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تنوع کروموزومی و اندازه ژنوم در گیاه داروئی مرزه (Satureja spp.) | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 29، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 58، اسفند 1400، صفحه 236-250 اصل مقاله (894.9 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2021.354486.1383 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ساحل زارع تیموری1؛ قاسم کریم زاده* 2؛ آناهیتا شریعت3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه ژنتیک و به‏نژادی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 2استاد گروه ژنتیک و به نژادی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 3محقق موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتعT سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گیاه مرزه (Satureja spp.) با داشتن گونه‌های مختلف و ترکیبات با ارزشی همانند تیمول و کارواکرول، دارای اهمیت خاصی در میان گیاهان دارویی است. در این تحقیق، بذرهای هشت جمعیت از سه گونه مرزه (hortensis S. ، S. mutica و boissieri S.) و همچنین بذرهای دو رقم اصلاح شده آلمانی مرزه (S. hortensis cv. Aromag) و (S. hortensis cv. Saturn) از نظر سیتوژنتیکی ارزیابی شدند. نتایج کاریوتیپی نشان داد که هشت جمعیت از گونه S. hortensis (S1P1-S1P8) دیپلوئید (48x=2n=2) و دو جمعیت از گونه های mutica و S. boissieri (S2P1-S3P1) تتراپلوئید (60x =4n=2) با تعداد کروموزوم‌‌های پایه متفاوت به‌ترتیب 24 و 15 بودند. میانگین طول کروموزو‌م‌ها در تمام جمعیت ها mµ 46/1 (دامنهm µ 71/1-19/1) بود. برای اندازه‌گیری مقدار ژنوم با استفاده از دستگاه فلوسایتومتری، از فلوروکروم PI و گیاه استاندارد جعفری (Petroselinum crispum, 2C DNA = 4.45 pg) استفاده شد. داده‌ها در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج تکرار (طول کروموزوم) و سه تکرار (اندازه ژنوم) تجزیه آماری شدند. نتایج تفاوت معنی‌داری را در سطح احتمال یک درصد بین جمعیت‌ها برای دو آماره نشان داد. میانگین مقدار 2C DNA برای تمام دیپلوئیدها pg 52/3 (دامنهpg 8/3-3/3) و برای دو جمعیت تتراپلوئید pg 38/2 (دامنهpg 51/25-2/2) بود. در این مطالعه مقدار اندازه ژنوم برای اولین بار در گونه های ذکر شده گزارش گردید که در کنار سایر صفات اندازه‌گیری شده میتواند به غنای دانش کاریولوژیک در جنس مرزه Satureja کمک کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مرزه؛ Satureja؛ گیاه دارویی؛ کروموزوم؛ اندازه ژنوم؛ فلوسایتومتری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Chromosomal and genome size diversity in savory (Satureja spp.) medicinal plant | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Zare Teymoori1؛ G. Karimzadeh2؛ A. Shariat3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Graduated student, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Prof., Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University | ||
| 3Researcher, Biotechnology Research Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Savory (Satureja spp.) with different species and valuable compounds such as thymol and carvacrol, has special importance among medicinal plants. In this study, the seeds of eight populations of three different species of Satureja (S. hortensis, S. mutica, and S. boissieri), as well as the seeds of two improved German savory cultivars (S. hortensis cv. Aromag) and (S. hortensis cv. Saturn), were evaluated cytogenetically. Karyotypic results showed that eight populations of S. hortensis (S1P1-S1P8) were diploid (2n = 2x = 48) and two populations of S. boissieri and S. mutica (S2P1 and S3P1) were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 60) with different basic chromosome numbers of 24 and 15, respectively. The average chromosome length in all the populations was 1.46 µm (ranged from 1.19 to 1.71 µm). Propidium iodide (PI) flourochrome and standard parsley plant (Petroselinum crispum, 2C DNA = 4.45 pg) were used to measure genome size using flow cytometry. Data were statistically analyzed in a completely randomized design with five and three replications for chromosome length and genome size, respectively. The results showed a significant difference among the populations based on the two statistics methods (p<0.01). The mean value of 2C DNA for all the diploids was 3.52 pg (ranged from 3.29 to 3.78 pg) and for the two tetraploid populations was 2.38 pg (ranged from 2.25 to 2.51 pg). In the present study, the amount of genome size was reported for the first time for the mentioned species, which along with other measured traits can contribute to the richness of karyological knowledge in Satureja | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Savory, Satureja, medicinal plant, chromosome, genome size, flow cytometry | ||
| مراجع | ||
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