| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,023 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,775 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,115,047 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 53,260,934 |
رابطه عوامل ادافیک با انتشار جوامع گیاهی سازگار در حوزه‌های آبخیز دارای گنبد نمکی | ||
| مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 15، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 281-296 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijwmse.2022.357758.1959 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احمد ملا احمدی1؛ مرضیه رضایی* 2؛ منصوره شمیلی3 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی منابع طبیعی، مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه مهندسی باغبانی، پژوهشکده هرمز، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مقدمه مدیریت صحیح حوضه بر اساس اصول اکولوژیکی است که درک فرایند اکولوژیکی پیش‌نیاز اصلی برنامه‌ریزی منابع طبیعی است. حوضه‌های مجاور دریای عمان و خلیج فارس به‌علت وجود گنبدهای نمکی فراوان، نسبت به سایر حوزه‌های آبخیز کشور از شرایط ویژه‌ای برخوردار هستند. این رخساره‌های ژئومورفولوژیکی بر کیفیت آب‌های زیرزمینی مناطق تاثیر می‌گذارند و نیازمند تکنیک‌های مدیریتی خاصی هستند. در میان عوامل اکولوژیکی، خاک یکی از عواملی است که نقش مهم و تاثیرگذاری در پراکندگی و تراکم پوشش گیاهی دارد. همبستگی قوی و رابطه نزدیک بین پوشش گیاهی و خاک به گونه‌ای است که تغییر در وضعیت هر یک، تاثیر بسیار قوی بر سایر عملکردهای اکوسیستم خواهد داشت. پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور بررسی تغییرات جوامع گیاهی و نقش عوامل خاکی بر این جوامع در این حوضه‌ها، در نواحی رویشی خلیج و عمانی در شهرستان بستک هرمزگان انجام شد. مواد و روش‌ها بدین منظور، پس از مشخص نمودن محدوده مورد نظر با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای گوگل ارث و با کنترل زمینی، تیپ‌بندی انجام و سپس نمونه‌برداری‌ها در هر تیپ و بر روی سه ترانسکت 1000 متری و با پلات چهار متر مربعی با فاصله مناسب صورت گرفت. در هر پلات، درصد تاج پوشش، تراکم، ارتفاع و دو قطر عمود بر هم گیاهان غالب اندازه‌گیری شد. به‌منظور بررسی خاک در هر تیپ، تعداد نه پروفیل حفر و از دو عمق صفر تا 45 و 45 تا 90 سانتی‌متری نمونه‌برداری انجام و به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. آنالیز آماری توسط نرم‌افزار SPSS و مقایسه میانگین‌ها به روش دانکن و در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی انجام شد. نتایج و بحث نتایج مقایسه نقشه‌های کاربری نشان می‌دهد که طی دوره 20 ساله 1399-1379، تمامی کاربری‌ها دستخوش تغییرات شدیدی شده است. در این بازه زمانی، مراتع 18.32درصد کاهش داشته که از این میزان 9.85 درصد به اراضی شور و بایر، 0.70 درصد به مناطق دست‌ساز شهری و 5.95 درصد به اراضی کشاورزی تغییر یافته است. نتایج آنالیز ضریب همبستگی بیانگر آن است که پوشش گیاهی با هدایت الکتریکی و میزان سدیم در سطح پنج درصد دارای همبستگی بوده است. ارتفاع گونه‌های گیاهی با درصد رطوبت اشباع و درصد سیلت عمق اول و دوم مرتبط بوده و تراکم گونه‌های گیاهی با عامل‌های هدایت الکتریکی، میزان سدیم، مجموع کلسیم و منیزیم، هر سه مورد در عمق‌های اول و دوم در سطح یک درصد و با رویکرد مثبت و با اسیدیته خاک در هر دو عمق همبستگی نشان داد. نتیجه‌گیری شور شدن خاک و توسعه آن در حوزه‌های آبخیز خشک و نیمه‌خشک یکی از مخاطرات محیط زیست است که در سال‌های اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. شهرستان فرامرزان بستک یکی از مناطقی است که شرایط محیطی خشک و نیمه‌خشک و یکی از مخاطرات محیط زیست این حوضه، شور شدن اراضی است. به‌طور کلی، می‌توان بیان کرد که منطقه فرامرزی بستک در نواحی مرتفع با گنبدهای نمکی و در نواحی پایین با رودخانه نمکی به واسطه شوره‌زارهای هرمزگان محدود می‌شود. نوع گونه‌های گیاهی این شوره‌زار با توجه به مرکز شوری متفاوت بوده و این تفاوت در نتیجه ویژگی‌های خاک و سازگاری متفاوت گونه‌ها با سطح شوری است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| املاح؛ تیپ‌های گیاهی؛ جناح بستک؛ خاک؛ مدیریت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The relationship between edaphic factors and the spread of compatible plant communities in watersheds with salt dome | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ahmad MolaAhmadi1؛ Marzieh Rezai2؛ Mansoureh Shamili3 | ||
| 1MSc of Natural Resources Engineering, Desert Management and Control, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabass, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabass, Iran | ||
| 3Associated Professor, Department of Horticultural Engineering, Hormoz Research Institute, University of Hormozgan, Bandarabass, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended abstract Introduction Proper watershed management is based on ecological principles, and understanding the ecological process is the main prerequisite for natural resource planning. The watersheds adjacent to the Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf have special conditions compared to other watersheds in the country, such that these watersheds have many salt domes. These geomorphological facies affect the quality of underground water in the areas and require special management techniques. Among the ecological factors, soil is one of the factors that play an important and influential role in the distribution and density of vegetation. The strong correlation and close relationship between vegetation and soil are such that a change in the status of each will have a very strong impact on other ecosystem functions. The present study was conducted to investigate the changes in plant communities and the role of soil factors on these communities in these Gulf and Omani vegetation areas in Bastak city of Hormozgan. Materials and methods For this purpose, after determining the desired area, using Google Earth satellite images and ground control, typing was performed and then sampling was done in each type on three transects of 1000 meters with a plot of 4 square meters with a suitable distance. In each plot, canopy percentage, density, height, and two diameters perpendicular to each other of dominant plants were measured. To study the soil, 9 profiles were dug in each type and sampled from two depths of 0 to 45 and 45 to 90 cm and transferred to the laboratory. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software and a comparison of means by Duncan method in a randomized complete block design. Results and discussion The results show that during the 20 years of 1379-1399, all land uses have undergone drastic changes. In this period, pastures have decreased by 18.32%, of which 83.50% belong to pastures, 9.85% to saline and barren lands, 0.70% to urban-man-made areas, and 5.95% to agricultural lands. The results of the correlation coefficient analysis indicate that the vegetation parameter was electrically correlated with the amount of sodium at 95% statistical level. The height of plant species is related to the percentage of saturated moisture and the percentage of silt in the first and second depths. Showed a negative correlation with soil acidity at both depths with a negative approach at 95% level. Conclusion Soil salinization and its development in dry and semi-arid fragile watersheds is one of the environmental hazards that has received attention in recent years. Faramarzan city of Bastak is one of the areas that have arid and semi-arid environmental conditions and one of the environmental hazards of this watershed is salinization and salinization of lands. In summary, it can be stated that the trans-border area of Bastak is limited by the salt marshlands of Hormozgan in the high areas with salt domes and in the lower areas with the salty river. The type of plant species in the plant types in this salt marsh was different according to the salinity center, and this difference is the result of the soil charact. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Jenah Bastak, Management, Plant types, Salts, Soil | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abtahi, M. and M. Khosroshahi. 2020. Investigation of the establishment of six halophyte species in the wet margin of Kashan Salt Lake. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 30(1):11-20 (in Persian). Adnan, S.M., M.R. Tatian, A. Zandi Isfahan, R. Tamratash and H. Bagheri. 2020. Investigation of the use of halophytes as livestock fodder, case study: rangelands of Sultan Basin. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 2(79): 215-223 (in Persian). Aghaleh, M., V. Niknam, H. Ebrahimzadeh and K. Razavi. 2009. Salt stress effects on growth, pigments, proteins and lipid proxidation Salicornia persica and S. europaea. Journal of Biological Plantarum, 53(2): 243-248. Arzani, H. 2011. Forage quality and daily needs of grazing livestock from rangeland. University of Tehran Press, 278 pages (in Persian). Asadpour, R., M. Soltanipour, A. Zakeri and A. Jafari. 2020. Halophyte habitat and salin area in Hormozgan. Pardis Publications, 132 pages (in Persian). Asri, Y., M. Asadi and H. Najjar. 2002. Floristic and ecological study of plant communities of Gavkhoni Wetland. Journal of Research and Construction, 1(54): 1-18 (in Persian). Azarnivand, H. and M. Chahuki. 2010. Rangeland ecology. University of Tehran Press, 345 pages (in Persian). Bakhshandeh Mehr, L., M.R. Yazdani, R. Jafari and S. Soltani. 2020. Determining the most effective climatic and soil factors on the vegetation status of rangelands in Isfahan Province. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 27(3): 463-484 (in Persian). Borna, F., M. Tatian, R. Tamratash and M. Gholami. 2016. Determining the share of some soil properties in explaining the distribution of vegetation in Baladeh Noor summer rangelands. Journal of Renewable Natural Resources Research, 7(4): 59-68 (in Persian). Choupanian, A., M. Rezai, R. Mahdavi and A.R. Nafarzadegan. 2023. Application of land measurements for detection the climate changes impact on vegetation dynamics, Kermanshah Province, Iran. Journal of Rangeland Science, 12(1): 1617 (in Persian). Ekrami, M., R. Mahdavi, M. Rezaei, H. Waqarfard and J. Barkhori. 2021a. Calculating water requirements and providing a model of horticultural cultivation that requires less water and is compatible with dry areas, in order to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to drought, case study: Pishkoh Watershed, Yazd Province. Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 12(46): 1-18 (in Persian). Ekrami, M., R. Mahdavi, M. Rezai, H. Vagharfard and J. Barkhori. 2021b. Zoning of rangeland drought vulnerability in arid and semi-arid regions, case study: Pishkuh Watershed of Yazd Province. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 27(3): 577-595 (in Persian). Fattahi, B., S. Aghabigi, A. Ildermi, M. Maleki, J. Hassani and T. Sabetpour. 2009. Investigation of some environmental factors affecting the habitat of white astragalus (astragalus gossypinus) in the mountainous rangelands of Zagros, case study: Koleh Rangelands in Hamadan Province. Rangeland Scientific Research Journal, 3(2): 203-216 (in Persian). Fouladi, M., R. Mahdavi Najafabadi and M. Rezai. 2020. Development of management strategies for protection and rehabilitation of Jazmourian Wetland using VIKOR multi-criteria decision model. Geographical Explorations of Desert Areas, 8(2): 107-135 (in Persian). Goyli Kilaneh, A. and M.R. Wahhabis. 2012. The effect of some soil characteristics on the vegetation distribution of central Zagros Rangelands of Iran. Soil and Water Sciences (Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources), 16(59): 245 – 259 (in Persian). Haghian, A. and A. Shidaei Karkaj. 2017. Determining the share and identifying some effects of physical and chemical variables of soil on the distribution of medicinal plants in Central Alborz ecology, case study: Mallard, Savadkuh region. Journal of Plant Ecology, 5(10): 19-38 (in Persian). Heidari, M., A. Mahdavi and S. Attar Roshan. 2009. Recognition of the relationship between some physiographic and physico-chemical factors of soil with plant ecological groups in the protected area of Malagoon Ilam. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 17(1): 149-160 (in Persian). Hosseini, H., G. Heshmati, M. Mirza and P. Karami. 2019. The effect of altitude and physical and chemical factors of soil on functional characteristics and distribution of summer coma species (Ferula haussknechtii), case study: Saral rangelands, Kurdistan. Iranian Rangeland and Desert Research Quarterly, 26(275): 458-447 (in Persian). Ibrahim, A., A.R.A. Usman, M.I. Al-Wabel, M. Nadeem, Y.S. Ok and A. Al-Omran. 2017. Effects of conocarpus biochar on hydraulic properties of calcareous sandy soil: influence of particle size and application depth. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 63(2): 185-197. Jafari, M. 2004. Study of effective soil properties in the distribution of rangeland species of Qom Province. Proceedings of the Third National Conference on Rangeland and Rangeland Management of Iran (in Persian). Kamai, F., Gh. Heshmati and M. Zare Chahouki. 2012. The effect of some soil characteristics on the distribution of plant communities in Taleghan ragelands. Proceedings of the Third National Conference on Rangeland, Watershed and Desert, Karaj (in Persian). Kaya, C., D. Higgs and E. Sakar. 2002. Response of two leafy vegetables grown at high salinity to supplementary potassium and phosphorus during different growth stages. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 25(12): 2663–2676. Motamedi, J., F. Alilou, A. Shidaei Karkaj, F. Keyvan Behjoo and R. Qureshi. 2014. Investigating the relationship between environmental factors and livestock grazing intensity with vegetation in Khoy rangeland ecosystems. Journal of Plant Ecology, 1(3): 73-90 (in Persian). Mir Deilami, Z. and G. Heshmati. 2013. Study of forest plants in terms of height gradient in Tuskestan habitat of Chahar Bagh, Golestan Province. Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology Research, 20(4): 60-41 (in Persian). Najafi Shabankareh, K. 2009. The research project on soil and cover relationship of two rangeland species Atriplex leucoclada and Suaeda vermiculata and tolerance of these two species to salinity stress in laboratory conditions and natural habitats in Hormozgan Province. The Final Report, National Forests and Rangelands Research Institute, 190 pages (in Persian). Nguyen, K.A., Y.A. Liou, H. Tran, Ph. Hoang and T.H. Nguyen. 2020. Soil salinity assessment by using near infrared channel and vegetation soil salinity index derived from landsat 8 OLI data: a case study in the Trevino Province, Mekong Delta, and Vietnam. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 35 pages. Rezai, M. 2020. Spatial distribution of the use of scientific recreation with emphasis on the model of determining the corridor of wildlife of poisonous pairs and terrestrial mammals in desert protected areas. Geographical Explorations of Desert Areas, 9(1): 1-19 (in Persian). Rezai, M. and F. Zerehi. 2022. Spatial distribution and stability of accumulated sediments around Salvadora persica L. and Alhaji camelorum L. and modelling of prediction of its change. Desert Management, 9(4): 39-52 (in Persian). Sajadi, M., A. Zainuddin and Sh. Mahmoudi. 2012. The effect of irrigation water quality on soil characteristics and pistachio yield in Robat Shahrbabak Plain. Irrigation and Water of Iran, 7(2): 1-30 (in Persian). Sebti, M., S.A. Movahedi Naeini, R. Ghorbani Nasrabadi, Gh. Roshani, Gh. Shahriari and M. Movahedi. 2009. A suitable soil plant availa potassium extractant for a loess soil with illite dominance in clay fraction and the effects of azotobacter and vermicompost on wheat yield, potassium uptake and tissue concentration. Journal of Plant Production, 16(4): 59-76 (in Persian). Shawky, R. 2018. Effect of edaphic factors on the vegetation zonation in some littoral and inland salt marshes of Egypt. Botanica, 24(2): 202–210. Soufi, M., R. Bayat and A.H. Charkhabi. 2020. Gully erosion in Iran: characteristics, processes, causes and land use. Springer Nature Switzerland, 1-19 pages. Toranj Zar, H., M. Jafari and H. Azarnivand. 2005. A study of plant characteristics of rangelands in Qom Province. Journal of Desert, 10(2): 349-361 (in Persian). Yibing, Q., W. Zhaoning, Z. Liyun and S. Oingdong. 2004. Impact of habitat heterogeneity on plantcommunity pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 14: 447-455. Zeng, Y., Ch. Zhao, F. Shi, M. Schneider, G. LV and Y. Li. 2020. Impact ground water depth and soil salinity on riparian plant diversity and distribution in an arid area of China. Scientific Reports, 10: 7272. Zhang, X.N., X.D. Yang, Y. Li, X.M. He, G.H. LV and J.J. Yang. 2017. Influence of edaphic factors on plant distribution and diversity in the arid area of Xinjiang, Northwest China. Arid Land Research, 32(1): 38-56. Zerehi, F. and M. Rezai. 2022. Changes in sand dune expansion and wind surface cover in deserts adjacent to wetland ecosystems. Journal of Environmental Erosion Research, 12(1): 95-112 (in Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 286 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 258 |
||