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Muofaq Khalaf,, S, Jawad Ali, A. (1402). Immune Response and Histological Changes in Broilers Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 78(2), 729-735. doi: 10.22092/ari.2022.359729.2464
S Muofaq Khalaf,; A Jawad Ali. "Immune Response and Histological Changes in Broilers Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 78, 2, 1402, 729-735. doi: 10.22092/ari.2022.359729.2464
Muofaq Khalaf,, S, Jawad Ali, A. (1402). 'Immune Response and Histological Changes in Broilers Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 78(2), pp. 729-735. doi: 10.22092/ari.2022.359729.2464
Muofaq Khalaf,, S, Jawad Ali, A. Immune Response and Histological Changes in Broilers Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1402; 78(2): 729-735. doi: 10.22092/ari.2022.359729.2464

Immune Response and Histological Changes in Broilers Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccines

Archives of Razi Institute
مقاله 29، دوره 78، شماره 2، خرداد و تیر 2023، صفحه 729-735    اصل مقاله (1.35 M)
نوع مقاله: Original Articles
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ari.2022.359729.2464
نویسندگان
S Muofaq Khalaf,؛ A Jawad Ali*
Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, Veterinary Medicine University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
چکیده
Mycoplasma is unique among prokaryotes because of its small size, small genomes, and complete lack of cell walls, which makes them cell wall-less prokaryotes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vaccinating one-day-old chicks with inactivated and live vaccines (CRDF) of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) on their humoral immune response and immune organs. The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to measure Ab titers and investigate histopathological changes. A total of 130 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups of 30. The groups were treated as follows: G1 included the chicks vaccinated with live F-strain MG vaccine (on eye drop of 0.03ml/dose), G2 included the chicks vaccinated with inactivated MG (0.3 ml s.c) vaccine, G3 included the chicks vaccinated with inactivated and live MG vaccines, and G4 was considered the control group, in which the chicks were not vaccinated. Blood samples were collected on days 21 and 35 of the chick’s life to measure the titers of specific antibodies. On day 35, the chicks were dissected, and the bursa of Fabricius, as well as the spleen, were removed for histological evaluations. On day 21, the results showed a significant difference (P≤0.05) between all vaccinated groups in Ab titers, compared to G4, with the highest mean in G3, followed by G2 and G1, in descending order. On day 35, there was a significant difference (P≤0.05) between G3 and other vaccinated groups (G2 and G1), as well as G4. In addition, there was a significant increase in all vaccinated groups on day 35, compared to day 21. In G1, histopathological examination results showed a moderate lymphocytic hyperplasia bursal follicle. In G2, varying degrees of lymphoproliferative were observed in the major bursal follicle, and in G3, a marked lymphocytic hyperplasia bursal follicle was observed. In G4, on the other hand, no obvious histopathological findings were recorded. The results of the spleen histopathological evaluation showed various degrees of lymphoproliferative and moderate neutrophilic infiltrate in the red pulp in G1, and mild sinus congestion with scattered lymphocytes was recorded in the lumen in G2. In the spleen of the chicks in G3, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia was observed. In contrast to the groups mentioned above, in G4, the spleen structure showed a typical structure. It was concluded that the chicks vaccinated with inactivated and live MG vaccines experienced increased production of Ab titers and the immune stimulation of immune organs. 

تازه های تحقیق
  1. Razin S, Hayflick L. Highlights of mycoplasma research—an historical perspective. Biologicals. 2010;38(2):183-90.
  2. Sohlenkamp C, Geiger O. Bacterial membrane lipids: diversity in structures and pathways. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2016;40(1):133-59.
  3. Ferguson‐Noel N, Armour NK, Noormohammadi AH, El‐Gazzar M, Bradbury JM. Mycoplasmosis. Dis Poult. 2020:907-65.
  4. M’SADEQ S. Effect of dietary supplementation of miaclost on performance and gut morphology in broiler chickens challenged with escherichia coli. Iraqi J Agric Sci. 2019;2(50).
  5. Marouf S, Khalf MA, Alorabi M, El-Shehawi AM, El-Tahan AM, Abd El-Hack ME, et al. Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt. Poult Sci. 2022;11(2):101658.
  6. Atiyah WR, Hamood MF. Enhancing the productive performance of broiler chickens by adding Spirulina platensis compared with probiotic, prebiotics, and oxytetracycline. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2021;45(1):31-6.
  7. Ishfaq M, Hu W, Khan MZ, Ahmad I, Guo W, Li J. Current status of vaccine research, development, and challenges of vaccines for Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Poult Sci. 2020;99(9):4195-202.
  8. Xiao X, Sun J, Yang T, Fang X, Wu D, Xiong YQ, et al. In vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles of valnemulin in an experimental intratracheal Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;59(7):3754-60.
  9. Ali MZ, Rahman MM, Sultana S. Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum antibody by ELISA and serum plate agglutination test of laying chicken. Vet World. 2015;8(1):9.
  10. Leigh S, Collier S, Branton S, Evans J. Antibody Pretreatment Does Not Impact Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Vaccination or Experimental Infection. J Vet Ani Res. 2019;2:201.
  11. Gaunson J, Philip C, Whithear K, Browning G. The cellular immune response in the tracheal mucosa to Mycoplasma gallisepticum in vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens in the acute and chronic stages of disease. Vaccine. 2006;24(14)-2627-33.
  12. Ali E, Ali B. Inflammatory reaction aginst mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in broiler. Iraqi J Agric Sci. 2019;50(4):1432-8.
  13. Burnham M, Branton S, Peebles E, Lott B, Gerard P. Effects of F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation at twelve weeks of age on performance and egg characteristics of commercial egg-laying hens. Poult Sci. 2002;81(10):1478-85.
  14. Luna LG. Manual of histologic staining methods of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 1968.
  15. Noormohammadi AH, Whithear KG. Comparison of the short-term and long-term efficacies of the Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines ts-11 and 6/85. Avian Pathol. 2019;48(3):238-44.
  16. Leigh SA, Evans JD, Collier SD, Branton SL. The impact of vaccination route on Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine efficacy. Poult Sci. 2018;97(9):3072-5.
  17. Ahmed A. Comparison of the immune response between local manufactured and commercial inactivated Newcastle Disease Virus vaccine in a challenge trail with field isolated Newcastle Disease Virus: AI Ahmed1; SM Odisho2 and RN Al-Gafari3. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2018;42(1):46-51.
  18. Asway A, Shalaby H, Deeb K, Shalaby M. Serological studies on mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in chickens. Assiut Vet Med J. 2009;55(120):1-24.
  19. Atalla H, Lysnyansky I, Raviv Y, Rottem S. Mycoplasma gallisepticum inactivated by targeting the hydrophobic domain of the membrane preserves surface lipoproteins and induces a strong immune response. PloS One. 2015;10(3):e0120462.
  1. Bekele L, Assefa T. Inactivated vaccine trial of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Ethiopia. Open J Vet Med. 2018;8(6):75-85.
  2. MNoor M, Shamsul M, Basit M, Ahmed S, Muhammad D, Rajib M, et al. Evaluation of the Immunogenicity of Oil-Based Mycoplasma gallisepticum Killed Vaccine in Broiler Chickens Experimentally Prepared from Local Isolate of Bangladesh. J Anim Vet Adv. 2020;19(8).
  3. Wang Y, Li Y, Yue M, Wang J, Kumar S, Wechsler-Reya RJ, et al. N6-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates embryonic neural stem cell self-renewal through histone modifications. Nat. Neurosci. 2018;21(2):195-206.
  4. Tizard IR. Veterinary Immunology-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2017.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Mycoplasma gallisepticum؛ Live vaccines؛ Vaccine
سایر فایل های مرتبط با مقاله
مراجع
1. Razin S, Hayflick L. Highlights of mycoplasma
research—an historical perspective. Biologicals.
2010;38(2):183-90.
2. Sohlenkamp C, Geiger O. Bacterial membrane lipids:
diversity in structures and pathways. FEMS Microbiol Rev.
2016;40(1):133-59.
3. Ferguson‐Noel N, Armour NK, Noormohammadi AH,
El‐Gazzar M, Bradbury JM. Mycoplasmosis. Dis Poult.
2020:907-65.
4. M’SADEQ S. Effect of dietary supplementation of
miaclost on performance and gut morphology in broiler
chickens challenged with escherichia coli. Iraqi J Agric Sci.
2019;2(50).
5. Marouf S, Khalf MA, Alorabi M, El-Shehawi AM, ElTahan AM, Abd El-Hack ME, et al. Mycoplasma
gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry
industry in Egypt. Poult Sci. 2022;11(2):101658.
6. Atiyah WR, Hamood MF. Enhancing the productive
performance of broiler chickens by adding Spirulina
platensis compared with probiotic, prebiotics, and
oxytetracycline. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2021;45(1):31-6.
7. Ishfaq M, Hu W, Khan MZ, Ahmad I, Guo W, Li J.
Current status of vaccine research, development, and
challenges of vaccines for Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
Poult Sci. 2020;99(9):4195-202.
8. Xiao X, Sun J, Yang T, Fang X, Wu D, Xiong YQ, et al.
In vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles of
valnemulin in an experimental intratracheal Mycoplasma
gallisepticum infection model. Antimicrob Agents
Chemother. 2015;59(7):3754-60.
9. Ali MZ, Rahman MM, Sultana S. Seroprevalence of
Mycoplasma gallisepticum antibody by ELISA and serum
plate agglutination test of laying chicken. Vet World.
2015;8(1):9.
10. Leigh S, Collier S, Branton S, Evans J. Antibody
Pretreatment Does Not Impact Mycoplasma Gallisepticum
Vaccination or Experimental Infection. J Vet Ani Res.
2019;2:201.
11. Gaunson J, Philip C, Whithear K, Browning G. The
cellular immune response in the tracheal mucosa to
Mycoplasma gallisepticum in vaccinated and unvaccinated
chickens in the acute and chronic stages of disease.
Vaccine. 2006;24(14)-2627-33.
12. Ali E, Ali B. Inflammatory reaction aginst mycoplasma
gallisepticum infection in broiler. Iraqi J Agric Sci.
2019;50(4):1432-8.
13. Burnham M, Branton S, Peebles E, Lott B, Gerard P.
Effects of F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation
at twelve weeks of age on performance and egg
characteristics of commercial egg-laying hens. Poult Sci.
2002;81(10):1478-85.
14. Luna LG. Manual of histologic staining methods of the
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 1968.
Muofaq Khalaf et al / Archives of Razi Institute, Vol. 78, No. 2 (2023) 729-735 735
15. Noormohammadi AH, Whithear KG. Comparison of the
short-term and long-term efficacies of the Mycoplasma
gallisepticum vaccines ts-11 and 6/85. Avian Pathol.
2019;48(3):238-44.
16. Leigh SA, Evans JD, Collier SD, Branton SL. The impact
of vaccination route on Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine
efficacy. Poult Sci. 2018;97(9):3072-5.
17. Ahmed A. Comparison of the immune response between
local manufactured and commercial inactivated Newcastle
Disease Virus vaccine in a challenge trail with field
isolated Newcastle Disease Virus: AI Ahmed1; SM
Odisho2 and RN Al-Gafari3. Iraqi J Vet Med.
2018;42(1):46-51.
18. Asway A, Shalaby H, Deeb K, Shalaby M.
Serological studies on mycoplasma gallisepticum
infection in chickens. Assiut Vet Med J.
2009;55(120):1-24.
19. Atalla H, Lysnyansky I, Raviv Y, Rottem S. Mycoplasma
 gallisepticum inactivated by targeting the hydrophobic
domain of the membrane preserves surface lipoproteins and
induces a strong immune response. PloS One.
2015;10(3):e0120462.
20. Bekele L, Assefa T. Inactivated vaccine trial of
Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Ethiopia. Open J Vet Med.
2018;8(6):75-85.
21. Noor M, Shamsul M, Basit M, Ahmed S, Muhammad D,
Rajib M, et al. Evaluation of the Immunogenicity of OilBased Mycoplasma gallisepticum Killed Vaccine in Broiler
Chickens Experimentally Prepared from Local Isolate of
Bangladesh. J Anim Vet Adv. 2020;19(8).
22. Wang Y, Li Y, Yue M, Wang J, Kumar S, WechslerReya RJ, et al. N6-methyladenosine RNA modification
regulates embryonic neural stem cell self-renewal through
histone modifications. Nat. Neurosci. 2018;21(2):195-206.
23. Tizard IR. Veterinary Immunology-E-Book: Elsevier
Health Sciences; 2017.

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