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تأثیر ورمی‌کمپوست بر میزان کوئرستین، الئوروپین و عناصر برگ زیتون (Olea europaea L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 38، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 111، فروردین 1401، صفحه 38-60 اصل مقاله (1.19 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.356461.3081 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معصومه لایق حقیقی* 1؛ بهلول عباس‌زاده2 | ||
| 1دکتری، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زیتون (Olea europaea L.) علاوه‌بر مصرف به‌عنوان یک ماده غذایی، یک درخت دارویی با ارزش نیز به حساب می‌آید. برگ زیتون، به‌عنوان یک اندام حاوی ماده مؤثره، در صنایع مختلف دارای ارزش فراوان می‌باشد. استفاده از عصاره برگ زیتون به‌عنوان یک آنتی‌اکسیدان طبیعی، از رایج‌ترین کاربردهای این گیاه می‌باشد. اولئوروپین مهم‌ترین ترکیب فنلی در گونه‌های زیتون است که نقش مهمی در سلامت دارد. اولئوروپین و کوئرستین به‌عنوان ترکیب‌های مؤثر در داروهای ضدسرطان، ضدویروس و ضدالتهاب بکار می‌روند. این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست (0، 1، 2، 3 و 4 تن در هکتار) بر صفات مورفولوژیک، عملکرد برگ و اولئوروپین، کوئرستین و عناصر ماکرو و میکرو عصاره برگ زیتون در شرایط مزرعه، در ایستگاه تحقیقات البرز، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، در دو سال و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار (9 درختچه در هر تکرار) انجام گرفت. درختچه‌ها (سه ساله) با فاصله 5 متر روی ردیف و 5 متر بین ردیف‌ها با عمق 50 سانتی‌مترکشت شدند. اثر ورمی‌کمپوست بر عملکرد برگ تر و خشک در هکتار ومیزان کوئرستین و الئوروپین برگ در هر دو سال معنی‌دار (در سطح احتمال 1%) بود. بالاترین عملکرد برگ خشک در هکتار در تیمار 4 تن ورمی‌کمپوست (سال اول 55.573 کیلوگرم و سال دوم 63.047 کیلوگرم) بدست آمد. میزان کوئرستین از 18.48 و 18.7 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم ماده خشک در تیمار شاهد (به‌ترتیب در سال‌های اول و دوم) به 34.67 و 37.7 میکروگرم بر میلی‌گرم ماده خشک در تیمار 4 تن ورمی‌کمپوست در هکتار (به‌ترتیب در سال‌های اول و دوم) رسید. همچنین استفاده از مقدار 2 تن ورمی‌کمپوست در هکتار منجر به افزایش الئوروپین برگ در هر دو سال شد. تیمارهای مختلف کود ورمی‌کمپوست موجب افزایش جذب اکثر عناصر ماکرو و میکرو ازجمله فسفر، کلسیم، منیزیم، آهن، منگنز، روی و مس در هر دو سال گردید. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از مقادیر مناسب ورمی‌کمپوست می‌توان نسبت به تولید گیاه با کوئرستین و الئوروپین بالا اقدام کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زیتون (Olea europaea L.)؛ ترکیب‌های فنلی؛ عناصر ماکرو؛ عناصر میکرو | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of vermicompost on amount of quercetin, oleuropein, and leaf elements | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Layeghhaghighi1؛ B. Abaszadeh2 | ||
| 1Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a valuable medicinal tree in addition to being used as a food. Olive leaf, as an organ containing active ingredients, is of great value in various industries. Use of olive leaves extract as a natural antioxidant is one of the most common applications of this plant. Oleuropein is the most important phenolic compound in olive species that plays an important role in health. Oleuropein and quercetin are used as effective compounds in anti-cancer, anti-virus, and anti-inflammatory drugs. To investigate the effects of vermicompost (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 tons per hectare) application on morphological traits, leaf yield, and oleuropein, quercetin, macro and micro elements of the olive leaf extract under field conditions, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications (nine shrubs in each replicate) at the Alborz Research Station, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands in two years. Three-year-old shrubs were planted at a distance of 5 m on the row and 5 m between the rows at a depth of 50 cm. Vermicompost affected fresh and dry leaf yield per hectare and quercetin and oleuropein amounts of the leaves significantly (at the level of 1% probability) in both years. The highest dry leaf yield per hectare was obtained in the 4 tons of vermicompost treatment (55.573 kg in the first year and 63.047 kg in the second one). The amount of quercetin increased from 18.48 and 18.7 µg.mg-1 dry matter in the control treatment (in the first and second years, respectively) to 34.67 and 37.7 µg.mg-1 dry matter in the 4 tons vermicompost per hectare treatment (in the first and second years, respectively). Also, the use of 2 tons of vermicompost per hectare increased the leaf oleuropein in both years. Different vermicompost treatments increased the uptake of most macro and micro elements including phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper in both years. The results showed that the appropriate amounts of vermicompostcould be used to produce a plant with high quercetin and oleuropein. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Olive (Olea europaea L.), phenolic compounds, macro elements, micro elements | ||
| مراجع | ||
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