461-471
Pouresmaeil, M., and M. Sharifi. 2003. Dormancy-Breaking in Bunium Persicum seeds by stratification and some cytokinines. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 19: 183-193.
Raisi, A., S.N. Kalat, and A.S. Darban. 2013. The study effects of stratification, temperature and potassium nitrate on seed dormancy breaking Ferula assa foetida. World Applied Sciences Journal. 23:379-383.
Rajabian, T., A. Saboora, B. Hassani, H. Fallah Hosseini. 2007. Effects of GA3 and chilling on seed germination of Ferula assa-foetida, as a medicinal plant. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 3: 391-404.
Rostami, M., and R. Tavakol Afshari. 2014. Classification and breaking methods of galbanum (Ferula gummosa BIOSS) seeddormancy. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 2: 255-263.
Salimi, H., and M. Gorbanli. 2001. Investigation Oat seed germination in different conditions and effect of some operative factors on seed dormancy breaking. Rostaniha. 2: 41-55.
SAS Institute. 1994. The SAS system for Windows. Release 6.10. SAS Inst., Cary, NC. USA
Sharifi, H., A. Nemati, and M. Gardakaneh. 2017. Breaking seed dormancy and improve germination of four medicinal species of apiaceae by gibberellic acid and prechilling treatments. Iranian journal of Seed Science and Research. 4: 27-38.
Sharifi, H., M. Khajeh-Hosseini, and M.H. Rashed-Mohassel. 2015. Study of seed dormancy in seven medicinal species from apiaceae. Iranian Journal of Seed Research. 2: 25-36.
Stawomir, B., and H. Roman. 2008. Effect of different ways of priming tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seed on the air quality. Pol. J. Nat. Sci. 23: 729-739.
Tabrizi, L., M. Nasiri Mahallati and A. Kochaki. 2004. Investigation on the cardinal temperature for germination of Plantago ovata and Plantago psyllium. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 2: 143-151.
Vandelook, F., N. Bolle, and J.A. Van Assche. 2007. Multiple environmental signals required for embryo growth and germination of seeds of Selinum carvifolia L. and Angelica sylvestris L. (Apiaceae). Seed Science Research. 17: 283-291.
Wang, Y., Li, L., Ye, T., Zhao, S., Liu, Z., Feng, Y. Q., and Wu, Y. 2011. Cytokinin antagonizes ABA suppression to seed germination of Arabidopsis by downregulating ABI5 expression. The Plant Journal. 68: 249-261.
Zardari, S., F. Ghaderi‐Far, H.R. Sadeghipour, E. Zeinali, E. Soltani, and C.C. Baskin. 2019. Deep and intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy in seeds of Ferula gummosa (Apiaceae). Plant Species Biology. 34: 85-94.
Zare, A.R., M. Solouki, M. Omidi, N. Irvani, A.O. Abasabadi, N.M. Nezad. 2011. Effect of various treatments on seed germination and dormancy breaking in Ferula assa foetida L. (Asafetida), a threatened medicinal herb. Turakia Journal of Sciences. 9: 57-61.
Zargari, A. 1997. Medicinal Plants. Tehran University publication, vol. 2, 976p.