Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients in crop production, but its efficiency in urea fertilizer is low, especially in paddy fields. Nitrogen yield can be increased by reducing the dissolution of urea in the soil. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of polymer-coated urea fertilizer on growth and yield of rice cv.Tarom Hashemi. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in two locations. Experimental treatments included T0: control, T1: two splits of ordinary urea (OU), T2: coated urea (CU), T3: OU (30%)+CU (70%)(use after transplanting) and T4: OU (30%)+CU (70%). CU was used at the time of transplanting and OU at heading. The results showed that the location effect was significant only on tiller number and head number/heap. However, the type of urea fertilizer and application method significantly affected tiller number, head number, plant height, grain number, straw yield, grain yield, Harvest Index, and N recovery. Average of the maximum numbers of tillers (24.5) and heads (20.33) in T3 treatment in the two sites showed, respectively, 52% and 47.5% increase compared to the control treatment. Average grain yields in T3 treatment in the two fields were 43.1%, 17%, 18.1%, and 18.1% higher than, respectively, the control treatments, T1, T2, and T4. For Tarom Hashemi cultivar, while application of polymer CU mixed with OU was effective in increasing nitrogen recycling and reducing its losses in both places, the effectiveness of this treatment in the field with loamy sand soil was more. Therefore, this can be the most appropriate method of fertilizer application in these soils. |
- Ahmed, H. M. and G. Sarwar. 2012. Genetic variability and interdependence of morphological traits in castorbean (Ricinus communis L) mutants. Songklanakarin Journal of Science & Technology 34(3).
- Ali Abbasi, H. R., M. Kavousi, M. Esfehany and B. Rabiei. 2010. Effects of Split Application and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on N-use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L. Cv. Khazar). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science 40(4): 1-11.
- Blackshaw, R., X. Hao, R. Brandt, G. Clayton, K. Harker, J. O'Donovan, E. Johnson and C. Vera. 2011. Canola response to ESN and urea in a four-year no-till cropping system. Agronomy Journal 103(1): 92-99.
- Bortoletto-Santos, R., G. G. F. Guimarães, V. Roncato, D. F. d. Cruz, W. L. Polito and C. Ribeiro. 2019. Biodegradable oil-based polymeric coatings on urea fertilizer: N release kinetic transformations of urea in soil. Scientia Agricola 77(1).
- Choudhury, A. and I. Kennedy. 2005. Nitrogen fertilizer losses from rice soils and control of environmental pollution problems. Communications in soil science and plant analysis 36(11-12): 1625-1639.
- Choudhury, A. and Y. Khanif. 2004. Effects of Nitrogen and Copper Fertilization on Rice Yield and Fertil-Izer Nitrogen Efficiency: A. Dr. Anwarul Haq 47(1): 50-55.
- Davoodi, M. H., N. Davatgar, B. Amiri Larijani, F. Moshiri and M. M. Tehrani. 2014. Integrated soil fertility management and rice nutrition guidelines. Soil and Water Research Institute. (In Persian).
- Fageria, N. and M. Carvalho. 2014. Comparison of conventional and polymer coated urea as nitrogen sources for lowland rice production. Journal of plant nutrition 37(8): 1358-1371.
- Gee, G. W. and J. W. Bauder. 1986. Particle-size analysis 1, Soil Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy.
- Glibert, P. M., J. Harrison, C. Heil and S. Seitzinger. 2006. Escalating worldwide use of urea–a global change contributing to coastal eutrophication. Biogeochemistry 77(3): 441-463.
- Haile, D., D. Nigussie and A. Ayana. 2012. Nitrogen use efficiency of bread wheat: Effects of nitrogen rate and time of application. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition 12(3): 389-410.
- Kiran, J., Y. Khanif, H. Amminuddin and A. Anuar. 2010. Effects of controlled release urea on the yield and nitrogen nutrition of flooded rice. Communications in soil science and plant analysis 41(7): 811-819.
- Li, Q., S. Wu, T. Ru, L. Wang, G. Xing and J. Wang. 2012. Synthesis and performance of polyurethane coated urea as slow/controlled release fertilizer. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 27(1): 126-129.
- Liu, G., L. Zotarelli, Y. Li, D. Dinkins, Q. Wang and M. Ozores-Hampton. 2014. Controlled-release and slow-release fertilizers as nutrient management tools. USA: US Department of Agriculture, UF/IFAS Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS
- Mahboob Khomami, A., R. Kasraee, M. Moghaddam and M. Kavousi. 2004. The effect of urea, urea with sulfur coating and their application on grain yield, yield and nitrogen recovery in rice, variety Nemat. Agricultural Science 14(4): 107-114. (In Persian with English Abstract).
- Mohammadi, L., S. Reezi, A. Mohammadkhani and R. Barzegar. 2018. Effect of slow-release fertilizer and humic acid application on New Guinea impatiens (Impatiens haawkeri “Divine Scarlet Red”) transplant production quality. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions 9(1): 13-23. (In Persian with English Abstract).
- Mohammadian, M., A. R. Astaraie, A. Lakzian, H. Emami and M. Kavoosi. 2019. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer source on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Shiroudi. Iranian Society of Crops and Plant Breeding Sciences 21(1): 82-95. (In Persian with English Abstract).
- Moletti, M., M. Giudici, B. Villa and G. Fiore. 1992. [Best cultural technique for Patna rice. Performance of six varieties cultivated in water and filled in sowing at different nitrogen doses [Lombardy]].[Italian]. Informatore Agrario.
- Morgan, K. T., K. E. Cushman and S. Sato. 2009. Release mechanisms for slow-and controlled-release fertilizers and strategies for their use in vegetable production. HortTechnology 19(1): 10-12.
- Moro, B. M., I. R. Nuhu, E. Ato and B. Nathanial. 2015. Effect of nitrogen rates on the growth and yield of three rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in rain-fed lowland in the forest agro-ecological zone of Ghana. International Lournal of Agricultural Science 5(7): 878-885.
- Russo, S. 1996. Rice yield as affected by the split method of N application and nitrification inhibitor DCD. Cahiers Options Mediterraneennes 15: 43-53.
- Shaviv, A. 2001. Advances in controlled-release fertilizers.
- Shokri Vahed, H., N. Davatgar, M. Kavoosi and S. Babazadeh. 2018. Evaluation of Rice Plant Response to Nitrogen, Phosphours and Potassium Based on Site-Specific Nutrient Management (SSNM). Journal Of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 28(1): 235-248. (In Persian with English Abstract).
- Singh, S., S. Shukla and H. Yadav. 2004. Genetic studies and their implication to breed desired plant type in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). Genetika 36(1): 69-81.
- Sparks, D., A. Page, P. Helmke, R. Loeppert, P. Soltanpour, M. Tabatabai, C. Johnston and M. Sumner. 1996. Methods of soil analysis, Parts 2 and 3. Chemical analysis. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI.
- Vyas, B., N. Godrej and K. Mistry. 1991. Development and evaluation of neem extract as a coating for urea fertilizer. Fertiliser News 36(2): 19-21.
- Wang, S., X. Zhao, G. Xing, Y. Yang, M. Zhang and H. Chen. 2015. Improving grain yield and reducing N loss using polymer-coated urea in southeast China. Agronomy for sustainable development 35(3): 1103-1115.
- Woyema, A., G. Bultosa and A. Taa. 2012. Effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield related traits for seven durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var Durum) cultivars grown at Sinana, South Eastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 12(3): 6079-6094.
- Yang, Y.-c., M. Zhang, Y. Li, X.-h. Fan and Y.-q. Geng. 2012. Improving the quality of polymer-coated urea with recycled plastic, proper additives, and large tablets. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 60(45): 11229-11237.
|