| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,846 |
| تعداد مقالات | 32,300 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 41,386,847 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 18,562,111 |
مقایسه باردهی و کارآئی عملکرد ارقام تجاری گلابی روی پایه نیمه‌پاکوتاه پیرودوارف (Pyrodwarf) | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 37، شماره 4، دی 1400، صفحه 399-423 اصل مقاله (1.57 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppi.2022.356262.1254 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| حمید عبداللهی* | ||
| پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| علی‌رغم توسعه کاربرد پایه نیمه پاکوتاه‌کننده گلابی پیرودوارف (Pyrodwarf) در ایران، باردهی نهائی و کارآئی ارقام تجاری مختلف گلابی، روی این پایه تاکنون مورد بررسی و تحلیل دقیق قرار نگرفته است. لذا در تحقیق اخیر، عملکرد، پتانسیل باردهی و کارآئی عملکرد چهار رقم تجاری گلابی شامل ارقام لوئیزبون، اسپادونا، درگزی و بیروت روی پایه پیرودوارف طی چهار سال (1396 تا 1399) در مرحله تولید تجاری و باردهی کامل باغ، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. صفات رشدی با توجه به قدرت رشد دو رقم درگزی و اسپادونا در این ارقام بیش از رقم لوئیزبون بود و کلیه ارقام در سن هشت سالگی ارتفاعی بین 4/299 تا 7/352 سانتی‌متر داشتند که تائید کننده نیمه‌پاکوتاه‌کنندگی پایه پیرودوارف بود. همچنین بیش‌ترین عملکرد در درخت در رقم درگزی و سپس در سطح کم‌تری در دو رقم اسپادونا و لوئیزبون مشاهده شد. علی‌رغم افزایش عملکرد با افزایش سن درختان، عملکرد به ازاء سطح مقطع تنه به صورت یکنواخت کاهش داشت، به صورتی که این شاخص در سال 1396 در اغلب ارقام بیش از 2/0 و در دو سال 1398 و 1399 به حدود 05/0 کیلوگرم به ازاء سانتی‌متر مربع سطح مقطع تنه کاهش یافت. وضعیت مشابهی در رابطه با تعداد میوه و عملکرد به ازاء واحد حجم کانوپی مشاهده شد. بر این اساس ضمن وجود بالاترین عملکرد به ازاء واحد حجم کانوپی در رقم لوئیزبون، لازم است استفاده از فرم‌های تربیت با کارآئی عملکرد بالاتر و با کاهش نسبت سایه‌انداز درخت در بخش‌های درونی کانوپی، به منظور تولید بیش‌تر روی این پایه مورد بررسی و توسعه قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گلابی؛ باردهی اقتصادی؛ حجم کانوپی؛ لوئیزبون؛ درگزی؛ باغ تجاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of Bearing and Yield Efficiency of Commercial Pear Cultivars on Pyrodwarf Semi-dwarfing Rootstock | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Abdollahi | ||
| Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Despite adaptability of Pyrodwarf semi-dwarf pear rootstock in Iran, the final yield and yield efficiency of different commercial pear cultivars on this rootstock have not been studied and analyzed in detail. Therefore, in recent study, the yield, yield potential and yield efficiency of four commercial pear cultivars including Louis Bonne, Spadona, Dargazi and Beyrut cultivars were evaluated on Pyrodwarf rootstock during four years (2017 to 2020) in commercial bearing phase. Growth traits according to high vigor of Dargazi and Spadona cultivars were higher than Louise Bonne cultivar and all cultivars in 2020 (8 years old) had a height between 294.4 to 352.7 cm, which indicates semi-dwarf habit of this rootstock. The highest yield per tree was in Dargazi cultivar and then at a lower level in two cultivars Spadona and Louise Bonne. In spite of increase in tree yields with increasing age of the trees, the yield per trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) decreased consistently, so this index in 2017 was more than 0.2 in most cultivars and decreased to about 0.05 kg per cm2 TCSA in two years 2019 and 2020. A similar situation was observed in terms of fruit number and yield per unit volume of canopy and the highest efficiency of canopy volume unit was observed in Louise Bonne cultivar. It can be concluded that for higher yield efficiency of pear cultivars on Pyrodwarf rootstock, evaluation of training forms that decrease the canopy shading in the internal parts of canopy is essential. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pear, commercial bearing, canopy volume, Louise Bonne, Dargazi, commercial orchard | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdollahi, H. 2010. Pear: botany, cultivars and rootstocks. Iranian Agricultural Ministry Publications, Tehran, Iran. 210 pp. (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H., and Hassani, H. 2021. Vegetative characteristics and early bearing of some fire blight tolerant European pear cultivars on semi-dwarfing Pyrodwarf® and OH×F87TM rootstocks. Seed and Plant Journal 37: 41-62.
Abdollahi, H., and Mohammadi Gramaroudi, M. 2019. Evaluation of growth and bearing of several commercial pear (Pyrus communis) cultivars on semi-dwarfing Pyrodwarf rootstock. Plant Production Technology 10: 179-190 (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H., Atashkar, D., and Alizadeh, A. 2012. Comparison of dwarfing effects of two hawthorn and quince rootstocks on several commercial pear cultivars. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 43: 53-63 (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H., Mohammadi, M., Atashkar, D., and Alizadeh, A. 2018. Comparison of growth and yield of some commercial pear cultivars on two dwarf hawthorn (Crataegus atrosanguinea) and quince A rootstocks. Seed and Plant Production Journal 34-2: 1-21 (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H., Muleo, R., and Rugini, E. 2006. Optimization of regeneration and maintenance of morphogenic callus in pear (Pyrus communis L.) by simple and double regeneration techniques. Scientia Horticulturae 108: 352-358.
Ahmadi, K., Ebadzadeh, H. R., Hatami, F., Hosseinpour, R., and Abdshah, H. 2019. Statistical yearbook of agriculture 2018. Volume III: Horticultural crops. Information and Communications Technology Center. Deputy for Planning and Economy. Ministry of Jehad-e-Agricultural. Tehran, Iran. 166 pp.
Ardestanirostami, H., Sheikhigarjanm A., Arbab A., and Javadzade, M. 2016-2017. Control of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola, by trunk injection of azadirachtin and complete fertilizer. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science 47: 253-261 (in Persian).
Azarabadi, S. R., Abdollahi, H., and Torabi, M. 2014. Resistance of new semi-dwarfing pear rootstocks to fire blight in vitro and greenhouse conditions. Seed and Plant Journal 30-1: 227-242 (in Persian).
Azarabadi, S., Abdollahi, H., Torabi, M., Salehi, Z., and Nasiri, J. 2016. ROS generation, oxidative burst and dynamic expression profiles of ROS-scavenging enzymes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in response to Erwinia amylovora in pear (Pyrus communis L). European Journal of Plant Pathology 147: 279-294.
Bell, R. L. 1991. Pears (Pyrus). Acta Horticulturae 290: 657-700.
Campbell, J. 2003. Pear rootstocks. AGFACTS. New South Wales Agriculture. Australia. 13 pp.
Davoodee, A., Majidi, E., Rahimian, H., and Valizadeh, M. 2005. Study of fire blight severity in some pear cultivars with USDA standard system. Journal of Water and Soil Science (Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources) 9 (2): 169-182 (in Persian).
Erfani, J., Ebadi, A., Abdollahi, H., Fatahi Moghadam, M. R., and Arzani, K. 2012. Evaluation of fire blight resistance and the related markers in some European and Asian pear cultivars. Seed and Plant Journal 29-1: 659-672 (in Persian).
Esmaeili, A., Abdollahi H., Bazgir, M., and Abdossi V. 2019. Effect of lime concentration on pear’s rootstock/scion combinations. Horticultural Science (Prague) 46: 123–131.
FAO. 2019. Food and Agricultural Organization Statistical Yearbook. World Food and Agriculture. Publication of Food and Agricultural Organization, Rome, Italy.
Gerjan Brouwer D., and Adri Streef, D., 2017. Bio zoekt boer, bio zoekt keten; bio zoekt boer en bio zoekt keten zijn gezamenlijke initiatieven van boerenbond, abs en bio forum en worden financieel ondersteund door de vlaamse o verheid. Delphy Publishing, Wageningen, The Netherlands. 85 pp. (in Dutch).
Ghasemi, A. A., Nassiri, J., and Yahyaabadi, M. 2011. Study of the relative tolerance of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) rootstocks to different bicarbonate concentrations. Seed and Plant Journal 31-1: 265-278 (in Persian).
Hadad, M. M., Jafarpur, M. and Ghasemi, A. A. 2015. Study of vegetative and generative growth characteristics of pear Shahmiveh on 6 rootstocks in Isfahan. pp. 1-6. In: Proceedings of the 9th Horticultural Congress of Iran. 21-24 January 2015. Ahvaz, Iran. (in Persian).
Ikinci, A., Bolat, I., Ercisli, S., and Kodad, O. 2014. Influence of rootstocks on growth, yield, fruit quality and leaf mineral element contents of pear cv. Santa Maria in semi-arid conditions. Biological Research 47: 1-8.
Jackson, J. E. 2003. Biology of apples and pears. Cambridge University Press. New York, USA. 501 pp.
Jacob, H. B. 1998. Pyrodwarf, a new clonal rootstock for high density pear orchards. Acta Horticulturae 475: 169-178.
Khodaee Chegenee, F., Abdollahi, H., Ershadee, A., and Esna Ashari, M. 2011. Determination of micro-propagation protocol for OH×F333 and OH×F69 pear clonal rootstocks. Seed and Plant Journal 27-2: 297-312 (in Persian).
Mansuryar, M., Erfani Moghadam, J., Abdollahi H., and Salami, S. A. R. 2016. Optimization of in vitro micropropagation protocol for some vigorous rootstocks of pear. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 47: 361-370. (in Persian).
Mansuryar, M., Abdollahi H., Erfani Moghadam, J., Mirabdulbaghi, M., and Salami, S. A. R. 2017a. Effects of ammonium nitrate and calcium chloride salts on proliferation and improvement of in vitro shootlets quality of vigorous pear rootstocks. Seed and Plant Journal 33-2: 249-266. (in Persian).
Mansuryar, M., Abdollahi H., Erfani Moghadam, J., and Salami, S. A. R. 2017b. Study of antioxidant enzymes activity and morphological changes in some vigorous pears inoculated with cause of fire blight disease (Erwinia amylovora) in vitro conditions. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 18: 81-88 (in Persian).
Mészáros, M., Laňar, L., Kosina, J., and Náměstek, J. 2019. Aspects influencing the rootstock-scion performance during long term evaluation in pear orchard. HortScience (Prague) 46: 1-8.
Mirabdulbaghi, M. 2020. Leaf nutrient status of some grafted-pear rootstocks influenced by different soil types. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18: 1-7.
Nikzad Gharehaghaji, A., Arzani, K., Abdollahi, H., Shojaeian, A., Dondini, L., and De Franceschi, P. 2014. Genomic characterization of self-incompatibility ribonucleases in the Central Asian pear germplasm and introgression of new alleles from other species of the genus Pyrus. Tree Genetics and Genomics 10: 411-428.
Nourmohammadi, N., Abdollahi, H., Moeini, A., and Roohalamin, E. 2015. Effects of growth media and Fe source on micropropagation and rooting of semi-dwarf pear rootstocks, Pyrodwarf and OH×F87. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 31: 265-278 (in Persian).
Pasa, M. S., Brighenti, A. F., Ciotta, M. N. and Carra, B. 2021. Performance of 'Rocha' pears on three rootstocks planted in high-density. Acta Horticulturae 1303: 205-210.
Tatari M., Ghasemi A., and Rezaei M. 2016. Evaluation of vegetative and reproductive traits of some commercial pear cultivars on quince clonal rootstocks in Isfahan climatical conditions. Seed and Plant Production Journal 32-2: 45-62 (in Persian).
Tukey, H. B. 1964. Dwarfed fruit trees. Cornell University Press. Ithaca, USA. 562 pp.
Vernière, C., Perrier, X., Dubois, C., Dubois, A., Botella, L., Chabrier, C., Bové, J. M., and Duran Vila, N. 2004. Citrus viroids: symptom expression and effect on vegetative growth and yield of clementine trees grafted on trifoliate orange. Plant Disease 88: 1189-1197.
Westwood, M. N. 1993. Temperate zone pomology: Physiology and culture. Timber Press. Portland, Oregon, USA. 523 pp.
Westwood, M. N., and Roberts, A. N. 1970. The relationship between trunk cross-sectional area and weight of apple trees. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 95: 28-30.
Zeratgar H., Davarinejad G. H., and Abdollahi, H. 2012. Determination of suitable pollinizer for some Iranian native pear cultivars. Seed and Plant Journal 28-2: 435-448 (in Persian).
Zohuri, M., Abdollahi, H., Arji, I., and Abdossi, V. 2020. Variations in growth and photosynthetic parameters of some clonal semi-dwarfing and vigorous seedling pear (Pyrus spp.) rootstocks in response to deficit irrigation. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum 19: 105-121.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 357 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 327 |
||