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سمّیت تنفسی و اثر زیرکشنده اسانس‌های Achillea millefolium L. و Mentha pulegium L روی پارامترهای جدول زیستی شته جالیز (Aphis gossypii Glover) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 39، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 188-202 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2023.359735.3227 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمانه اکبری1؛ شهرام آرمیده* 2 | ||
| 1فارغ التحصیل دکتری حشره شناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه. | ||
| 22- دانشیار دانشگاه، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شته جالیز (Aphis gossypii Glover.) از آفات مهم کدوییان است. امروزه برای کنترل جمعیت این آفت، به ترکیب‌های سازگار با محیط‌زیست بیشتر توجه می‌شود. در این تحقیق سمّیت تنفسی اسانس دو گیاه بومادران (Achillea millefolium L.) و پونه (Mentha pulegium L.) روی حشرات کامل آفت مذکور، در غلظت و زمان‌های مختلف بررسی شد. همچنین، اثر زیرکشنده این دو اسانس روی پارامترهای زیستی شته جالیز بالغ بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که اسانس‌های موجود در این گیاهان باعث مرگ و میر معنی‌دار حشرات بالغ می‌شوند. مقدار LC50 اسانس گیاه بومادران و پونه روی شته جالیز به‌ترتیب معادل 34.9 و 23.34 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا بود. مقدار LT50 اسانس‌ها با غلظت 34.90 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا برای اسانس بومادران برابر با 12.3 ساعت و در غلظت 23.34 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا برای اسانس پونه برابر با 12.02 ساعت بدست آمد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین پارامتر جدول زندگی آفت، در تیمار اسانس پونه برابر با 0.28 (ماده/ماده/روز: تعداد افراد ماده تولید شده به‌ازای هر فرد ماده در هر روز) و در تیمار اسانس بومادران 0.27 (ماده/ماده/روز) بود که نسبت به شاهد (0.34) کاهش معنی‌دار داشت. نتایج بررسی اثر زیرکشندگی این اسانس‌ها روی پارامترهای رشد جمعیت نشان داد که نرخ بقای وابسته به سن برای شته جالیز تیمار شده با اسانس‌ها نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت. تیمارهای شاهد و پونه به‌ترتیب بیشترین (20.73 روز) و کمترین (10.97 روز) امید به زندگی را داشتند. نرخ خالص تولیدمثل در شته‌های تیمار شده با بومادران، پونه و کنترل به‌ترتیب برابر با 15.64 ،9.38 و 35.76 (ماده/ماده/نسل) محاسبه شد. این یافته‌ها نشان داد که اسانس دو گیاه مطالعه شده، پتانسیل بالایی از نظر سمّیت تنفسی و کاهش جمعیت شته جالیز برای استفاده در برنامه‌های کنترل تلفیقی آفت مذکور در گلخانه‌ها را دارا می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس‌های گیاهی؛ سمّیت تنفسی؛ شته جالیز (Aphis gossypii Glover.)؛ پارامترهای جدول زندگی؛ اثر زیرکشندگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Fumigant toxicity and sublethal effects of Achilla mellifolium L. and Mentha pulegium L. essential oils on life table parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| s. Akbari1؛ Sh. Aramideh2 | ||
| 1Graduated with a PhD in Agricultural Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University. | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Plant Medicine, Protection of Agriculture, Urmia University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Aphis gossypii Glover. is one of the most important pests of Cucurbitaceae family. Nowadays, control of the pest population using the environmentally compatible compounds has been increased. In this study, fumigant toxicity of different concentrations and time intervals of Achillea millefolium L. and Mentha pulegium L. essential oils (EO) was studied in a completely randomized design on adults of mentioned pest. Also, sublethal effects of EOs were evaluated on life table parameters of adult aphids. The results showed that these plants EOs caused significant mortality of adult insects. LC50 of A. millefolium and M. pulegium EOs on A. gossypii were 34.90 and 23.34 µl.l-1 of air, respectively. LT50 of EOs were obtained 12.30 h in 34.90 µl.l-1 of air concentration of A. millefolium EO and 12.02 h in 23.34 µl.l-1 of air concentration of M. pulegium EO. Intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) as the most important life table parameter of the pest was obtained 0.28 (female/female/day: the number of female individuals produced per female each day) in the M. pulegium EO treatment and 0.27 (female/female/day) in the A. millefolium EO one, which had a significant decrease compared to control (0.34). The study results of sublethal effects of these two essential oils on population growth parameters indicated that age-specific survival rate of the aphid was lower in the treatments compared to control. Life expectancy (ex) was the lowest in the M. pulegium treatment (10.97 days) and highest in control (20.73 days). Net reproductive rate was calculated 15.64, 9.38, and 35.76 (female/female/generation) for A. millefolium, M. pulegium, and control, respectively. Our results revealed that the plant EOs studied could be suggested to be used in the integrated A. gossypii management programs in greenhouses due to the high potential in fumigant toxicity and population decrease of this pest. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Essential oil, fumigant toxicity, Aphis gossypii Glover, life table parameters, sublethal effects | ||
| مراجع | ||
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