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بررسی اثر روش های مختلف کاشت و سطوح مختلف توزیع هورمون ها بر آناتومی برگ پرچم ژنوتیپ های برنج تحت تنش شوری در شمال خوزستان | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 132، آبان 1400، صفحه 29-1 اصل مقاله (756.95 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2021.353327.1529 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کاوه لیموچی* 1؛ سید عطاءاله سیادت2 | ||
| 1محقق دوره پسادکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران. | ||
| 2استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با هدف تعیین بهترین روش کشت و تیمار هورمونی در مواجهه با شرایط شوری پیرامون گیاه برنج به صورت کرت‌های دو بار خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در استان خوزستان در دو سال (1397 و 1398) انجام شد. سه شیوه کاشت (خشکه‌کاری، نشایی و مستقیم یا رایج منطقه)، 16 سطح مختلف هورمون‌های اکسین و سالسیلیک اسید به صورت پرایمینگ بذری و تیمارهای مختلف اسپری برگی با مقدار 1 و 2 لیتر در هکتار و زمانهای اسپری مختلف در مراحل پنجه‌زنی و ظهور خوشه بر ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف برنج مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه مرکب نشان داد به غیر از اثر متقابل روش‌کشت در هورمون صفت سطح دستجات آوندی بزرگ در سایر موارد اثرات اصلی و متقابل صفات تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد وجود دارد. بیشترین سطح دستجات آوندی در روش‌کشت نشایی به دلیل مدیریت بهینه و پرایمینگ با اکسین و سالسیلیک‌اسید به دلیل بیشترین تاثیر گذاری بر گیاه بدست آمد. همچنین سطح صفات مزبور در ژنوتیپ‌های با مقاومت بیشتر کمتر بود که می‌تواند یکی از مکانیسم‌های اصلی گیاه به لحاظ افزایش سازگاری و حفظ بیشتر پتانسیل آبی درون گیاه تحت تنش شرایط شوری باشد. در نهایت به ترتیب بیشترین سطح دستجات آوندی بزرگ و کوچک با متوسط 12348 و 792/1928 میکرومترمربع در ژنوتیپ‌های IR 80508-B-194-3-B و عنبوری قرمز در تیمارهای گفته شده بدست آمد. سطح دستجات آوندی بزرگ بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنیدار را با ضریب **124/0 با عملکرد دانه به لحاظ سطح بالای آن در انتقال آب دارا بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش شوری؛ برنج؛ بافت؛ الگوی‌کاشت؛ هورمون؛ پرایمینگ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the effect of different planting methods and different levels of hormone distribution on Flag leaf anatomy of rice genotypes under salinity stress in northern Khuzestan | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| kaveh limouchi1؛ Seyed Ataallah Siadat2 | ||
| 1Postdoctoral researcher, Department of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Investigating the effect of different planting methods and different levels of hormone distribution on Flag leaf anatomy of rice genotypes under salinity stress in northern Khuzestan ABSTRACT Introduction: Increased drought to maintain the water potential in plant causes a reduction in diameter of Xylem vascular bundles (Majd et al., 2009). Xylem vascular bundles area decreases in different conditions leading to water stress in order to improve irrigation efficiency and to maintain plant water potential (Limouchi & Farahvash, 2014). Stresses can decrease vascular bundles area and diameter to improve water use efficiency and to reduce transpiration, while these traits are positively and significantly correlated to grain yield (Limouchi, et al., 2013). Water shortage for rice leads to a reduction in the value of anatomical traits effective in water retention and movement such as vascular bundles to maintain the amount of water in rice (Dawood, 2016). This study aimed to identify the tolerance and sensitivity mechanisms to drought in different irrigation intervals in order to increase grain yield by examining changes in anatomical characteristics of leaf stamen. Materials and Methods: This study was performed by split-split plots using randomized complete block design with three replications in Khuzestan province with the aim of determining the best Planting pattern and Hormone Treatment of rice cultivation in two years (2018 and 2019). Three planting methods (planting drying, planting seedlings, planting direct or common), 16 different levels of auxin and salicylic acid hormones in the form of seed priming and different leaf spray treatments with 1 and 2 liters per hectare and different spraying times in the tillering stages and The appearance of panicle on different rice genotypes was investigated. Results and Discussion: The combined analysis results showed that in addition to the interaction effect of planting method in hormone traits, the level of large vascular bundles in other cases, the main and interaction effects of traits, there is a significant difference in the level of probability of one percent. The highest level of vascular groups in seedling cultivation was obtained due to optimal management and priming with auxin and salicylic acid due to the greatest effect on the plant. Also, the level of these traits was lower in genotypes with higher resistance, which can be one of the main mechanisms of the plant in terms of increasing adaptability and maintaining more water potential within the plant under stress conditions. Finally, the highest levels of large and small vascular panicle with mean 12348 and 1928.792 micrometers were obtained in IR 80508-B-194-3-B genotypes and red spider in the said treatments, respectively. The surface of large vascular bundles had the highest positive and significant correlation (0.124**) with grain yield in terms of its high level in water and food transfer. The obtained results can be one of the main goals in breeding research and modification of cultivars with higher resistance to salinity conditions under the influence of different hormonal treatments and planting patterns. Discussion: The results of this study showed that an increase in Hormone and irrigation intervals and thus increased drought had reduced vascular bundles area, which can be a mechanism to maintain water and cells turgidity pressure. Keywords: salinity stress, Rice, Vascular, Planting pattern, Hormone, Priming, Leaf. References: Dawood, M.G. 2016. Influence of osmoregulators on plant tolerance to water stress. Scientia Agriculturae, 13 (1): 42-58. Limouchi, K. 2013. Effect of Different Planting Dates on the Anatomy of the Flag Leaf and Grain Yield of Rice Varieties in the Khuzestan Region, Iran. International Journal of Biology, 2 (2): 19-27. (in Persian with English abstract). Limouchi, K., and Farahvash, F. 2014. Effect of different planting dates on anatomy of the peduncle and grain yield of rice varieties in the north Khuzestan region. India Journal of Sciences Research and Technoloji, 2 (2): 99-103. (in Persian with English abstract). Majd, A., Jonobi, P., and Zanipour, M. 2009. Effects of drought stress on anatomical structure of the sunflower plant. Developmental Biology, 1 (4): 11-24. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| salinity stress, Rice, Vascular, Planting pattern, Hormone, Priming | ||
| مراجع | ||
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