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تأثیر محلول‌پاشی عناصر غذایی بر کمّیت و کیفیت اسانس نعنا فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.) در سطوح مختلف آبیاری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 38، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 114، دی 1401، صفحه 651-668 اصل مقاله (771.24 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.358625.3168 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالله جوانمرد* 1؛ مهدی رحیمی2؛ مصطفی امانی ماچیانی3؛ محسن جانمحمدی4؛ ریحانه حبیبی ماچیانی5 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آگروتکنولوژی- اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 4استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 5دانشجوی کارشناسی، مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی عناصر غذایی بر عملکرد ماده خشک و کمّیت و کیفیت اسانس نعنا فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه در سال 1400 اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل آبیاری به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 20 (شاهد)، 40 (تنش خفیف) و 60 (تنش شدید) درصد حداکثر تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی) و منبع کود به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در چهار سطح ( بدون کاربرد کود (شاهد) و محلول‌پاشی کودهای ماکرومیکس گلد، اکوکوئل میکرومیکس و ویتالیم فورت) بودند. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین (280.5 گرم بر مترمربع) و کمترین (113.7 گرم بر مترمربع) وزن خشک کل به‌ترتیب در شرایط نرمال آبیاری (شاهد) با کاربرد کود ماکرومیکس گلد و تنش شدید بدون مصرف کود بدست آمد. وزن خشک کل در تنش‌های خشکی خفیف و شدید به‌ترتیب 22.7% و 40.3% نسبت به آبیاری نرمال کاهش یافت. میزان وزن خشک کل با کاربرد کودهای ماکرومیکس گلد، ویتالیم فورت و اکوکوئل میکرومیکس به‌ترتیب 37.7، 23.8 و 17.1 درصد نسبت به عدم مصرف کود افزایش یافت. بیشترین درصد (2.1) و عملکرد (4.5 گرم بر مترمربع) اسانس و همچنین بیشترین میزان منتول (40.9%)، منتون (28.1%) و 8،1-سینئول (6.2%) در اسانس در شرایط تنش خفیف آبی با کاربرد کود ماکرومیکس گلد بدست آمد. براساس نتایج حاصل، می‌توان محلول‌پاشی کود ماکرومیکس گلد را به‌عنوان یک راهکار مؤثر جهت افزایش کمّیت و کیفیت اسانس نعنا فلفلی در شرایط تنش خشکی معرفی نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| درصد اسانس؛ کم آبی؛ گیاهان دارویی و معطر؛ ماکرومیکس گلد؛ منتول | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of nutrients foliar application on quantity and quality of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) essential oil under different irrigation levels | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Javanmard1؛ M. Rahimi2؛ M. Amani Machiani3؛ M. Janmohammadi4؛ R. Habibi Machiani5 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 2M.Sc. student of Agroecology- Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 5Bachelor student of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the effects of different irrigation levels and foliar application of nutrients, on dry matter yield and essential oil content and composition of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), a field experiment was conducted as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design, with 12 treatments and three replications, at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran in 2021. The factors included irrigation as the main factor at three levels (irrigation after 20 (control), 40 (moderate stress), and 60% (severe stress) of the maximum allowable moisture depletion) and fertilizer source as the sub-factor at four levels (non-application of fertilizer (control), and foliar application of Macromix gold, Ecoquel micromix, and Vitalem forte). The results demonstrated that the highest (280.5 g.m-2) and lowest (113.7 g.m-2) total dry weight were obtained under normal irrigation conditions (control) with the application of Macromix gold and severe stress without fertilizer application, respectively. Total dry weight decreased by 22.7 and 40.3% under moderate and severe drought stress conditions, respectively compared to normal irrigation. Macromix gold, Vitalem forte, and Ecoquel micromix application enhanced the amount of total dry weight by 37.7, 23.8, and 17.1% compared to no fertilizer application, respectively. The highest content (2.1%) and essential oil yield (4.5 g.m-2) and also the highest amount of menthol (40.9%), menthone (28.1%), and cineole (6.2%) in the essential oil were observerd under moderate water stress conditions fertilized with Macromix gold. Based on the obtained results, the foliar application of Macromix gold could be recommended as an effective solution to enhance the quantity and quality of the peppermint essential oil under drought stress conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Essential oil content, water deficit, medicinal plants, Macromix gold, menthol | ||
| مراجع | ||
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