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مقایسه باردهی و کارآئی عملکرد ارقام تجاری گلابی روی پایه نیمه‌پاکوتاه پیرودوارف (Pyrodwarf) | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 37، شماره 4، دی 1400، صفحه 399-423 اصل مقاله (1.57 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppi.2022.356262.1254 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| حمید عبداللهی* | ||
| پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| علی‌رغم توسعه کاربرد پایه نیمه پاکوتاه‌کننده گلابی پیرودوارف (Pyrodwarf) در ایران، باردهی نهائی و کارآئی ارقام تجاری مختلف گلابی، روی این پایه تاکنون مورد بررسی و تحلیل دقیق قرار نگرفته است. لذا در تحقیق اخیر، عملکرد، پتانسیل باردهی و کارآئی عملکرد چهار رقم تجاری گلابی شامل ارقام لوئیزبون، اسپادونا، درگزی و بیروت روی پایه پیرودوارف طی چهار سال (1396 تا 1399) در مرحله تولید تجاری و باردهی کامل باغ، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. صفات رشدی با توجه به قدرت رشد دو رقم درگزی و اسپادونا در این ارقام بیش از رقم لوئیزبون بود و کلیه ارقام در سن هشت سالگی ارتفاعی بین 4/299 تا 7/352 سانتی‌متر داشتند که تائید کننده نیمه‌پاکوتاه‌کنندگی پایه پیرودوارف بود. همچنین بیش‌ترین عملکرد در درخت در رقم درگزی و سپس در سطح کم‌تری در دو رقم اسپادونا و لوئیزبون مشاهده شد. علی‌رغم افزایش عملکرد با افزایش سن درختان، عملکرد به ازاء سطح مقطع تنه به صورت یکنواخت کاهش داشت، به صورتی که این شاخص در سال 1396 در اغلب ارقام بیش از 2/0 و در دو سال 1398 و 1399 به حدود 05/0 کیلوگرم به ازاء سانتی‌متر مربع سطح مقطع تنه کاهش یافت. وضعیت مشابهی در رابطه با تعداد میوه و عملکرد به ازاء واحد حجم کانوپی مشاهده شد. بر این اساس ضمن وجود بالاترین عملکرد به ازاء واحد حجم کانوپی در رقم لوئیزبون، لازم است استفاده از فرم‌های تربیت با کارآئی عملکرد بالاتر و با کاهش نسبت سایه‌انداز درخت در بخش‌های درونی کانوپی، به منظور تولید بیش‌تر روی این پایه مورد بررسی و توسعه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گلابی؛ باردهی اقتصادی؛ حجم کانوپی؛ لوئیزبون؛ درگزی؛ باغ تجاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of Bearing and Yield Efficiency of Commercial Pear Cultivars on Pyrodwarf Semi-dwarfing Rootstock | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Abdollahi | ||
| Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Despite adaptability of Pyrodwarf semi-dwarf pear rootstock in Iran, the final yield and yield efficiency of different commercial pear cultivars on this rootstock have not been studied and analyzed in detail. Therefore, in recent study, the yield, yield potential and yield efficiency of four commercial pear cultivars including Louis Bonne, Spadona, Dargazi and Beyrut cultivars were evaluated on Pyrodwarf rootstock during four years (2017 to 2020) in commercial bearing phase. Growth traits according to high vigor of Dargazi and Spadona cultivars were higher than Louise Bonne cultivar and all cultivars in 2020 (8 years old) had a height between 294.4 to 352.7 cm, which indicates semi-dwarf habit of this rootstock. The highest yield per tree was in Dargazi cultivar and then at a lower level in two cultivars Spadona and Louise Bonne. In spite of increase in tree yields with increasing age of the trees, the yield per trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) decreased consistently, so this index in 2017 was more than 0.2 in most cultivars and decreased to about 0.05 kg per cm2 TCSA in two years 2019 and 2020. A similar situation was observed in terms of fruit number and yield per unit volume of canopy and the highest efficiency of canopy volume unit was observed in Louise Bonne cultivar. It can be concluded that for higher yield efficiency of pear cultivars on Pyrodwarf rootstock, evaluation of training forms that decrease the canopy shading in the internal parts of canopy is essential. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pear, commercial bearing, canopy volume, Louise Bonne, Dargazi, commercial orchard | ||
| مراجع | ||
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