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گیاه‌قوم‌شناسی (با تاکید بر کاربرد دارویی) گیاهان شرق استان گلستان (اقوام ترکمن) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 39، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 115، فروردین 1402، صفحه 16-37 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.359406.3208 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| راضیه سعادتی1؛ علی ستاریان* 2؛ ابوالفضل دانشور3؛ الهام امینی3 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گیاه‌قوم‌شناسی (Ethenobotany) مردمی با استفاده از دانش عمومی مردم در خصوص استفاده از گیاهان برای مصارف مختلف از جمله درمان خانگی بیماری‌ها توسط گیاهان در فرهنگ‌ها و اقوام مختلف مبادرت می‌نماید. گلستان به‌عنوان یکی از استان‌های با اهمیت ایران برای استخراج دانش گیاه‌شناسی بومیان مطرح است. ترکمن یکی از اقوام این استان است که توانسته است از ظرفیت طبیعت استفاده مطلوبی نماید. پژوهش حاضر به‌منظور جمع‌آوری و طبقه‌بندی گیاهان دارویی مورد استفاده توسط بومیان روستاهای ترکمن‌نشین شرق استان گلستان در سال ۱۳۹۷ انجام شد. بدین منظور مراجعه به ۳۰ روستا و مصاحبه با ۹۰ فرد محلی، که از گیاهان دارویی برای درمان بیماریهای مردم استفاده می‌کردند، صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در دانش اتنوبوتانی بومیان منطقه مورد مطالعه، حدود ۵۴ گونه گیاهی جایگاه ویژه‌ای دارند، که در این بین خارمریم (Silybum marianum L.) با ۷۸، گزنه (Urtica dioica L.) با ۶۵ و همیشه بهار (Calendula persica C.A.Mey.) با ۶۲، به‌ترتیب بالاترین میزان گزارش استفاده (UR) را نشان دادند. خارمریم با 0.86، گزنه با 0.72 و همیشه‌بهار با 0.68 بیشترین میزان شاخص فراوانی نسبی ثبت (RFC) را داشتند. بیشترین تعداد گونه‌ها به‌ترتیب متعلق به تیره‌های کاسنی (Asteraceae) و نعناع (Lamiaceae) بود. بیشترین مصرف گیاهان دارویی به بیماریهای دستگاه گوارش و قلبی عروقی تعلق گرفت. بیماریهای عصبی، تنفسی و قندخون بیشترین میزان فراوانی شاخص اجماع مطلعین (ICF) را نشان دادند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| دانش بومی؛ گزارش استفاده (UR)؛ گیاه دارویی؛ فراوانی نسبی ثبت (RFC) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Ethnobotanical study (with emphasis on medicinal uses) on Eastern Golestan province (Turkmen tribes) plants | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| R. Saadati1؛ A. Sattarian2؛ A. Daneshvar3؛ E. Amini3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. graduated, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Ethnobotany uses the general knowledge of people about the use of plants for different purposes, including home treatment of diseases by plants in different cultures and ethnicities. Golestan is considered as one of the important provinces of Iran for extracting botanical knowledge of natives. The Turkmen is one of the ethnicities of this province that has been able to make good use of nature capacity. The present study was conducted to collect and classify the medicinal plants used by the natives of the Turkmen villages in Eastern Golestan province in 2018. For this purpose, we visited 30 villages and interviewed 90 natives who used medicinal plants to treat people diseases. The results showed that about 54 plant species have a special place in the ethnobotanical knowledge of the region natives studied among which Silybum marianum L. with 78, Urtica dioical L. with 65, and Calendula persica C.A.Mey. with 62 had the highest use report (UR), respectively. S. marianum with 0.86, U. dioical with 0.72, and C. persica with 0.68 showed the highest relative frequency of citation (RFC). The highest number of species belonged to Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families, respectively. The most consumption of medicinal plants was attributed to the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases. The neurological, respiratory, and blood sugar diseases showed the highest amount of informant consensus index frequency (ICF). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Indigenous knowledge, utilization report (UR), medicinal plant, relative frequency index (RFC) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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