| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,036 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,970 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,519,354 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 72,751,757 |
بررسی پارامترهای ژنتیکی و ارتباط بین صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکردی چغندرقند تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش شوری | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 36، شماره 2، مهر 1399، صفحه 139-154 اصل مقاله (1.52 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2021.356021.1289 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالمجید خورشید1؛ اباذر رجبی* 2؛ علی اکبر اسدی3؛ حیدر عزیزی1؛ بابک بابائی4 | ||
| 1استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجانغربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات ،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور تعیین پارامترهای ژنتیکی و وراثت‌پذیری صفات مختلف چغندرقند و تجزیه ارتباط صفات، ژنوتیپ‌های فول‌سیب (تمامخواهری) و هیبرید در آزمایش‌های جداگانه در سال زراعی 1396 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندوآب در دو شرایط شوری و نرمال، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. در آزمایش فول‌سیب‌ها در شرایط شوری، صفات عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد قند خالص و ناخالص، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، وزن خشک ریشه و نسبت وزن ریشه به اندام هوایی و در شرایط نرمال صفات عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد قند، نسبت وزن ریشه به اندام هوایی و وزن ویژه برگ واریانس ژنتیکی بیشتری نسبت به واریانس محیطی داشتند و درنتیجه دارای وراثت‌پذیری عمومی بالاتری نیز بودند. در آزمایش هیبریدها در شرایط شوری برای صفات عملکرد قند خالص، میزان پتاسیم، نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم، میزان نیتروژن و سطح برگ و در شرایط نرمال برای صفات عملکرد ریشه، میزان سدیم، نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم و میزان نیتروژن، واریانس ژنتیکی بالا بود و در نتیجه وراثت‌پذیری عمومی بالای 0/5 مشاهده شد؛ بدین ترتیب، در برنامه‌های اصلاحی و گزینشی می‌توان این صفات را مدنظر قرار داد. در شرایط شوری، دامنه تغییرات وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی از 0/16 تا 0/66 متغیر بود. بیشترین میزان وراثت‌پذیری به ترتیب مربوط به قند ملاس با 0/66، میزان نیتروژن با 0/43، عملکرد قند با 0/38 و محتوای نسبی آب برگ با 0/38 بود؛ بنابراین، این صفات تا حدودی توسط اثرات افزایشی ژن‌ها کنترل‌شده و می‌توان در برنامه‌های اصلاحی از درجات مختلف گزینش برای آنها استفاده کرد. در شرایط نرمال، دامنه تغییرات وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی از 0/10 تا 0/29 متغیر بود و صفت محتوای نسبی آب برگ با 0/29 بیشترین میزان وراثت‌پذیری را نشان داد. در تنش شوری، وراثت‌پذیری عملکرد ریشه و عملکرد قند در حد متوسط بود؛ بنابراین، در اصلاح عملکرد ریشه می‌توان از گزینش در نسل‌های متمادی و انتهایی و همچنین تولید هیبرید استفاده کرد. نتایج تجزیه رگرسیون و علیت نشان داد که در شرایط نرمال و شوری، وقتی عملکرد ریشه به‌عنوان متغیر تابع در نظر گرفته شد، صفات وزن ویژه برگ، سطح برگ و محتوای آب نسبی برگ تغییرات موجود را توجیه کردند و از بین آنها سطح برگ دارای بیشترین اثر مثبت و مستقیم بر عملکرد ریشه بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| چغندرقند؛ شوری؛ واریانس ژنتیکی؛ وراثت‌پذیری عمومی و خصوصی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of genetic parameters and relationships between physiological and yield traits of sugar beet under normal and salinity stress condition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Abdolmajid Khorshid1؛ Abazar Rajabi2؛ Ali Akbar Asasdi3؛ Heydar Azizi1؛ Babak Babaee4 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbayjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARREO). Urmia, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to determine the genetic parameters and heritability of different traits of sugar beet and also the relationship between traits, full-sib and hybrid genotypes were evaluated in separate trials at Miandoab Agricultural Research Station under salinity and normal conditions in 2017. In full-sib trial performed under salinity condition, root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield, leaf relative water content, root dry weight, and root/shoot ratio, and under normal condition, root yield, sugar yield, root/shoot ratio and specific leaf weight had higher genetic variance than environmental variance and consequently had higher broad-sense heritability. In hybrid trial performed under salinity condition, for white sugar yield, potassium content, potassium/sodium ratio, nitrogen content, and leaf area, and under normal condition, for root yield, sodium content, potassium/sodium ratio and nitrogen content, genetic variance was high and as a result, broad-sense heritability was above 0.5. Therefore, these traits can be considered in breeding and selection programs. Under salinity condition, the narrow-sense heritability ranged from 0.16 to 0.66. The highest narrow-sense heritability was related to molasses sugar with 0.66, nitrogen content with 0.43, sugar yield with 0.38 and leaf relative water content with 0.38, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that these traits are partially controlled by additive effects and can be used for selection of different degrees. Under normal condition, the narrow-sense heritability ranged from 0.01 to 0.29 and the relative water content with 0.29 showed the highest heritability. Under salinity stress, heritability of root yield and sugar yield was moderate; so yield could be improved by long-term selection and hybrid production. The results of regression and path analysis showed that under salinity and normal conditions, when the root yield was considered as dependent variable, specific leaf weight, leaf area, and relative water content explained the variation among which the leaf area had the highest positive direct effect on root yield. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Salinity, Broad and Narrow-sense heritability, Genetic variance | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdollahian Noghabi M, Radaei Al-Amoli Z, Akbari GA, Sadat Nuri SA. Effect of sever water stress on morphological, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of 20 sugar beet genotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 2011; 42(3):453-464. Ahmadi M. Estimate genetic parameters of quantitative and qualitative traits of sugar beet by Diallel design. Master's thesis in Plant Breeding Shiraz University, College of Agriculture, 1996. (in Persian, abstract in English) Ahmadi M, Asad MT. Estimation of genetic parameters of agronomic and qualitative traits in a cross of sugar beet diallel. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1998; 17: 19-34. Ahmadi M, Majidi Heravan E, Sadeghian SY, Mesbah M, Darvish F. Drought tolerance variability in S1 pollinator lines developed from a sugar beet open population. Euphytica, 2011; 178: 339- 349. Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 1973; 39: 205-207. Bashiri, B, Mir Mahmoodi T, Fotohi K. Evaluation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) genotypes for their trait associations under saline conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 2015; 9(2):243-258. Biancardi E, McGrath JM, Panella LW, Lewellen RT, Stevanato P. Sugar Beet p., In Bradshaw JE. ed. Root and Tuber Crops. Handbook of plant breeding New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London, 2010; 173-221. Bosemark NO. Genetics and breeding, In Cooke DA, Scott RK. (eds). The sugar beet crops (science into practice), Chapman and Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London, UK. 1993; pp: 67-119. Cacic N, Kovacev L, Mezei S, Sklenar P, Nagl N. Mode of inheritance and combining abilities for some sugar beet traits (Beta vulgaris L.). Plant genetics and breeding, 1999; 32: 137-147. Chaparzadeh C, Khavari-Nejad RA, Navari-Izzo F, Izzo R. Water relations and ionic balance in (Calendula officinalis L.) under salinity conditions. Agrochimica, 2003; 47(1-2): 69-79. Curcic Z. Effect of type resistance for rhizomania on combining abilities and quantitative traits of sugar beet, M.Sc. Thesis. 2008. Ebdon JS, Gauch HG. Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction analysis of national turf grass performance trials: Interpretation of genotype × environment interaction. Crop Science, 2002; 42: 489-496 Epstein E, Norlyn JD, Rush DW, Kingsbury RW, Kelly DB, Cunningham GA, Wron AF. Saline culture of crops: a genetic approach. Science, 1980; 210: 399- 404. Falconer DS, Mackay TFC. Introduction to quantitative genetics. Longman, Harlow. 1996. Hoffman AA, Parsons PA. Evolutionary genetics and environmental stress. Oxford Uni. Press, New York. 1991. Fotohi K, Mesbah M, Sadeghian Motahar SY, Ranji AZ. Path analysis under normal and salt stress conditions in sugar beet germplasm. Journal of Sugar Beet, 2012; 26(1):1-13. (in Persian) Ghafari E, Rajabi A, Izadi Darbandi A, Rozbeh F, Amiri R. Evaluation of new sugar beet monogerm hybrids for drought tolerance. Journal of Crop Breeding. 2016, 8: 8-16. (in Persian, abstract in English) Ghasemi H, Mohammadian R, Noushad H, Danaee M. The study of the effects of some morphological and physiological traits on white sugar yield of six monogerm varieties of sugar beet, Giyah va Zist Bum, 2010; 23:67. (In Persian) Hallauer AR, Miranda JB, Quantitative genetics in maize breeding. Pages 46, 195, 200 and 201. Iowa State University Press. Ames. Iowa. USA. 1982. Haussmann BI, Parzies HK, Presterl T, Susic Z, Miedaner T. Plant genetic resources in crop improvement. Plant Genetic Resources. 2004; 2(1): 3-21. Izadi-Darbandi A, Bahmani K, Ramshini HA, Moradi N. Heritability estimates of agronomic traits and essential oil content in Iranian fennels. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2013; 15:1275- 1283. Kacser H, Burns JA. The molecular basis of dominance. Genetics, 1981; 97:639-666. Kearsey MJ, Pooni HS. The genetical analysis of quantitative traits. Chapman and Hall, Stanley Thornes (Publishers) Ltd. London. 1996. Kolaee H, Mahmoudi SB, Hasani, M. Evaluation of resistance of beet breeding lines to Rhizoctonia root and crown rot. Journal of Sugar Beet, 2010; 26(1):31-42. (in Persian, abstract in English) Lin CS, Bins MR, Lefcovitch LP. Stability analysis: where do we stand? Crop Science. 1986; 26: 894-900. Mahmudi SB, Abbasi Z. Evaluation combining ability of sugar beet breeding lines for qualitative and quantitative traits and resistant to Rhizomania disease, Journal of Crop Breeding, 2018; 9(24): 112-118. (in Persian, abstract in English) Mansourfar K. Advanced statistical methods using applied software. University of Tehran, Second Edition. 2008; pp: 459. Mohammad Salehi MS, Vojdani P. Investigation of some genetic characteristics in a number of rice cultivars. Proceedings of the 5th Congress of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, p.77. 1998. Morant-Manceau A, Pradier E, Tremblin G. Osmotic adjustment, gas exchanges and chlorophyll fluorescence of a hexaploid triticale and its parental species under salt stress. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2004; 161: 25-33. Nabizadeh E, Fotohi K. Study of relationships among qualitative and quantitative traits in sugar beet genotypes infected with rhizoctonia. Journal of Crop Breeding. 2018; 10(27):94-103. (in Persian) Nasri R, Kashani A, Paknejad F, Sadeghi-Shojae M, Ghorbani S. Correlation and path analysis of qualitative and quantitative yield in sugar beet in transplant and direct sowing methods in saline lands. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 2012; 8:213-226. (in Persian) Ouda Sohier MM. Yield and quality of sugar beet as affected by planting density and nitrogen fertilizer levels in the newly reclaimed soil; D Linehan. Plant and Soil. 2005; 44:445-449. Orazizadeh MR, Sadeghian Motahar SY, Mesbah M. Genetic parameters of resistance to agent of leaf spot (cercospora beticola) of sugar beet. Journal of Sugar Beet, 2002; 18: 15-27. (in Persian, abstract in English) Pakniyat M. Genetics and breeding of sugar beet. Shiraz University Press, 437pp. 2008. (in Persian, abstract in English) Rajabi A, Griffiths H, Ober ES, Kromdijk W, Pidgeon JD. Genetic characteristics of water-use related traits in sugar beet. Euphytica, 2008; 160: 175-187. Rajabi A, Moghaddam M, Rahimzadeh F, Mesbah M, Ranji Z. Evolution of genetic diversity in sugar beet populations for agronomic traits and crop quality. Journal of Agricultural science, 2002; 33(2):553- 567. (in Persian, abstract in English) Rao SA, Mc-Neilly T. Genetic basis of variation for salt tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.). Euphytica, 1999; 108(3):145-150. Reinefeld E, Emmerich A, Baumgarten G, Winner C, Beiß. U.m. Zur voraussage des melassezuckers aus rübenanalysen. Zucker, 1974; 27: 2-15. Romano A, Sorgona A, Lupini A, Araniti F, Stevanato P, Cacco G, Abenavoli MR. Morpho-physiological responses of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) genotypes to drought stress. Acta. Physiologiae Plantarum, 2013; 35:853-865. Scaracis GN, Smith GA. Prediction of three-way top cross sugar beet hybrid performance. Crop Science, 1984; 24: 55-60. Schneider K, Schäfer-Pregl R, Borchardt D, Salamini F. Mapping QTLs for sucrose content, yield and quality in a sugar beet population fingerprinted by EST-related markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2002, 104:1107–1113. Sharifi M. Correlation and path analysis of yield traits under irrigation regimes in some sugar beet genotypes. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 2014; 16(17):74-88. (in Persian) Sheikholeslami R. Laboratory methods and their application in process control in sugar industry. 1th edn. Mersa, Inc. Tehran, Iran, 1997. (in Persian) Shiri M, Aliyev RT, Choukan R. Water stress effects on combining ability and gene action of yield and genetic properties of drought tolerance indices in Maize. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2010; 1-10. Srivastava HM, Kapur R, Srivastava BL, Heterosis, combining ability and gene action in a seven parent diallel in sugar beet. Indian Journal of Genetics and plant Breeding, 1986; 46: 484-489. Stancic I, Zivic J, Petrovic S, Knezevic D. Impact of genes and proportional contribution of parental genotypes to inheritance of root yield and sugar content in diploid hybrids of sugar beet. The Scientific World Journal, 2014; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/580623. Vahedi S, Mesbah M, Yousefabadi V, Amiri R, Bihamta MR, Dehghan Shoar M. Study on the relation between agronomic traits and root morphology and determination of traits affecting root yield and sugar content in monogerm germplasm of sugar beet. Journal of Sugar Beet, 2006; 22(2): 19-34. (in Persian, abstract in English) Yang RC, Jana S, Clarke JM. Phenotypic diversity and associations of some potentially drought responsive characters of durum wheat. Crop Sciences, 1991; 31: 1484-1491. Younan NZ, El-Deeb MH, El-Manhaly MA. Path coefficient analysis of total soluble solids and root weight in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Minufiya, Journal of Agricultural Research, 1990; 15(2):1921-1929. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 520 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 373 |
||