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اثر NPK، بوتامیسول و اسید هیومیک بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و اسانس سه گونه مرزه (Satureja) تحت تنش خشکی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 38، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 111، فروردین 1401، صفحه 61-80 اصل مقاله (1.2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.356264.3073 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مهراب یادگاری* | ||
| دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی ادویه‌ای و عطری، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به نقش ارزنده گیاه مرزه (Satureja spp.) در صنایع داروسازی و غذایی کشور، سه آزمایش مجزا به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 1399-1400 در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرکرد به منظور بررسی اثر کودهای NPK، بوتامیسول و اسید هیومیک بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و اسانس سه گونه مرزه (S. mutica Fisch. & C. A. Mey.، S. bachtiarica Bunge و S. khuzistanica Jamzad) تحت شرایط تنش خشکی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل عدم استفاده (A1) و استفاده (A2) از کود NPK، عدم استفاده (B1) و استفاده (B2) از اسید هیومیک، عدم استفاده (C1) و استفاده (C2) از بوتامیسول و تنش خشکی در سه سطح ظرفیت مزرعه (D1)، 50% (D2) و 75% تخلیه رطوبتی (D3) بودند. تیمار A2B2C2D1، بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه (1.1±57.5 سانتی‌متر)، تعداد شاخه اصلی (7.1±23.4)، کلروفیل کل (0.02±1.55 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر) و اسانس (0.03±1.94%) را در S. bachtiarica و تیمار A1B1C1D3، بیشترین میزان پرولین (1.2±13.99 میکروگرم بر گرم ماده تر) و کمترین میزان اسانس (0.02±0.79%) را در S. mutica ایجاد نمود. از 11 ترکیب شناسایی شده اسانس، ترکیب‌های غالب اسانس در S. bachtiarica، پارا-سیمن و کارواکرول، در S. khuzistanica، کارواکرول و گاما-ترپینن و در S. mutica، پارا-سیمن و تیمول از دسته مونوترپن‌ها بودند. بهره‌مندی از مواد مغذی بهتر و تنش در حداقل ممکن به همراه آب و هوای معتدل منطقه مورد تحقیق، منجر به معرفی گونه S. bachtiarica به‌عنوان گونه شاخص شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پارا-سیمن؛ کارواکرول؛ مرزه بختیاری (Satureja bachtiarica Bunge)؛ مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of NPK, botamisol, and humic acid on morphophysiological traits and essential oil of three Satureja species under drought stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Yadegari | ||
| Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Spices and Aromatics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Due to the valuable role of savory (Satureja spp.) in pharmaceutical and food industries, three separate factorial experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in Islamic Azad University, Branch of Shahrekord in the 2021-2022 crop year to study the effects of NPK, butamisol, and humic acid fertilizers on the morphophysiological characteristics and essential oil of three savory species (S. bachtiarica Bunge, S. mutica Fisch. & C. A. Mey., and S. khuzistanica Jamzad) under drought stress conditions. Experimental treatments included non-use (A1) and use (A2) of NPK, non-use (B1) and use (B2) of humic acid, non-use (C1) and use (C2) of botamisol, and drought stress at three levels of field capacity (D1), and 50% (D2) and 75% (D3) moisture loss. The A2B2C2D1 treatment resulted in the highest plant height (57.5±1.1 cm), number of main branches (23.4±1.7), total chlorophyll (1.55±0.02 mg.g-1 FW), and essential oil content (1.94±0.03%) in S. bachtiarica. The highest proline (13.99±1.2 µg.g-1 FW) and lowest essential oil (0.79±0.02%) amounts was obtained in S. mutica in the A1B1C1D3 treatment. From the 11 essential oil compounds, monoterpenoids such as ρ-cymene and carvacrol in S. bachtiarica, carvacrol and ɣ-terpinene in S. khuzistanica, and ρ-cymene and thymol in S. mutica were identified as major essential oil constituents. Better nutrition and minimum stress with temperate climate of the region under study led to the introduction of S. bachtiarica as the best species. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| ρ-cymene, carvacrol, Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad | ||
| مراجع | ||
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