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ارزیابی خصوصیات مورفو-فیزیولوژیک برگ و میوه، و ویژگی های کیفیت روغن برخی ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های زیتون در استان ایلام | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 38، شماره 1، فروردین 1401، صفحه 109-127 اصل مقاله (1.35 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spj.2023.361111.1292 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه شادی وند1؛ جواد عرفانی مقدم* 1؛ فردین قنبری2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه علوم باغبانی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش، برخی از ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های زیتون در غرب کشور از نظر ویژگی‌های مورفو-فیزیولوژیکی برگ و میوه و درصد ترکیبات روغنی درسال های 1398 و 1399 در باغ مجتمع میثاق سبز در شهر مورموری از توابع شهرستان آبدانان و یکی از باغ‌های تجاری شهرستان دره‌شهر در استان ایلام بررسی شدند. ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های زیتون شامل: ارقام زرد، شیراز، شنگه، کرونیکی، گلوله و مانزانیلا، و ژنوتیپ‌های 4 و 7 از منطقه مورموری و ژنوتیپ‌های 9، 10 و 11 از شهرستان دره‌شهر بودند. نتایج ارزیابی صفات نشان داد بین ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های زیتون مورد بررسی، از نظر خصوصیات مرفو-فیزیولوژیکی و کیفیت روغن تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت. بیشترین وزن میوه برای رقم زرد و گلوله (24/4 گرم) و بیشترین طول میوه در ژنوتیپ 7 (36/2 سانتی‌متر) مشاهده شد. بیشترین قطر، ضخامت گوشت و وزن گوشت میوه در رقم گلوله ثبت شد. همچنین بیشترین درصد روغن در ماده تر مربوط به رقم زرد (71/23 %) بود. نتایج مربوط به تجزیه به عامل‌های اصلی نشان داد که پنج عامل اول 47/91 درصد از واریانس کل مشاهده شده در بین نمونه‌های مطالعه شده را توضیح دادند. در تجزیه به عامل‌ها، طول و قطر میوه و هسته، وزن میوه و هسته، وزن گوشت میوه، زمان رسیدگی و تغییر رنگ میوه از صفات تاثیرگذاری بودند که نشان می‌دهد این خصوصیات می توانند برای ارزیابی ژرم‌پلاسم زیتون مفید باشند. نتایج کلی نشان داد برخی ارقام زیتون مانند رقم زرد و گلوله، با توجه به صفات بررسی شده، سازگاری بهتری با شرایط محیطی منطقه هدف در استان ایلام داشتند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زیتون؛ وزن میوه؛ ترکیبات روغنی؛ پروفایل اسید های چرب؛ سازگاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Morpho-Physiological Characteristics of Leaves and Fruits, and Oil Quality Properties of Some Olive Cultivars and Genotypes in Ilam Province in Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Shadivand1؛ J. Erfani-Moghaddam1؛ F. Ghanbari2 | ||
| 1Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, morpho-physiological characteristics and oil quality properties of some olive cultivars and genotypes were evaluated in private olive orchards in Murmouri and Darehshar counties in Ilam province, Iran, in 2019 and 2020. Olive cultivars and genotypes included cv. Zard, cv. Shiraz, cv. Shengeh, cv. Koroneiki, cv. Golole, cv. Manzanilla, genotypes 4 and 7 were collected from Murmouri, and genotypes 9, 10 and 11 from Darehshahr. There were significant differences between cultivars/genotypes for morpho-physiological characteristics of leaf and fruit. The highest fruit weight (4.24 g) belonged to cv. Zard and cv. Golole, and the highest fruit length (2.36 cm) observed in genotype 7. The highest diameter, fruit flesh thickness and flesh weight recorded in cv. Golole. Also, the highest oil content in fresh matter (23.71%) belonged to cv. Zard. The results of principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first six components explained 91.47% of the total variation in morpho-physiological characteristics and oil quality properties. In PCA, fruit length, fruit diameter, stone dimensions, fruit and stone weight, flesh weight, fruit coloring and ripening times were predominant in the first component, indicating that these characteristics can be useful for evaluation of olive germplasm. Overall results of this study showed that some olive cultivars such as cv. Zard and cv. Golole were better adapted to the environmental conditions of the target areas in Ilam province in Iran. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Olive, fruit weight, oil compositions, fatty acids profile, adaptation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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