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بررسی روابط بین صفات و ارزیابی پتانسیل تولید در منابع ژنتیکی باریک برگ علوفه ای بانک ژن گیاهی ملی | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 132، آبان 1400، صفحه 120-97 اصل مقاله (778.65 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2022.127455.1426 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد رضا عباسی* 1؛ مجیدرضا کیانی2؛ عبدالناصر مهدیپور3؛ صدیقه آناهید4؛ سید علیرضا بهشتی5 | ||
| 1مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی | ||
| 2مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی ، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی باغی | ||
| 3بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، | ||
| 4بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی | ||
| 5عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این تحقیق به منظور برآورد پتانسیل تولید علوفه در جنس‌های مختلف گیاهان علوفه‌ای باریک برگ و انتخاب نمونه‌های ژنتیکی برتر از نظر تولید علوفه و همچنین بررسی روابط بین عملکرد علوفه و سایر صفات با استفاده از تجزیه‌های چندمتغییره انجام شد. این بررسی به صورت دو آزمایش یکی برای گونه‌های یک‌ساله (15 توده) و دیگری برای گونه‌های چندساله (11 توده) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دو تکرار به مدت دو سال اجرا گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین نشان داد تنوع خوبی برای صفات مختلف به ویژه عملکرد علوفه در بین این گیاهان جهت معرفی وجود دارد. شاخص تفاضل نرمال‌شده پوشش گیاهی به عنوان یک برآورد کننده پتانسیل تولید علوفه در هر دو گروه یک و چندساله معرفی گردید. بطور کلی می توان بیان داشت که در یک‌ساله‌ها، ژرم‌پلاسم‌های 10TN00039 (Bromus diandrus)، 14TN00072 (Lolium rigidum )، 14TN00091 (L. rigidum) و در چندساله ژرم‌پلاسم‌های 12TN00012 ((Phalaris tuberosa و 13TN00016 (Festuca pratensis) به عنوان پر پتانسیل‌ترین منابع برای تولید علوفه مناسب هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| عملکرد علوفه؛ لولیوم؛ بروموس؛ فالاریس؛ فستوکا؛ داکتیلیس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Relationships among traits and evaluation of forage yield in the promising germplasms of Iranian gen bank forage grasses | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Reza Abbasi1؛ Majid Reza Kiani2؛ Abdolnaser Maaahdipour3؛ Sedigheh Anahid4؛ S. Alireza Beheshti5 | ||
| 1Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan-e Razavi,AREEO, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Ceneter of Khorasan-e Razavi | ||
| 3Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan-e Razavi | ||
| 4Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan-e Razavi | ||
| 5Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khorasan-e Razavi | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract Introduction: forage grasses included a large group of annuals and perennials belonged to Poaceae in Iran and all over the world. In the many countries, these crops are used as grazing, haylage, silage and cultivated in mixed cultures with forage legumes. However, there are little utilization of these forages in Iran, although use of these crops has been initiated in recent decade. A preliminary characterization on of 280 accessions of forage grasses has been done. The object of this study is the estimation of forage yield and survey the relationships among agro-morphological traits and forage yield. Finally, it tries to identify and proposed the superior germplasms for utilization based on multivariate analysis procedures. Materials and methods The research was conducted in two experiments, one for annuals (15 accessions), and the other for perennials (11 accessions) in a complete randomized block in two replicates in October in Mashhad. Annuals were planted in the second year too. Agro-morphological traits were evaluated according to standard descriptors. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, comparison of mean, correlations, factor analysis and cluster analysis. Results Annuals: ANOVA showed significant differences for dry forage yield within accessions. Accessions 10TN00039, 14TN00072, and 14TN00091 as well as Broms diandrus showed the highest dray forage yield based on Duncan analysis. Whereas, all genus located in the same rank for this trait. Correlation analysis showed a positive significant relationship between dry forage yield with plant height and growth. Factor analysis indicated that 82.2% of community variance was explained by four first factors. Accessions with high forage production and low susceptibility to lodging were identified by produced bi-plot of factors 1 and 2. Cluster analysis grouped the materials in to 4 groups. Perennials: ANOVA showed significant differences for dry forage yield. Accession 12TN00012, species Phalaris tuberosa، Lolium persicum, and Festuca pratensis, and genus Phalaris showed the highest dray forage yield based on Duncan analysis. Correlation analysis showed a positive significant relationship between dry forage yield with NDVI and leaf area. Factor analysis indicated that 82.4% of community variance was explained by four first factors. Accessions with high forage production re-growth rate were identified by produced bi-plot of factors 1 and 2. Cluster analysis grouped the materials in to 3 groups. Discussion The superior germplasms (high yielding) were proposed in both groups of annuals and perennials. In the annuals, the plant height can be used as estimator trait for forage yield; it can be proposed in the first cut for the perennials. However, NDVI can be used for this purpose in the both. Resulting bi-plot confirmed the comparison of means, however it showed other aspects of the germplasms that could not be identify by comparison of means. This finding is proposed to select superior accessions for utilization. Ultimately, the superior germplasms were proposed as following: in the annuals: 10TN00039(Bromus diandrus), 14TN00072 (Lolium rigidum), and 14TN0009 (L. rigidum); in the perennials: 12TN00012 (Phalaristuberosa) and 13TN00016 (Festuca pratensis). Key words: Forage yield, Lolium, Bromus, Phalaris, Festuca, Dactylis | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Forage yield, Lolium, Bromus, Phalaris, Festuca, Dactylis | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Abbasi, M. 2013. Characterization of forage yield potential and morphophenological traits in genetic resources of several forage grasses. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research, 21(2): 270-281. Abbasi, M., Hassanzadeh, A., Mahdipour, A., Anahid, S., and Safari, S. 2019. Forage yield in some Iranian wild Trifolium genetic resources under different climatic and irrigation conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 21(4): 993-1004. Abbasi, M.R., Hosseini, S., and Pourakbar, L. 2017. Coumarin variation in Iranian biennial Melilotus genetic resources and its relationship with agro-morphophenological traits. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 20(2): 89-98. Abbasi, M.R., Hosseini, S., and Pourakbar, L. 2018. Differential response to salt stress within and among Iranian Melilotus species. Communications in soil science and plant analysis, 49(2): 248-267. Abbasi, M.R., Mozaffari, J., Pourpeygambar, J., and Sharifan, F. 2009. Regeneration and agro-morphological evaluation of forage grasses genetic resources held by National Plant Gene Bank of Iran. Farvast: 88/104-88/10/6 Abbasi, M.R., Taherioun, G., and Vaezi-kakhki, M.R. 2019. Cold-tolerant germplasm identified in annual medics (Medicago spp.) collection of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran. Journal of Crop Improvement, 33(2): 223-235. Ameri, A.A., and Jafari, A.A. 2016. Effects of mixed and row intercropping on yield and quality traits of alfalfa and three grass dpecies in rainfed areas of Northern Khorasan, Iran. Journal of Rangeland Science, 6(4): 377-387. Arzani, H., Zohdi, M., Fish, E., Zahedi Amiri, G., Nikkhah, A., and Wester, D. 2004. Phenological effects on forage quality of five grass species. Journal of Range management, 57(6): 624-629. Barrière, Y., Guillet, C., Goffner, D., and Pichon, M. 2003. Genetic variation and breeding strategies for improved cell wall digestibility in annual forage crops. A review. Animal Research, 52(3): 193-228. Gallo, A., Moschini, M., Cerioli, C. and Masoero, F., 2013. Use of principal component analysis to classify forages and predict their calculated energy content. Animal, 7(6), pp.930-939. Casler, M., Vogel, K.P., Balasko, J., Berdahl, J., Miller, D., Hansen, J., and Fritz, J. 2000. Genetic progress from 50 years of smooth bromegrass breeding. Crop science, 40(1): 13-22. Chikuta, S., Odong, T., Kabi, F., and Rubaihayo, P., 2015. Phenotypic diversity of selected dual purpose forage and grain sorghum genotypes. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, pp.1-9. Christie, B., and McElroy, A. 1995. Orchardgrass, In: Vol. I: An introduction to grassland agriculture. (5th ed.). Iowa Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames. Clayton, W. 1983. Tropical grasses. In J. McIvor, and R. Bray (Eds.), Genetic resources of forage plants, Vol. 39: pp. 39-46: CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia. IPGRI. 1985. Forage grases descriptors. Rome, Italy. Jafari, A., and Naseri, H. 2007. Genetic variation and correlation among yield and quality traits in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.). The Journal of Agricultural Science, 145(6): 599-610. Knight, R. 1983. Mediterranean and temperate grasses: CSIRO, Australia. . Kölliker, R., Stadelmann, F., Reidy, B., and Nösberger, J. 1999. Genetic variability of forage grass cultivars: A comparison of Festuca pratensis Huds., Lolium perenne L., and Dactylis glomerata L. Euphytica, 106(3): 261-270. Majidi, M.M., Araghi, B., Barati, M., and Mirlohi, A. 2015. Polycross genetic analysis of forage yield and related traits in Dactylis glomerata. Crop Science, 55(1): 203-210. Majidi, M.M., Mirlohi, A., and Amini, F. 2009. Genetic variation, heritability and correlations of agro-morphological traits in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Euphytica, 167(3): 323-331. Pettorelli, N. 2013. The normalized difference vegetation index: Oxford University Press. Rechinger, K. 1970. Flora Iranica. Austria: Akad-emische Druk- und Verlagsansalalt-Graz. Saeidnia, F., Majidi, M.M., Mirlohi, A., and Shahidaval, S. 2016. Selection for productivity, persistence and drought tolerance in orchardgrass. Euphytica, 212(1): 111-130. Veronesi, F., and Falcinelli, M. 1988. Evaluation of an Italian germplasms collection of Festuca arundinacea Schreb. through a multivariate analysis. Euphytica, 38: 211-220 Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M. 1992 The grass genera of the world: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval; including synonyms, morphology, anatomy, physiology, phytochemistry, cytology, classification, pathogens, world and local distribution, and references , Version: 25th November 2008
Assessment of relationships among traits and evaluation of forage yield potential in the narrow-leaf genetic resources of forage grasses of the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran | ||
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