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اهمیت قارچ‌های ساپروکسیلیک و عوامل موثر در تنوع و فراوانی آن‌ها در اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی- با نگاهی بر مهمترین قارچ‌های ساپروکسیلیک جنگل اسالم استان گیلان | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 20، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 39، مهر 1401، صفحه 181-198 اصل مقاله (1.77 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfrpr.2022.357525.1533 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا رنجبر1؛ ابراهیم محمدی گل تپه* 2؛ سیده معصومه زمانی3؛ مجید پدرام4؛ ابراهیم فرآشیانی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای قارچ‌شناسی، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2نویسنده مسئول، استاد، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه در جنگل شناسی همگام با طبیعت، حفظ تنوع زیستی با تاکید بر حفاظت از جنگلها به عنوان یک منبع با ذخایر ژنتیکی ارزشمند، بسیار مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. خشکه‌دار به عنوان یک زیستگاه، مهمترین عامل در تنوع و فراوانی قارچ‌های ساپروکسیلیک در اکوسیستم-های جنگلی می‌باشد. بر عهده دارد. بهره برداری‌های بی رویه و برنامه‌های مدیریتی که در جنگلها اعمال می‌شود، حجم و تنوع خشکه‌دارها را با کاهش قابل توجهی مواجه می‌نماید که این امر، تنوع و فراوانی قارچ‌های ساپروکسیلیک را در معرض خطرات جدی قرار می‌دهد. در این مطالعه، 29 گونه قارچ ساپروکسیلیک متعلق به 15 خانواده از شاخه بازیدیومایکوتا از جنگل اسالم استان گیلان در شمال ایران جمع آوری شدند. شناسایی گونه‌ها با بررسی خصوصیات میکروسکوپی و ماکروسکوپی آن‌ها و با استفاده از کلیدهای شناسایی معتبر انجام شد. طبق نتایج این پژوهش، خانواده Polyporaceae و گونهversicolor Trametes به ترتیب با 31 درصد و 4/18 درصد بیشترین فراوانی را در بین سایر خانوداه‌ها و گونه‌های جمع‌آوری شده به خود اختصاص داده بودند. همچنین در این مطالعه، به اهمیت قارچ‌های ساپروکسیلیک، معرفی خشکه-دار به عنوان زیستگاه و عوامل کلیدی دخیل در تنوع این قارچ‌ها در اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی پرداخته شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بازیدیومایکوتا؛ تنوع زیستی؛ جنگل شناسی همگام با طبیعت؛ خشکه دار؛ قارچ‌های ساپروکسیلیک؛ جنگل اسالم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The importance of saproxylic fungi and the factors affecting their diversity and abundance in forest ecosystems - Referring to the most important saproxylic fungi in Asalem forest, Gilan province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zahra Ranjbar1؛ ebrahim Mohammadi Goltapeh2؛ Seyedeh Masoomeh Zamani3؛ majid pedram4؛ ebrahim farashiani3 | ||
| 1PhD student of Mycology, Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Corresponding author, Prof., Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 33- Assistant Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 44- Associate Prof., Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Today, in near-to-nature forestry, biodiversity conservation, with emphasis on forests conservation, as a valuable genetic resource, has received much attention. Deadwood, as a habitat, plays a key role in diversity and abundance of saproxylic fungi in forest ecosystems. The uncontrolled exploitation, and the management programs applied in forests, have significantly reduced the deadwood volumes and diversity, jeopardizing diversity and abundance of saproxylic fungi. In this study, 29 saproxylic fungal species belonging to 15 families from the phylum Basidiomycota were collected from Asalem forest, Gilan province, northern Iran. The recovered species were identified based upon their morphological characters, using available identification keys. The results showed that the family Polyporaceae (31%) and the species Trametes versicolor (18.4%) have the highest abundance between other families and identified species, respectively. The importance of saproxylic fungi, introduction of deadwood, as a habitat and a key factor in biodiversity of saproxylic fungi in forest ecosystems, have also been discussed. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Basidiomycota, biodiversity, deadwood, near-to-nature forestry, saproxylic fungi, Asalem forests | ||
| مراجع | ||
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