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تأثیر قارچ ریشه‌های آربوسکولار، Trichoderma harzianum و ترکیب آن‌ها بر پوسیدگی فیتوفتورایی ریشه نهالهای پسته رقم ممتاز: ویژگی‌های رشدی، تغذیه‌ای و بیوشیمیایی | ||
| آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| دوره 89، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 113، اسفند 1400، صفحه 243-255 اصل مقاله (604.62 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2021.356180.1416 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه شمس الدین سعید1؛ ناصر رادمان2؛ امیر حسین محمدی* 3؛ مهدی پیرنیا4؛ عبدالحسین طاهری5 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه زابل | ||
| 2گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل | ||
| 3پژوهشکده پسته، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رفسنجان، ایران | ||
| 4گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل | ||
| 5دانشیارگروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از عوامل مهار زیستی یکی از روشهای کاهش پوسیدگی فیتوفتورایی ریشه درختان پسته می‌باشد. در تحقیق حاضر تأثیر مایه‌زنی مخلوط سه گونه قارچ ریشه آربوسکولار (AM)، Trichoderma harzianum (Th) و ترکیب آن‌ها (AM+Th) بر پوسیدگی فیتوفتورایی ریشه ناشی از Phytophthora drechsleri (Pd) در نهال های پسته رقم ممتاز ارزیابی شد. قارچ ریشه های آربوسکولار، Th و ترکیب آن‌ها هم زمان با کاشت بذرهای پسته مایه‌زنی شد و بیمارگر دوماه بعد، یتایج نشان داد که درتیمارهای AM، Th، AM+Th و برهمکنش آن‌ها با Pd، ویژگی‌های رشدی، تغذیه‌ای و بیوشیمیایی به‌طور معنیداری در مقایسه با شاهد و بیمارگر افزایش یافته که بیشترین میزان افزایش در تیمارهای AM+Th و AM+Th+Pd مشاهده شد. در انتهای آزمایش، مرگ و میر نهال ها از 92 درصد در تیمار Pd، به 67، 67 و 50 درصد در تیمارهای AM+Pd، Th+Pd و AM+Th+Pd رسید. نتایج تحقیقات حاضر نشان داد که مایه‌زنی قارچ ریشه های آربوسکولار و Th و بهخصوص ترکیب آن‌ها میتواند علاوه بر بهبود خصوصیات رشدی، تغذیه‌ای و بیوشیمیایی، موجب مهار زیستی پوسیدگی فیتوفتورایی ریشه در نهالهای پسته شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پرولین؛ عناصرغذایی؛ قندهای محلول؛ مقاومت؛ مهار زیستی؛ Phytophthora drechsleri | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas, Trichoderma harzianum and their combination on Phytophthora root rot of pistachio seedlings cv. Momtaz: growth, nutritional and biochemical characteristics | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| fatemeh shamsaddensaeed1؛ Naser Radman2؛ Amir Hossein Mohammadi3؛ Mehdi Pirnia4؛ Abdol Hossein Taheri5 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, University of Zabol | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, University of Zabol | ||
| 3Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Plant Protection, University of Zabol | ||
| 5- Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Using biocontrol agents is one of the methods to reduce mortality of Phytophthora root rot in pistachio orchards. In the present study, the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) (mixture of three species), Trichoderma harzianum (Th) and their combination (AM+Th) were evaluated on Phytophthora root rot caused by Phytophthora drechsleri (Pd) in pistachio seedlings cv. Momtaz. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Th and their combination were inoculated at the time of sowing pistachio seeds, but the pathogen was inoculated two months later. The results showed that AM, Th and AM+Th treatments and their interaction with Pd significantly increased growth, nutritional and biochemical characteristics of seedlings compared to the control and Pd treatment. The highest increase was observed in AM+Th and AM+Th+Pd treatments. At the end of the experiment, the mortality of pistachio seedlings was significantly reduced from 92% in Pd treatment and reached to 67, 67 and 50% in AM+Pd, Th+Pd and AM+Th+Pd treatments, respectively. It is concluded that inoculation of AM, Th and especially their combination improved the growth, nutritional and biochemical characteristics which can lead to biological control of Phytophthora root rot of pistachio seedlings. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biological control, mineral elements, proline, resistance, soluble sugars, Phytophthora drechsleri | ||
| مراجع | ||
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