| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,030 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,907 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,276,906 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 61,860,093 |
ارزیابی تحمل به تنش کمبود فسفر در لاین‌های خالص آفتابگردان روغنی (Helianthus annuus L.) | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 132، آبان 1400، صفحه 139-120 اصل مقاله (754.84 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2022.343448.1485 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم رسول زاده اقدم1؛ رضا درویش زاده1؛ ابراهیم سپهر2؛ هادی علی پور* 1 | ||
| 1گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| فسفر از عناصر ضروری برای گیاهان است؛ در خاک‌های آهکی به‌دلیل pH بالا، وجود کربنات کلسیم، کمبود ماده آلی، مقدار فسفر قابل جذب گیاه بسیار کم بوده و همچنین کانی‌های دارای فسفر در شرایط معمولی انحلال‌پذیری کمتری دارند. به منظور شناسایی لاین‌های متحمل به تنش کمبود فسفر، آزمایشی گلدانی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و 95 لاین خالص آفتابگردان روغنی در دو شرایط بهینه و کمبود فسفر در سال زراعی 95-1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ارومیه انجام شد. شاخص‌های میانگین هارمونیک (HARM)، میانگین بهره‌وری (MP)، میانگین هندسی بهره‌وری (GMP) و تحمل به تنش (STI) به ترتیب همبستگی بسیار معنی‌داری با عملکرد در شرایط بهینه و کمبود فسفر نشان دادند، لذا می‌توان این شاخص‌ها را بعنوان مناسب‌ترین شاخص‌ها برای غربال کردن لاین‌های متحمل به کمبود فسفر که در شرایط بهینه و کمبود فسفر عملکرد بالایی دارند در نظر گرفت. با توجه به نتایج تجزیه به مؤلفه‌های اصلی و تجزیه کلاستر بر مبنای شاخص‌های تحمل و عملکرد تحت شرایط بهینه و کمبود فسفر، لاین‌های شماره 38 (37/54=Ys؛ 23/72=Yp؛ 40/106=TAPs؛ 53/400=TAPp)، 94 (73/34=Ys؛ 60/70=Yp؛ 00/44=TAPs؛ 93/121=TAPp) و 95 (77/25=Ys؛ 67/70=Yp؛ 53/21=TAPs؛ 53/36=TAPp) نه تنها از نظر شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش، بلکه در هر دو شرایط بهینه و کمبود فسفر نیز عملکرد دانه و میزان کل فسفر جذب شده بالایی نشان دادند که می‌توان از این لاین‌ها برای معرفی ارقامی مطلوب با عملکرد بالا و فسفر-کارا در برنامه‌های به‌نژادی بهره جست. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شاخص‌های تحمل؛ عملکرد دانه؛ فسفر-کارا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of phosphorus deficiency stress tolerance in oilseed sunflower pure lines (Helianthus annuus L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Rasoulzadeh Aghdam1؛ Reza Darvishzadeh1؛ Ebrahim Sepehr2؛ Hadi Alipour1 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Phosphorus is one of the essential elements in plants. In calcareous soils, the amount of available phosphorus is very low due to high pH, excessive levels of calcium carbonate, lack of organic matters, and also the insolubility of phosphate minerals under such conditions. Since a large amount of phosphorus fertilizer is constantly applied to the calcareous soils of Iran, identification of genotypes with efficient phosphorus uptake may help farmers to manage the application of chemical fertilizers. Phosphorus uptake efficient genotypes can be identified using different indices including tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI; Fernandez, 1992), abiotic tolerance index (ATI; Moosavi et al., 2008), stress susceptibility index (SSI), drought index (DI), harmonic mean (HARM) and modified stress tolerance indices (kiSTI_K1S and K2STI; Naderi et al., 2008). This study was conducted to screen tolerant oilseed sunflower pure lines for phosphorus deficiency stress with higher and efficient phosphorus uptake to develop an improved genetic population for farmers’ usage. Materials & Methods Ninety-five oilseed sunflower pure lines were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications under both optimal and deficiency conditions of absorbable phosphorus at the Urmia University research field during the 2015-2016 cropping season. This experiment was conducted in 15 kg plastic pots. Soil phosphorus concentration in phosphorus deficiency treatment was 7.240 mg.kg-1 while under optimal condition, 0.4 g.kg-1 of triple superphosphate were added. Tolerance indices were calculated for the sunflower lines based on the grain yield under optimal and deficiency conditions of absorbable phosphorus. In order to find suitable indices for screening the tolerant lines, a simple correlation coefficient was performed between the calculated tolerance indices and grain yield under optimal and deficiency conditions of phosphorus. Principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between the tolerance indices and the studied genotypes and to select the most desirable and tolerant lines. Results & Discussion Results illustrated that phosphorus deficiency reduced the grain yield of all genotypes and mean grain yield in phosphorus deficiency conditions was 44.88% lower than that in optimal conditions which indicates the importance of phosphorus on sunflower grain yield. The result of correlation analysis revealed a highly significant correlation between HARM, MP, GMP, and STI indices with grain yield under optimal and deficiency conditions of phosphorus. Therefore, these indices could be considered as the most suitable indices for screening tolerant lines to phosphorus deficiency conditions which also showed higher grain yield under optimal and deficiency conditions of phosphorus. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first three components accounted for 94.5% of the total variation, with principal component (PC) 1 accounting for 63.1%, PC2 for 21.6% and PC3 for 9.8% of the total variation. The heatmap hierarchical clustering indicated that all the lines were clustered into three major groups, with cluster 1 (6 lines) being, in general, drought-tolerant followed by cluster 2 (29 lines) whereas, cluster 3 (60 lines) being drought-sensitive. The results of principal component and cluster analysis based on stress tolerance indices indicated that the lines 38, 94, and 95 not only showed higher tolerance in terms of tolerance indices but also they produced relatively high grain yield and had higher total phosphorus absorption values under both optimal and deficiency conditions of phosphorus, which indicated their uptake efficiency and efficient use of soil phosphorus. The results obtained from all the applied methods revealed that the lines 38 (Yp=72.23; Ys=54.37; TAPp=400.53; TAPs=106.40), 94 (Yp=70.60; Ys=34.73; TAPp=121.93; TAPs=44.00), and 95 (Yp=70.67; Ys=25.77; TAPp=36.53; TAPs=21.53) are the most desirable and tolerant ones. Therefore, these lines can be used in breeding programs to introduce new phosphorus efficient varieties with high grain yield. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Grain yield, Phosphorus-efficient, Tolerance indices | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abbas, M., Shah, J.A., Irfan, M., and Memon, M.Y. 2018. Remobilization and utilization of phosphorus in wheat cultivars under induced phosphorus deficiency. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 41(12): 1522-1533. Abel, S., Ticconi, C.A., and Delatorre, C.A. 2002. Phosphate sensing in higher plants. Physiologia plantarum, 115(1): 1-8. Akhtar, M.S., Oki, Y., and Adachi, T. 2009. Mobilization and acquisition of sparingly soluble P-sources by Brassica cultivars under P-starved environment I. Differential growth response, P-efficiency characteristics and P-remobilization. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 51(11): 1008-1023. Alavi, S.R., Darvishzadeh, R., Valizadeh, M., Moghadam, M., Farrokhi, E., Basirnia, A., and Pirzad, A. 2014. Evaluation of drought tolerance indices in various sunflowers cultivars (Helianthus annuus L.). Research in Field Crops, 2(1): 16-27. (In Persian with English Summary) Arnon, I. 1972. Crop production in dry region. Leonard Hill Publisher, London. Aziz, T., Lambers, H., Nicol, D., and Ryan, M.H. 2015. Mechanisms for tolerance of very high tissue phosphorus concentrations in Ptilotus polystachyus. Plant, Cell & Environment, 38(4): 790-799. Aziz, T., Steffens, D., Rahmatullah, S., and Schubert, S. 2011. Variation in phosphorus efficiency among brassica cultivars II: changes in root morphology and carboxylate exudation. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 34(14): 2127-2138. Biswas, B.K., Hasanuzzaman, M., Eltaj, F.M., Alam, S., and Amin, M. R. 2001. Simultaneous selection for fooder and grain yield in sorghum. Journal of Biological Sciences, 1: 321-323. Blum, A. 1988. Plant breeding for stress environments. CRC press. Boca Raton, FL. pp. 38-78. Bouslama, M., and Schapaugh, W.T. 1984. Stress tolerance in soybean. Part 1: evaluation of three screening techniques for heat and drought tolerance. Crop Science, 24: 933-937. Darvishzadeh, R., Soleimani Gezeljeh, A., Alipour, H., Ebrahimi, A., Bihamta, M.R., and Morsali, F. 2018. Selection of oily sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) drought tolerant lines using tolerance indices. Journal of Crop Breeding, 10(28): 133-144. (In Persian with English Summary) Farshadfar, E., Zamani, M.R., Matlabi, M., and Emam-Jome, E.E. 2001. Selection for drought resistance chickpea lines. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32: 65-77. Fernandez, G.C. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance pp, 257-270. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress. Taiwan, 13-16 Aug. Fischer, R.A., and Maurer, R. 1978. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. I. Grain yield responses. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 29: 897-912. Gavuzzi, P., Rizza, F., Palumbo, M., Campaline, R.G., Ricciardi, G.L., and Borghi, B. 1997. Evaluation of field and laboratory of drought and heat stress in winter cereals. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 77: 523-531. Gholinezhad, E., Darvishzadeh, R., and Bernousi, I. 2014. Evaluation of drought tolerance indices for selection of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus anuus L.) landraces under various environmental conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 42(1): 187-201. Gunes, A., and Inal, A. 2009. Phosphorus efficiency in sunflower cultivars and its relationships with phosphorus, calcium, iron, zinc and manganese nutrition. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 32(7): 1201-1218. Hawkesford, M., Horst, W., Kichey, T., Lambers, H., Schjoerring, J., Møller, I.S., and White, P. 2012. Functions of macronutrients. In Marschner's Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants (Third Edition) (pp. 135-189). Irfan, M., Abbas, M., Shah, J.A., Akram, M.A., Depar, N., and Memon, M.Y. 2019. Biomass and phosphorus accumulation, partitioning and remobilization during grain development in wheat under phosphorus deficiency. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 21: 351-358. Khalilzadeh, G.H., and Karbalai-Khiavi, H. 2002. Investigation of drought and heat stress on advanced lines of durum wheat. In Proc of the 7th Iranian Congress of Crop Sciences. Guilan, Iran (pp. 563-564). Lan, J. 1998. Comparison of evaluating methods for agronomic drought resistance in crops. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica, 7: 85-87. Mousavi, S.S., Yazdi, S.B., Naghavi, M.R., Zali, A.A., Dashti, H., and Pourshahbazi, A. 2008. Introduction of new indices to identify relative drought tolerance and resistance in wheat genotypes. Desert, 12: 165-178. Naderi, A., Magidi Heravan, A., Hashemi Dezfuli, A., Rezaei, A., and Noor Mohammadi, G. 2008. Envelopment analysis of indices for evaluating crop tolerance to environmental deficiencies and introduction of a new index. Seed and plant Improvement Journal, 15(4): 390-402. (In Persian with English Summary) Naeemi, M., Akbari, G.H.A., Shirani-Rad, A.H., Modares-Sanavi, S.A.M., Sadat-Nouri, S.A., and Jabari, H. 2008. Evaluation of drought tolerance in different canola cultivars based on stress evaluation indices in terminal growth duration. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 3: 83-98. Ozturk L., Eker, S., Torun, B., and Cakmak, I. 2005. Variation in phosphorus efficiency among 73 bread and durum wheat genotypes grown in a phosphorus-deficient calcareous soil. Plant and Soil, 269(1-2): 69-80. Pearse, S.J., Veneklaas, E.J., Cawthray, G.R., Bolland, M.D., and Lambers, H. 2006. Carboxylate release of wheat, canola and 11 grain legume species as affected by phosphorus status. Plant and Soil, 288(1): 127-139. Rosille, A.A., and Hambilin, J. 1981. Theoretical aspects of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environments. Crop Science, 21: 43-46. Rasoulzadeh Aghdam, M., Darvishzadeh, R., Sepehr, E., and Alipour, H. 2020. Evaluation of the Response of Oilseed Sunflower Pure Lines (Helianthus annuus L.) Under Phosphorus Deficiency Condition. Journal of Crop Breeding, 12(33): 202-214. (In Persian with English Summary) Safavi, A., Pourdad, S.S., and Moghaddam, M.J. 2011. Identification of drought resistant genotypes in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 2, 129-148. Safavi, S.M., Safavi, A.S., and Safavi, S.A. 2015. Evaluation of drought tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbred lines and synthetic varieties under non Stress and drought stress conditions. In Biological Forum, 7(1): 1849. Sepehr, E., Malakouti, M.J., Khold, B.B., Samadi, A., and Karimian, N. 2009. Genotypic variation in P efficiency of selected Iranian cereals in greenhouse experiment. International Journal of Plant Production, 3(3): 17-28. Shen, J., Li, H., Neumann, G., and Zhang, F. 2005. Nutrient uptake, cluster root formation and exudation of protons and citrate in Lupinus albus as affected by localized supply of phosphorus in a split-root system. Plant Science, 168(3): 837-845. Soares, E.B., Barros, A.P., Albuquerque, J.R.T.D., Santos, M.G.D., Lins, H.A., and Bezerra, F. 2020. Sunflower performance as a function of phosphate fertilization in semiarid conditions. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 42. Turner, N.C. 2003. Adaptation to drought: lessons from studies with chickpea. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 11–17. Upadhyaya, H.D., Yadav, D., Dronavalli, N., Gowda, C.L.L., and Singh, S. 2010. Mini core germplasm collections for infusing genetic diversity in plant breeding programs. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 1: 1294-1309. Veneklaas, E.J., Lambers, H., Bragg, J., Finnegan, P.M., Lovelock, C.E., Plaxton, W.C., Price, C.A., Scheible, W.R., Shane, M.W., White, P.J., and Raven, J.A. 2012. Opportunities for improving phosphorus‐use efficiency in crop plants. New phytologist, 195(2): 306-320. Westerman, R.L. 1990. Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. 3rd edition. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science of America, Madison, Wisconsin. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 752 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 280 |
||