- Abedpour, A., Jalali, S. M. A. and Kheiri, F. (2017). Effect of vegetable oil source and l-carnitine supplements on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood biochemical parameters of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 7: 147-153.
- Adili, R., Hawley, M. and Holinstat, M. (2018). Regulation of platelet function and thrombosis by omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Prostaglandins and other lipid mediators, 139: 10-18.
- Alagawany, M., Farag, M. R., Dhama, K. and Patra, A. (2018). Nutritional significance and health benefits of designer eggs. World's Poultry Science Journal, 74: 317-330.
- Al-Daraji, H. and Tahir, A. (2014). Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on drake semen quality. South African Journal of Animal Science, 44: 18-25.
- Arslan, C. M. and Saatci, M. (2006). Effects of L-carnitine administration on growth performance, carcass traits, blood serum parameters and abdominal fatty acid composition of ducks Arch. Journal of animal nutrition, 57: 381-38.
- Aydin, R. and Dogan, I. (2010). Fatty acid profile and cholesterol content of egg yolk from chickens fed diets supplemented with purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90: 1759-1763.
- Begli, H. E., Zerehdaran, S., Hassani, S., Abbasi, M. and Ahmadi, A. K. (2010). Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of egg quality traits in Iranian native fowl. Journal of British Poultry Science, 51: 740-744.
- Berenjian, A., Sharifi, S. D., MohammadiSangcheshmeh, A. and Bakhtiarizadeh, M. R. (2020). Omega-3 fatty acids reduce the negative effects of dexamethasone-induced physiological stress in laying hens by acting through the nutrient digestibility and gut morphometry. Journal of Poultry Science. In Press.
- Broughton, K. S., Rule, D. C., Ye, Y., Zhang, X., Driscoll, M., and Culver, B. (2009). Dietary omega-3 fatty acids differentially influence ova release and ovarian cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in rats. Journal of Nutrition research, 29: 197-205 .
- Bottje, W., Tang, Z.X., Iqbal, M., Cawthon, D., Okimoto, R., Wing, T. and Cooper, M. (2002) Association of mitochondrial function with feed efficiency within a single genetic line of male broilers. Poultry Science Journal, 81: 546–555.
- Bozkurt, M., Cabuk, M. and Alçiçek, A. (2008). Effect of dietary fat type on broiler breeder performance and hatching egg characteristics. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 17: 47-53.
- Buyse, J., Janssens, G. and Decuypere, E. (2001). The effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on the performance, organ weights and circulating hormone and metabolite concentrations of broiler chickens reared under a normal or low temperature schedule. British poultry science Journal, 42: 230-241.
- Buyse, J., Quirine, Q., Niewold, T.A., Klasing, K.C., Janssens G.P.J., Baumgartner, M. and Goddeeris, M. (2007). Dietary L-carnitine supplementation enhances the lipopolysaccharide-induced acute phase protein response in broiler chickens. Journal of Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 118: 154-159.
- Carrillo-Dominguez, S., Carranco-Jauregui, M., Castillo-Dominguez, R., Castro-Gonzalez, M., Avila-Gonzalez, E. and Perez-Gil, F. (2005). Cholesterol and n-3 and n-6 fatty acid content in eggs from laying hens fed with red crab meal (Pleuroncodes planipes). Poultry science Journal, 84: 167-172.
- Chien, D., Dean, D., Saha, A. K., Flatt, J. and Ruderman, N. B. (2000). Malonyl-CoA content and fatty acid oxidation in rat muscle and liver in vivo. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology And Metabolism, 279: 259-265.
- Ebeid, T., Eid, Y., Saleh, A. and El-Hamid, A. (2008). Ovarian follicular development, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative status and immune response in laying hens fed fish oil - supplemented diets to produce n-3-enriched eggs. Journal of animal bioscience, 2: 84-88.
- Eilati, E., Hales, K., Zhuge, Y., Fricano, K. A., Yu, R., van Breemen, R. B. and Hales, D. B. (2013). Flaxseed enriched diet mediated reduction in ovarian cancer severity is correlated to the reduction of prostaglandin E2 in laying hen ovaries. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. Published by Elsevier, 894: 179-187.
- Eilati, E., Small, C. C., McGee, S. R., Kurrey, N. K. and Hales, D. B. (2013). Anti inflammatory effects of fish oil in ovaries of laying hens target prostaglandin pathways. Lipids in health and disease, 12: 1-12.
- Geng, A., Guo, Y. and Yuan, J. (2004). Effects of dietary L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on performance and ascites mortality of broilers. Journal Archives of Animal Nutrition, 58: 473-482.
- Ghanei, E., Zeinali, J., Borghei, M. and Homayouni, M. (2012). Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 14: 515.
- Gonzalez-Esquerra, R. and Leeson, S. (2000). Effect of feeding hens regular or deodorized menhaden oil on production parameters, yolk fatty acid profile, and sensory quality of eggs. Poultry science Journal, 79: 1597-1602.
- Guo, Y., Chen, S., Xia, Z. and Yuan, J. (2004). Effects of different types of polyunsaturated Fatty acids on immune function and PGE2 synthesis by peripheral blood leukocytes of laying hens. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 116: 249-258.
- Hassan, M.S.H., Youssef S.F. and El-bahy Nadia, A. (2011). Effects of L-Carnitine and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation on Productive, Reproductive, Physiological and Immunological Performance of Golden Montazah. Egypt. Poultry Science Journal, 31: 557-578.
- Kazemi-Fard, M., Yousefi, S., Dirandeh, E. and Rezaei, M. (2015). Effect of different levels of L-carnitine on the productive performance, egg quality, blood parameters and egg Yolk cholesterol in laying hens. Poultry Science Journal, 3: 105-111.
- Kidd, M., Gerard, P., Heger, J., Kerr, B., Rowe, D., Sistani, K. and Burnham, D. (2001). Threonine and crude protein responses in broiler chicks. Journal of Animal Feed Science and Technology, 94: 57-64.
- Kim, S. O., Harris, S. M. and Duffy, D. M. (2014). Prostaglandin E2 (EP) receptors mediate PGE2 specific events in ovulation and luteinization within primate ovarian follicles. Journal of Endocrinology, 155: 1466-1475.
- Kogut, M.H. (2009) Impact of nutrition on the innate immune response to infection in poultry. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 18: 111-124.
- Metcalfe, L., Schmitz, A. and Pelka, J. (1966). Rapid preparation of fatty acid esters from lipids for gas chromatographic analysis. Journal Analytical chemistry, 38: 514-515.
- nameni, F. and nuranipilehrud, M. (2019). Comparing the Effects of Curcumin Supplementation and that of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Catalase and Glutathione Reductase after Acute Exercise. Complementary Medicine Journal, 8: 3517-3530.
- Omidi, M., Rahimi, S. and Torshizi, K. (2015). Modification of egg yolk fatty acids profile by using different oil sources. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 6: 137-143.
- Parmentier, H. K., Nieuwland, M., Barwegen, M. W., Kwakkel, R. P. and Schrama, W. (1997). Dietary unsaturated fatty acids affect antibody responses and growth of chickens divergently selected for humoral responses to sheep red blood cells. Poultry Science Journal, 76: 1164-1171.
- Peebles, E., Kidd, M., McDaniel, C., Tanksley, J., Parker, H., Corzo, A. and Woodworth, J. (2007). Effects of breeder hen age and dietary L-carnitine on progeny embryogenesis. British Journal of poultry science, 48: 299-307.
- Polat, R., Tarhan, S., Cetin, M. and Atay, U. (2007). Mechanical behaviour under compression loading and some physical parameters of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 2: 50-52.
- Rabie, M. H., SziláGyi, M. and Gippert, T. (1997). Effects of dietary L-carnitine on the Performance and egg quality of laying hens from 65-73 weeks of age. British Journal of Nutrition, 78: 615-623.
- Roy, J., Mercier, Y., Tonnet, L., Burel, C., Lanuque, A., Surget, A. and Skiba, S. (2020). Rainbow trout prefer diets rich in omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids DHA and EPA. Physiology and behavior, 213: 112-692.
- Sakomura, N. K., Reis, M. D. P., Ferreira, N. T. and Gous, R. M. (2019). Modeling egg production as a means of optimizing dietary nutrient contents for laying hens. Animal Frontiers Journal, 9: 45-51.
- Shafey, T. M., Al-Batshan, H. A. and Farhan, A. M. (2015). The effect of dietary flaxseed meal on liver and egg yolk fatty acid profiles, immune response and antioxidant status of laying hens. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 14: 3-39.
- Suchý, P., Strakova, E. and Vitula, F. (2008). The effect of a diet supplemented with L-carnitine on egg production in pheasant Phasianus colchicus. Czech. Journal of animal Science, 53: 31-35.
- Suresh, D. and Srinivasan, K. (2007). Studies on the in vitro absorption of spice principles curcumin, capsaicin and piperine in rat intestines. Journal of Food and chemical toxicology, 45: 1437-1442.
- Takahashi, K., Kitano, A. and Akiba, Y. (2010). Effect of L-carnitine on proliferative response and mRNA expression of some of its associated factors in splenic mononuclear cells of male broiler chicks. journal of Animal Science, 81: 215-222.
- Tscheuschner, H. D. and Mohsenin, N. N. (1987). Physical Properties of Plant and Animal Materials. Structure, Physical Characteristics and Mechanical Properties. Aufl. 2: 891-896.
- Wang, D., Buchanan, F. G., Wang, H., Dey, S. K. and DuBois, R. N. (2005). Prostaglandin E2 enhances intestinal adenoma growth via activation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Journal of Cancer research, 65: 1822-1829.
- Wu, Y., Li, L., Wen, Z., Yan, H., Yang, P., Tang, J. and Hou, S. (2018). Dual functions of eicosapentaenoic acid-rich microalgae enrichment of yolk with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and partial replacement for soybean meal in diet of laying hens. Poultry Science Journal, 98: 350-357.
- Zolfaghari, H., Jafarian, K., Iraj, B. and Askari, G. (2014). The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Prevention and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Journal of Isfahan Medical School, 32: 1-13.
- Zotte, A. D., Andrighetto, I., Giaccone, V. and Marchesini, G. (2015). Dietary enrichment of n-3 PUFA for laying hens and effect of different sources on production, composition and quality of eggs. Journal of Animal Science, 33: 411-424.
|