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بیوپرایم بذر با باکتری Bacillus Velezensis UTB96 جهت کنترل بیمارگر قارچی پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه (Fusarium pseudograminearum) و بهبود برخی از شاخص‌های رشدی گندم | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 24، آذر 1400، صفحه 85-102 اصل مقاله (491.71 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2021.352932.1377 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن ساسانی1؛ مسعود احمدزاده* 2؛ محمدرضا جهانسوز3؛ ثریا نوید4 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2هیئت علمی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3استاد/ گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاوززی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران. | ||
| 4گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه گندم از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌هایی است که توسط گونه‌های قارچ فوزاریوم ایجاد می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بیوپرایم بذر با جدایه باکتری Bacillus Velezensis UTB96 جهت کنترل بیمارگر قارچی پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه و بهبود شاخص‌های رشدی گندم، در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه‌ای در سال 1398 انجام شد. اثر بازدارندگی باکتری بر رشد بیمارگر قارچی در شرایط آزمایشگاه در آزمون کشت متقابل، متابولیت‌های فرار و عصاره باکتری به‌ترتیب 60،50 و 30 درصد بود. جدایه باکتریایی توانایی تولید آنزیم‌های بیوکنترلی، متابولیت‌ها و هورمون‌های محرک رشدی نظیر اکسین، سیدروفور و آنزیم ACC deaminase را داشت. در آزمایشگاه، ضدعفونی بذر گندم قبل از پرایم، تأثیر به‌سزایی بر افزایش کارایی تکنیک بیوپرایم با باکتری داشت، زیرا که در بذرهای گندم ضدعفونی نشده، باکتری در کاهش قارچ بیمارگر نقشی نداشت. به‌ترتیب محلول بیواسموپرایم، اسموپرایم و هالوپرایم بیشترین تأثیر را در کنترل قارچ بیمارگر و بهبود شاخص‌های رشدی گندم (درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول و وزن خشک اندام‌های ریشه و ساقه)، در شرایط گلخانه داشتند. محلول پودر تالک و صمغ اگرچه در بذور جوانه زده باعث کاهش بیماری قارچی پوسیدگی ریشه و طوقه شد، ولی درصد جوانه‌زنی بذرهای گندم در این تیمار کاهش یافت. ترکیب پودر تالک + صمغ زانتان با باکتری، باعث بهبود صفات مذکور شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسموپرایم؛ بیوکنترل؛ درصد جوانه‌زنی؛ هالوپرایم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Bioprimee of seed with Bacillus Velezensis UTB96 to control the fungal pathogen of root and crown rot (Fusarium pseudograminearum) and improving some growth indicators of wheat | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| mohsen sasani1؛ Masoud Ahmadzadeh2؛ M.R. Jahansuz3؛ sorayya navid4 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, University college of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, University college of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Professor/ Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Univ. of Tehran. | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University college of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Root and crown rot of wheat is one of the most important diseases that caused by Fusarium species. The present study was conducted with the aim of seed Bioprime with bacteria to control fungal pathogens of root and crown rot and improving some growth indicators of wheat in laboratory and greenhouse conditions in 2019. The Effect of bacterial inhibition on fungal pathogen growth in vitro and in cross-culture test, metabolites and bacterial extracts were 60, 50 and 30 percent respectively. Bacterial isolates were able to produce biocontrol enzymes, metabolites and hormones of growth promoting such as auxin, siderophore, and ACC deaminase. In vitro, infection of wheat seeds before priming had a beneficial effect on increasing the efficiency of bioprime technique with bacteria, because in uninfected wheat seeds, bacteria did not play a role in reducing pathogenic fungi. Bioesmoprim, osmoprime and halloprime had the most impact in controlling the pathogenic fungus and improving the growth indices of wheat (germination percent, length and weight of root and stem) in greenhouse conditions, respectively. Although Talc powder and gum in germinated seeds reduced the fungal disease of root and crown rot, but seed germination percentage of wheat seeds were reduced, too. The combination of talc powder + xanthan gum with bacteria improved the mentioned traits. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Bio control, germination percentage, halloprime, osmoprime | ||
| مراجع | ||
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