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ارزیابی مدل های نفوذپذیری در خاک سطحی سازندهای زمین شناسی در آبخیز الشتر، استان لرستان | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 133، دی 1400، صفحه 150-164 اصل مقاله (1.46 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmrj.2021.354035.1398 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شکوفه حسنوند1؛ علیرضا سپه وند* 2؛ فرج اله ترنیان3؛ پروین سیهاک4 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، لرستان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان | ||
| 4استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه شولینی، سولان، هیماچال پرادش، هند. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شیوه‌ی نفوذ آب به خاک و تغییر و چگونگی آن یکی از ویژگی های کلیدی در طراحی سامانه های آبیاری، مدیریت منبع آب و حفاظت خاک و مهار فرسایش خاک در آبخیزها است. به‌دلیل اهمیت موضوع، در این پژوهش به بررسی تغییر نفوذپذیری در خاک سطحی سازندهای زمین شناسی و ارزیابی مدل های نفوذپذیری در آنها پرداخته شده‌است. از استوانه های دوتایی برای اندازه گیری نفوذ در خاک سطحی برخی سازندهای زمین شناسی آبخیز الشتر به‌دلیل سیل خیز بودن، بهره برده‌شد. بعد از سنجیدن اندازه‌ی نفوذ، عمل‌کرد مدل های گرین-آمپت اصلاح شده، فیلیپ، کوستیاکوف، حفاظت خاک آمریکا و هورتون در برآوردکردن نفوذپذیری با معیارهای ریشه‌ی میانگین مربع‌های خطا، ضریب کارآیی مدل، و ضریب همبستگی ارزیابی شد. نتیجه نشان داد که نفوذ تجمعی، متوسط سرعت نفوذ و سرعت نفوذ نهایی در خاک سطحی سازند زمین شناسی آسماری (Oml) از دیگر سازندها بیش‌تر است، و بعد از آن سازندهای دوران چهارم Q و Qt بود. نتیجه‌ی مقایسه‌ی مدل ها نشان داد که دقت و صحت مدل گرین-آمپت اصلاح شده به ترتیب در سازندهای آغاجاری (Mpaj و Muplaj) گچساران (M)، گروه خامی (Jk,Mz)، پابده (El)، و بختیاری (Plb)، با ضریب کارآیی 93/9، 94/4، 95/9، 97/6، 87/7 و 92/7 % نسبت به دیگر مدل ها پذیرفتنی بود، و مدل برتر شناخته شد. در خاک سطحی سازندهای Q و Oml مدل کوستیاکوف به ترتیب با ضریب کارآیی 0/776 و 0/705 و در Qt مدل هورتون با ضریب کارآیی 0/925 مناسب تر از دیگر مدل ها بود. از این مدل ها می‌توان برای کمّی سازی مقدار نفوذ و تخمین‌زدن اندازه‌ی روان‌آب در سازندهای گوناگون زمین شناسی بهره برد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استان لرستان؛ استوانه های دوتایی؛ اَلشتَر؛ مدل کوستیاکوف؛ مدل گرین-آمپت؛ نفوذپذیری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Assessment of Infiltration Models in the Surface Soil of Geological Formations in Aleshtar Watershed, the Province of Lorestan | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shokofeh Hasanvand1؛ Alireza Sepahvand2؛ Farajollah Tarnian3؛ Parveen Sihag4 | ||
| 1Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan Province, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management Engineering, faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University | ||
| 3Assistant professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan Province, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil infiltration is one of the key processes in the design of irrigation systems, water resources management, soil conservation, and erosion control in watershed management. As to the importance of the mentioned subject, infiltration changes and modeling were investigated on the surface soil of geological formations in this study. The double-ring infiltrometer was used to measure the infiltration rate in the surface soil of some geological formations on the Alashtar Watershed due to the flooding potential of the area. The performance of the modified Green-Ampt, Philip, Kostiakov, the US Soil Conservation Service (SCS), and the Horton models were evaluated in estimating the infiltration rate in the surface soils formed or deposited on those formations. The results indicated that the Asmari Formation (Oml) had a higher cumulative infiltration, average infiltration rate, terminal infiltration rate than other formations. This was followed by the Quaternary Formations (Q and Qt). The results indicated that the modified Green-Ampt model had an acceptable accuracy as compared to other models in estimating infiltration in the Pabdeh (EL), the Khami Group (Jk, Mz), the Gachsaran (M), the Aghajari (Muplaj, Mpaj), and the Bakhtyari (Plb) Formations with efficiency coefficients of 93.9, 94.4, 95.9, 97.6, 87.7, and 92.7%, respectively. The Kostiakov model was more suitable for the Q and Oml Formations, and the Horton model was the best for the Qt Formation (C.C= 0.925), which may be used to quantify the amount of infiltrated water and to estimate the runoff volume for the soils formed or deposited on those formations different on the mentioned geological formations. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aleshtar, double Ring, Green-Ampt model, infiltration, Kostiakov model, Lorestan Province | ||
| مراجع | ||
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