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واکنش ژرم پلاسم کنجد به بیماری پوسیدگی زغالی در شرایط مزرعه | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 90، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 114، شهریور 1401، صفحه 53-62 اصل مقاله (427.84 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2022.356390.1419 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امیر خسرو دانایی فر1؛ حمید صادقی گرمارودی* 2؛ سعداله منصوری3 | ||
| 1ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان، بهبهان خوزستان | ||
| 2موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر بخش تحقیقات دانه های روغنی | ||
| 3موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، بخش تحقیقات دانه های روغنی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری پوسیدگی زغالی ناشی از قارچ Macrophomina phaseolina، مهم‌ترین عامل بوته‌میری کنجد در کشور و بسیاری از نقاط دنیا است. در سال‌های اخیر به‌دلیل تغییر اقلیم و گرم شدن هوا، این قارچ گرمادوست اهمیت دوچندان یافته است. در این تحقیق به‌منظور غربال ژرم‌پلاسم کنجد به قارچ ماکروفومینا، 81 ژنوتیپ بومی و اصلاح‌شده در خزانه بیماری واقع در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان در قالب طرح لاتیس ساده در دو تکرار در سه سال متوالی کاشته و ارزیابی شدند. بوته‌میری در تمام طول دوره‌ی رشدی کنجد و در تمام ژنوتیپ‌ها مشاهده شد. عامل اصلی بوته‌میری در این خزانه قارچ ماکروفومینا بود. درصد بوته‌میری در دوره‌ی پس از گلدهی محاسبه و پس از تصحیح داده‌ها با طرح لاتیس، تجزیه واریانس ساده و مرکب انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که توده‌ی محلی طارم و لاین داراب2 دارای بیش‌ترین سطح مقاومت به بیماری بوده و به‌عنوان رقم مقاوم شناخته شدند. 22 ژنوتیپ نیز به‌عنوان نیمه‌مقاوم شناخته شدند که توده‌ی محلی پتک‌موسیان کم‌ترین آلودگی را در بین آنها داشت. سایر ژنوتیپ‌ها به‌عنوان نیمه‌حساس، حساس و خیلی‌حساس شناخته شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بوته‌میری؛ ماکروفومینا؛ مقاومت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Reaction of Sesame Germplasm to Charcoal Rot in Field Condition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Amir Khosro Danaei far1؛ Hamid Sadeghi Garmaroodi2؛ Sadollah Mansuri3 | ||
| 1Behbahan Agricultural Research Station, Behbahan, Khuzestan. | ||
| 2Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, | ||
| 3Seed and Plant Improvment Institute, OilSeeed Crop Research Department | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is the most destructive disease of sesame (Sesamum indicum) in Iran and other countries as well. The fungus has been more important in recent years because of climate change and global warming. In this research, 81 genotypes of sesame were sown in a hot spot farm at Behbahan Agricultural Research station in south of Khuzestan province as a simple lattice design during three successive years. Damping off was observed at all growth stages. None of the genotypes were immune of the disease. M. phaseolina was the dominant pathogen of sesame in soil of the disease plot. Damping-off was observed during all growth stages. None of the genotypes were immune to the disease. The corrected data were subjected to simple and compound analyses. The results indicated that Tarom landrace and Darab2 line had the highest level of resistance. 22 genotypes were determined as moderately resistant genotypes among which Potak-e- musian landrace had the lowest 3-years average of infection percent. The rest were recongnized as moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Damping off, Macrophomina, resistance | ||
| مراجع | ||
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