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اثر تنش خشکی، اسید سالیسیلیک و پلی‌آمین‌ها، بر عملکرد رشدی و میزان روغن و اسانس گیاه سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 39، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 237-254 اصل مقاله (947.61 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2023.360004.3235 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محبوبه عدالتیان خرازی1؛ احمد اصغرزاده* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیروان. | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شیروان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثرهای تنش خشکی، اسید سالیسیلیک و پلی‌آمین‌ها بر عملکرد رشدی گیاه و میزان روغن و اسانس بذر سیاه‌دانه (Nigella sativa L.)، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1400-1399 به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد شیروان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی در چهار سطح (25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (شاهد)) به‌عنوان عامل اول و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک، پوترسین و اسپرمیدین هر یک در دو سطح (0.5 و 1 میلی‌مولار) به‌عنوان عامل دوم بودند. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین تعداد کپسول بارور در بوته (12.66)، تعداد دانه در کپسول (96.24) و شاخص برداشت (58.69%) در تیمار 100% ظرفیت زراعی بدست آمد. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد دانه در گلدان در تیمار 100% ظرفیت زراعی (16.05 گرم) و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار (11.46 گرم) حاصل شد. از طرف دیگر، بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (62.5 سانتی‌متر)، وزن خشک تک بوته (6.44 گرم)، زیست‌توده در گلدان (32.2 گرم)، درصد روغن (31.21%) و عملکرد روغن (5.71 گرم در گلدان) در اثر متقابل تیمار 100% ظرفیت زراعی و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار و همچنین، بیشترین درصد اسانس (0.09%) در اثر متقابل تیمار 25% ظرفیت زراعی و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار حاصل شد. به‌طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که بهترین تیمار برای سیاه‌دانه در شرایط گلخانه، آبیاری 100% ظرفیت زراعی و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار بود. در کل، با افزایش شدت تنش، خصوصیات رشدی گیاه کاهش یافت، ولی با اعمال محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک اثرات منفی تنش خشکی تعدیل یافت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش خشکی؛ اسید سالیسیلیک؛ درصد اسانس؛ عملکرد روغن؛ شاخص برداشت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of drought stress, salicylic acid, and polyamines on plant growth yield and oil and essential oil content of Nigella sativa L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Edalateyan Kharazi1؛ A. Asgharzadeh2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan branch | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan branch | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To investigate the effects of drought stress, salicylic acid, and polyamines on plant growth yield and oil and seeds essential oil content in Nigella sativa L., a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the research greenhouse of Shirvan Azad University in 2020-21 cropping year. The experimental treatments included drought stress at four levels (25, 50, 75, and 100% of field capacity) as the first factor and foliar application of salicylic acid, putrescine, and spermidine each at two levels (0.5 and 1 mM) as the second factor. The results showed that the highest number of fertile capsules per plant (12.66), number of seeds per capsule (96.24), and harvest index (58.69%) were obtained in the 100% of field capacity treatment. Also, the highest seed yield per pot was obtained in the 100% of field capacity treatment (16.05 g) and 1 mM salicylic acid (11.46 g). On the other hand, the highest plant height (62.5 cm), dry weight of single plant (6.44 g), biomass in pot (32.2 g), oil content (31.21%), and oil yield (5.71 g.pot-1) were obtained in the treatment of 100% of field capacity + 1 mM salicylic acid and also, the highest essential oil content (0.09%) was obtained in the treatment of 25% of field capacity + 1 mM salicylic acid. Overall, the results showed that full irrigation (100% of field capacity) + 1 mM salicylic acid foliar application was the best treatment for N. sativa under greenhouse conditions. In general, the plant growth characteristics decreased with increasing stress severity, but the negative effects of drought stress were moderated with increasing the salicylic acid foliar application. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Drought stress, salicylic acid, essential oil percentage, oil yield, harvest index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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