| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,998 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,576 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,216,062 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,565,857 |
تأثیر میزان آلودگی غده‌های بذری سیب‌زمینی به اسکلروت‌هایRhizoctonia solani در شدت و وقوع بیماری شانکر ریزوکتونیایی ساقه زیر زمینی | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 90، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 114، 1401، صفحه 11-25 اصل مقاله (594.94 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2022.355896.1412 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کسری شریفی* 1؛ فاطمه خلقتی بنا2 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور | ||
| 2عضو هیات علمی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شوره سیاه یا آلودگی غده‌ها به اسکلروت Rhizoctonia solani Kühn از بیماری‌های مهم در دستورالعمل استاندارد ملی سلامت غده‌های بذری سیب‌زمینی است. در این پژوهش نقش زادمایه بذرزاد و خاکزاد در وقوع و شدت شانکر ریزوکتونیایی ساقه زیرزمینی بررسی شد. غده‌های بذری با شش سطح متفاوت آلودگی به شوره‌سیاه در سه نوع خاک ضدعفونی شده، ضدعفونی نشده و ضدعفونی نشده+زادمایه در شرایط گلخانه کشت شدند. ارزیابی براساس تعداد ساقه‌های تولید شده، درصد وقوع و شدت شانکر ریزوکتونیایی انجام شد. بیشترین شدت بیماری در خاک ضدعفونی نشده+زادمایه و غده‌های بذری با سطح آلودگی بیش از 15 درصد مشاهده شد. کمترین شدت شانکر مربوط به غده‌های بذری بدون آلودگی یا غده‌های بذری با آلودگی کمتر از 1 درصد و 5-1 درصد بود. به‌طور کلی در همه تیمارهای خاک، غده‌هایی که آلودگی آن‌ها بیش از 5 درصد بود، 100-70 درصد ساقه‌های تولید شده بیمار بوده و شدت بیماری حداقل 30 درصد افزایش یافت. لذا توصیه می‌شود برای کشت و کار سیب‌زمینی از غده‌های بذری عاری از اسکلروت و یا کمتر از5 درصد استفاده شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بذرزاد؛ پوسیدگی ریشه؛ خاکزاد؛ شوره سیاه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of the level of seed tuber infection by Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia on the severity and incidence of Rhizoctonia stem canker disease | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Kasra Sharifi1؛ Fatemeh Khelgati Bana2 | ||
| 1IRIPP | ||
| 2IRIPP | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Infection of potato seed tubers by Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia or black scurf is one of the most important diseases in the guideline of potato seed national health standard. In this study, the roles of seed- and soil-borne inoculums on shoot number, canker incidence (CI) and canker severity (CS) were investigated in the greenhouse condition. First, seed tubers with six different levels of R. solani sclerotia coverage were planted in the three soil treatments including: disinfected soil, non-disinfected soil and non-disinfected soil + inoculum. Accordingly, the effects of soil treatment were analyzed on each tuber infection level. To scrutinize this significant interaction, the effect of soil treatments were further analyzed on tuber infection level. The highest CS was observed in "non-disinfected soil+inoculum treament and seed tubers with more than 15% sclerotia coverage. The lowest CS was observed in seed tubers with zero or <1% and 1-5% sclerotia coverage. The highest CI was observed in the treatment of non-disinfected soil + inoculum+ seed tubers with more than 15% sclerotia coverage. Overall, in all soil treatments the tubers with more than 5% sclerotia coverage level, resulted in 70-100% production of infected stems and increased disease severity up to at least 30%. According to these results, it is recommended to plant sclerotia free seed tubers, but in the case of black scurf infection on seed tubers, this infection should not be more than 5%. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Black scurf, potato, root rot, seed-borne, soil-borne | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
ABDEL-SATTAR, M., H. El-MARZOUKY and U. IBRAHIM. 2017. Pathogenicity test and anastomosis group of Rhizoctonia solani the causal organism of stem canker and black scurf disease of potato in Egypt. Journal of Applied Plant Protection, 6:1-8. ADAMS, M.J., G.A. HIDE and D.H. LAPWOOD. 1980. Relationships between disease levels on seed tubers, on crops during growth and in store potatoes. Potato Research, 23:201-214. ANGUIZ, R. and C. MARTIN. 1989. Anastomosis groups, pathogenicity and other characteristics of Rhizoctonia solani isolated from potatoes in Peru. Plant Disease, 73:199-201. ANONYMOUS, 2019. Agricultural Statistics. Publications of Statistics and Information Center of the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture. 274 pp. BAINAS, P. S., H.S. BENNYPAUL, D. R. LYNCH, L. M. KAWCHUK, and C.A. SCHAUPMEYER. 2002. Rhizoctonia disease of potatoes (Rhizoctonia solani): Fungicidal efficacy and cultivar susceptibility. American Journal of Potato Research, 79(2): 99-106. BANDY, B.P., S.S. LEACH and S.M. TAVANTZIS. 1988. Anastomosis group 3 is the major cause of Rhizoctonia disease of potato in Maine. Plant Disease, 72:596-598. BANVILLE, G.J. 1989. Yield losses and damage to potato plants caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. American Potato Journal, 66: 821-834. BANVILLE, G.J. and D.E. CARLING. 2001. Rhizoctonia canker and black scurf. Pages 36-37. In: Compendium of Potato Diseases. W.R. Stevenson, R. Loria, G.D. Franc and D.P. Weingartner. (Eds.). APS Press, St. Paul, MN. 106 pp. CARLING, D. E., S. KUNINAGA and K. A. BRAINARD. 2002. Hyphal anastomosis reactions, rDNA-internal transcribed spacer sequences, and virulence levels among subsets of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group-2 (AG-2) and AG-BI. Phytopathology, 92(1): 43-50. CARLING, D.E., R.H. LEINER and P.C. WESTPHALE.1989. Symptoms, signs and yield reduction associated with Rhizoctonia disease of potato induced by tuber borne inoculum of Rhizoctonia soalni AG-3. American Potato Journal, 66:693-701. CARLING, D.E., R.H. LEINER, and K.M. KEBLER.1987. Characterization of a new anastomosis group (AG-9) of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology, 77:1609-1612. CUBETA, M.A., B.R. CODY and P.C. CERESINI, 2001. Rhizoctonia diseases of potato. www.ces.ncsu.edu/plymouth/pubs/scurf.html. DAS, S., F.A. SHAH, R.C. BUTLER, R.E. Falloon, A. Stewart, S. Raikar, and A.R. Pitman. 2014. Genetic variability and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani associated with black scurf of potato in New Zealand. Plant Pathology, 63: 651-666. FRANK, J.A. and S.S. LEACH, 1980. Comparison of tuber borne and soil borne inoculum in the Rhizoctonia disease of potato Phytopatholy, 70:51-53. GVOZDEVA, E.L., A. V. VOLOTSKAYA, A.V. SOFIN, N. N. KUDRYAVTSEVA, T. A. REVINA, and T. A. VALUEVA. 2006. Interaction of proteinases secreted by the fungal plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani with natural proteinase inhibitors produced by plants. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 42: 502-507. HENIS, Y., A. GHAFFAR, R. AKER, and S.L. GILLESPIE.1978. A new pellet Soil-Sampler and its use for the study of population dynamics of Rhizoctonia solani in soil. Phytopathololgy, 68:371-376. HIDE, G.A. and J.K. Horrocks. 1994. Influence of stem canker (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) on tuber yield, tuber size, reducing sugars and crisp color in cv Record. Potato Research, 37: 43–49. HIDE, G.A., J.M. HIRST and O.J. STEDMAN. 1973. Effects of black scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) on potatoes. Annual of Applied Boilogy, 74:139-148. JAFARPOUR, B. 1992. Potato diseases. Mashhad University Press. 283 pp. JALIANI, N. and K. SHARIFI. 2017. Evaluation of methods to prevent stem canker and black scurf damage on potato. Research report published by the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, 27 pp. 19228 JAMES CLIVE, W.C. 1971. An illustrated series of assessment keys for plant diseses, their preparation and usage. Canadian Plant Diseases survey, 51:39-65. JEGER, M.J., G.A. HIDE, P.H.J.f. Van Den BOOGEERT, A.J. TERMORSHUIZEN, and P. Van BAARLEN. 1996. Pathology and control of soil-borne fungal pathogens of potato. Potato Research, 39:437-468. KARIMI, A. 1985. Complementary study of potato diseases. Research report of the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, 17 pp. KUNINAGA, S., R. NICOLETTI, E. LAHOZ, S. NATIO. 2000. Ascription of Nt-isolates of Rhizoctonia solani to anastomosis group 2-1 (AG-2-1) on account of rDNA-ITS sequence similarity. Journal of Plant Pathology, 82: 61–4. LEACH, S.S., G.A. PORTER, R.V. ROURKE, and W.M. CLAPHAM. 1993. Effects of moldboard plowing, chisel plowing and rotation crops on the Rhizoctonia disease of white potato. American Potato Journal, 70:329-337. LITTLE, G., R. MARQUINEZ, and L.R. COOKE. 1988. The response of twelve potato cultivars to infection with Rhizoctonia solani. Annual of Applied Biology Supplement, 112:88-89. LOOTSMA, M. and K. SCHOLTE, 1997. Effect of soil moisture on the suppression of Rhizoctonia stem canker on potato by nematode Aphelenchus avenae and the springtail Folsomia fimetaria. Plant Pathology, 46:209-215. LOOTSMA, M. and K. SCHOLTE. 1996. Effects of soil disinfection and potato harvesting methods on stem infection by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn in the following year. Potato Research, 39:15-22. MUZHINJI, N., J.W. WOODHALL, M. Truter and J.E. van der WAALS. 2018. Relative contribution of seed tuber-and soilborne inoculum to potato disease development and changes in the population genetic structure of Rhizoctonia solani AG 3-PT under field conditions in South Africa. Plant disease, 102(1), 60-66. OOGOSHI, A. 1987. Ecology and pathogenicity of anastomosis and intraspecific groups of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Annu. Rev. Phytopathology, 25:125–143. SCHOLTE, K. 1992. Effect of crop rotation on the incidence of soil-borne fungal diseases of potato. Netherlans Journal of Plant Pathology, 98:93-101. SHARIFI, K. and B. SOHEILI. 2006. Evaluation of the effect of the new fungicide, Monsern, on prevention and control of Rhizoctonia canker of underground stem and black scurf of potato tuber. Research report of the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute, 21 pp. SNEH, B., J. KATAN, Y. HENIS, and I. WAHL. 1966. Methods for evaluation inoculum density of Rhizoctonia in naturally infested soil. Phytopatholgy, 56:74-78. STEVENS JOHNK, J., R.K. JONES, H.D. SHEW, D.E. CARLING. 1993.Characterization of populations of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 from potato and tobacco. Phytopathology, 83: 854–8. TOMAS-SHARMA, S., A. ABDURAHMAN, S. ALI, J. L. ANDRADE-PIEDRA, S. BAO, A. O. CHRKOWSKI and G. A. FORBES. 2016. Seed degeneration in potato: the need for an integrated seed health strategy to mitigate the problem in developing countries. Plant Pathology, 65: 3-16. VAN DEN BOOGERT, P.H.J.F. and A.J.G. LUTTIHKOLT. 2004. Compatible biological and chemical control systems for Rhizoctonia solani in potato. Eurpean Journal of Plant Pathology, 110: 111-118. VAN DEN BRINK, L., and R. WUSTMAN. 2014. Rhizoctonia solani in potatoes and its control: Specific recommendations for seed production in Punjab (India). PPO AGV. WICKS, T. 2001. Biological and chemical control of Rhizoctonia. HRDC Final Report. South Australian Research and Development Institute. Plant Research Center. 49 pp. WOODHALL, J.W., A.K. LES, S.G. EDWARDS, P. JENKINSON. 2007. Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani from potato in Great Britain. Plant Pathology 56, 286–95. YANG, G. and C. Li. 2012. General description of Rhizoctonia species complex. Plant Pathology, ed C.J. Cumagun. 362 pp. ZHANG, X. Y., H. L. HUO, X. M. XI, L.L. LIU, Z. YU and J. J. HAO. 2016. Histological observation of potato in response to Rhizoctonia solani infection. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 145: 289-303. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 615 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 471 |
||