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افزایش انباشت کربن در زمین‌های تخریب‌شده و کاهش دی‌اکسیدکربن جو با تلقیح صحرایی سیانوباکترها | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 35، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 134، فروردین 1401، صفحه 16-27 اصل مقاله (1.29 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmrj.2021.355077.1423 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| حسین خیرفام* | ||
| استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ریززیندگانِ پوسته‌ی زیستیِ خاک نقش عمده‌یی در چرخه‌ی کربن و حذف دی‌اکسیدکربن از جو دارند. این ظرفیت به‌دلیل تخریب زمین‌ها کاهش می‌یابد. در این پژوهش افزایش ظرفیت خاک‌های تخریب‌شده با تلقیح سیانوباکترها در افزایش نگه‌داشت (ترسیب) کربن از جو بررسی شد. سیانوباکترهای بومی (Nostoc sp.، Oscillatoria sp. و Lyngbya sp) مناسب برای نگه‌داشت کربن تکثیر، و روی خاک کرت‌های m2 40 در منطقه‌یی تخریب‌شده تلقیح شد. مقدار کربن آلی، کربن نگه‌داشته در خاک و معادل دی‌اکسیدکربن برداشته از جو در سه بازه‌ی زمانی آغاز (زمان صفر)، میانه (پس از 83 روز) و پایان (پس از 172 روز) آزمایش اندازه‌گیری شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که در تیمار شاهد کربن نگه‌داشته در میانه و انتهای آزمایش به‌ترتیب 0/25 و 0/27 g.m-2.day-1 بود. تلقیح سیانوباکترها منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار نگه‌داشت کربن در میانه و پایان آزمایش به‌ترتیب 312 و 226% نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. اندازه‌ی نگه‌داشت کربن و حذف دی‌اکسیدکربن با تلقیح سیانوباکترها پس از 172 روز به‌ترتیب 3/59 و 13/17 ton.ha-1.year-1 تخمین زده شد که در تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 1/10 و 4/03 ton.ha-1.year-1 بود. یافته‌ها نشان داد که تلقیح سیانوباکترها به‌شکل آب-تلقیحی قبل از شروع فصل مرطوب (آغاز پاییز) و به‌مقدار کمینه‌ی g.m-2 1/5 زی‌توده ضمن اثرگزاری مطلوب، از نظر اقتصادی نیز تأیید می‌شود. تلقیح سیانوباکترها در مقیاس صحرایی ابزاری زیستی است که باید در برنامه‌های توسعه‌ی پایدار برای نگه‌داشت کربن و احیای زمین به آن توجه شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| احیای زمین؛ پوسته‌ی زیستی خاک؛ کربن آلی؛ گازهای گلخانه‌یی؛ گرم شدن جهانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Increasing carbon stock potential in degraded lands and reducing atmospheric CO2 through field inoculation of cyanobacteria | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossein Kheirfam | ||
| Assistant professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Micro-organisms of biological soil crusts have a major role in carbon (C) cycling and atmospheric CO2 removal. Currently, the ability of erodible soils to store atmospheric C is reduced. Thus, we assessed how inoculating soil cyanobacteria onto degraded soil affects C sequestration from the atmosphere. The existing cyanobacteria (Nostoc sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Lyngbya sp.) for the C sequestration were proliferated. They were inoculated on the 40 m2 plots located in degraded land. After 83 (middle of the period) and 172 (end of the period) days, we measured the effect of this inoculation on soil organic C, calculated potential C sequestration, and potential CO2 removal from the atmosphere. The results showed that in the control treatment, the sequestrated carbon in the middle and at the end of the experiment was 0.25 and 0.27 g.m-2.day-1, respectively. Inoculation of cyanobacteria led to a significant increase of 312% and 226% of C sequestration in the middle and end of the experiment, respectively. After 172 days, the rate of C sequestration and removal of CO2 by inoculation of cyanobacteria was estimated to be 3.59 and 13.17 ton.ha-1.year-1, respectively, which was 1.10 and 4.03 ton.ha-1.year-1 in control. The results showed that inoculation of cyanobacteria by hydro-seeding technique before the wet season (early autumn) and at least 1.5 g.m-2 of biomass has the desired effect, and is also approved economically. Eventually, field-scale inoculation of cyanobacteria could be considered as a bio-based tool for sustainable development goals through carbon sequestration and rehabilitation of lands. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biological soil crust, global warming, greenhouse gases, land rehabilitation, organic carbon | ||
| مراجع | ||
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